IS IT GETTING MEAN AROUND HERE??

I never denied that I engaged in name calling. But Ive tried to change. Im asking tht you, Ionus, gunga, etc stop your name calling and just try to keep up debate on the issue at hnd.

So he was just 19 . talk bout connections. A major General . Moving up the ranks wasnt so hard when you came up with several hundred K.

It was only after my PM to you that you changed your entire viewpoint

A2K may be many things but it does NOT lose our posts (nd PMs)

Shall I print the PM that I sent you explaining the entire sequence of Mary SChweiter's discoveries about the " dinosaur Soft tissue" and how DNA was NEVER an issue

Who are you calling chicken? T. rex's closest living relative found on the farm
· Proteins sequenced from dinosaur confirm link
· Discovery ushers in new era in palaeontology

Chickens, now thought to be the closest living relative of the mighty Tyrannosaurus rex.
Alok Jha, science correspondent

Friday 13 April 2007 11.19 AEST

Scientists have at last uncovered the closest living relative of the mighty Tyrannosaurus rex, the most feared and famous of all the dinosaurs. For the first time, researchers have managed to sequence proteins from the long-extinct creature, leading them to the discovery that many of the molecules show a remarkable similarity to those of the humble chicken.

The research provides the first molecular evidence for the notion that birds are the modern-day descendants of dinosaurs, as well as overturning the long-held palaeontological assumption that delicate organic molecules such as DNA and proteins are completely destroyed during the process of fossilisation over hundreds of thousands of years. It also hints at the tantalising prospect that scientists may one day be able to emulate Jurassic Park by cloning a dinosaur.

Mary Schweitzer, a palaeontologist at North Carolina State University and the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, led a team of researchers in analysing the 68m-year-old leg bone of a T-rex, recovered in 2003 in Montana. To her surprise, she found that it still contained a matrix of collagen fibres, a protein that gives bone its structure and flexibility. Working with colleagues at Harvard University Medical Centre and with the help of equipment normally used to identify and sequence tiny amounts of protein in human cancers, Prof Schweitzer managed to extract and sequence seven different T-rex proteins.

The results are published today in a series of papers in the journal Science.

"The analysis shows that T-rex collagen makeup is almost identical to that of a modern chicken - this corroborates a huge body of evidence from the fossil record that demonstrates birds are descended from meat-eating dinosaurs," said Angela Milner, the associate keeper of palaeontology at the Natural History Museum in London. "So, it is very satisfying that the molecules have provided a positive test for the morphology."
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Prof Schweitzer had already sequenced protein from a woolly mammoth in 2002, but that material was from fossils that were merely 300,000 years old.

When the 68m-year-old T-rex's proteins had been isolated from the surrounding dust and rock, Prof Schweitzer's team compared them with the known proteins in living animals.

"Out of seven sequences, we had three that matched chicken uniquely and we had another that matched frogs uniquely and another that also matched newt uniquely and a couple of others that matched multiple organisms that include chickens and newts," said John Asara of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Centre in Boston, one of the authors of the study.

Dr Asara said the results supported the view that birds evolved from dinosaurs, but added: "If we had more species in the database to compare it to, such as alligator or crocodile, which have not been sequenced yet, we may also find matches to those species. Based on this study, it looks like chickens might be the closest amongst all species that are present in today's genome databases."

Molecular information like this can help to build better evolutionary family trees between extinct and living organisms. "The fact that identifiable proteins and amino acids can be recovered from at least some fossil vertebrates has opened up an exciting new field of investigation that may tell us more about the patterns and rates of evolution from the past to the present. And we can now do it from molecules as well as bones," said Dr Milner.

But Jack Horner of Montana State University said that sequencing the T-rex protein would also lead to a new era in palaeontology, which has so far relied on looking at the shapes and sizes of fossil bones to infer the relationships between extinct animals. The important thing was to find well-preserved material that had been protected from water and air. "To get specimens like that requires enormous amounts of material, getting specimens that are covered in tens of feet of rock."

Lewis Cantley, a biologist at Harvard University who took part in the analysis of the T-rex's proteins, said the techniques used had pushed medical technology to its limits. "The exciting thing is that this technology is still in its infancy, we're going to see it get a lot better. The machines are improving, the software is improving and there will be a lot of excitement in the palaeontology community of applying this technology to other bones that are preserved."

However, Dr Milner counselled against indulging in Jurassic Park fantasies just yet. "The fact that protein sequences from collagen of a T-rex have been recovered does not mean that we will be able to clone dinosaurs, despite what the makers of Jurassic Park suggest. Cloning any organism needs its DNA which carries the instructions to make a copy. DNA is not a protein, it is not a very stable molecule and it has never been recovered from any organism more than 30,000 years old."

Nobody in their right mind would believe Ionus over you. I always respect your opinion in matters scientifical. Ionus can shout and insult, but he can't reason, and he's delusional.

a chickens linneage to the dinosaurs by DNA sequencing

I am not bothered enough to create one myself,

No time to deal with your crap now. Will do in the weekend, probably on a special thread since this could be long and ugly. Racist people usually are argumentative and ugly in their argumentation.

You :

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All the rest--the Louvre, the Exocet add, etc.-- comes from your racist arse. And is absolutely ridiculous.

The Facts :

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The Exocet that struck the Sheffield impacted on the starboard side at deck level 2, travelling through the junior ratings scullery and breaching the Forward Auxiliary Machinery Room/Forward Engine Room bulkhead 2.4 metres (7 ft 10 in) above the waterline, creating a hole in the hull roughly 1.2 by 3 metres (3.9 by 9.8 ft). It appears that the warhead did not explode.[14] Accounts suggest that the initial impact of the missile disabled the ship's electrical distribution systems and breached the pressurised sea water fire main, severely hampering any firefighting response and eventually dooming the ship to be consumed by the fire. The loss of Sheffield was a deep shock to the British public and government.

Some of the crew of Sheffield were of the opinion that the missile exploded, others held the view that it had not. The official Royal Navy Board of Inquiry Report, however, stated that evidence indicates that the warhead did not detonate. During the four and a half days that the ship remained afloat, five salvage inspections were made and a number of photographs were taken. Members of the crew were interviewed, and testimony was given by Exocet specialists (the Royal Navy had 15 surface combat ships armed with Exocets in the Falklands War). There was no evidence of an explosion, although burning propellant from the rocket motor had caused a number of fires, which could not be checked as a fire main had been put out of action.

The Atlantic Conveyor was a container ship that had been hastily converted to an aircraft transport and was carrying helicopters and supplies. The missiles had been fired at a frigate but had been confused by the frigate's defences and instead targeted the Atlantic Conveyor nearby. The Exocets - it is not certain whether the warheads exploded or not - caused a fire in the fuel and ammunition aboard which burnt the ship out. Atlantic Conveyor sank while under tow three days later.


Because there may be some doubt about the efficiency of the missile in some peoples minds, the charming French took out an ad, basically full of boasting and lies, what we have come to expect .
This is a newspaper article on the Ad .
https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1310&dat=19840913&id=86xjAAAAIBAJ&sjid=iuEDAAAAIBAJ&pg=2678,2991396&hl=en

As for corrupt french men...C'est impossible....
http://www.newsweek.com/code-breakers-114221

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Then, in early December, while Howard and Grazer were in Paris auditioning actresses for the film's female lead, they got a call from the office of French President Jacques Chirac inviting them to swing by and say bonjour . "We thought it was going to be a five-minute thing, like a trip to the Oval Office--a photo and a handshake," says Grazer. But Chirac asked them to sit down and get comfortable. Coffee was poured. They ended up staying close to an hour. Chirac insisted that his guests alert him if their request to film at the Louvre hit any snags. Not only that, he offered them some... pointers. He suggested they cast his daughter's best friend--an actress of some acclaim in France--in the role of Sophie Neveu, the elegant young cryptographer at the heart of the book's mystery. And he wondered aloud, half seriously, if they could sweeten the paycheck for actor Jean Reno, who'd already been cast as the relentless French detective Bezu Fache. "That was hilarious," says Howard. "Fortunately the deal was already closed."

Me :

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I expect an apology, but with your morality and arrogance....well....

Me :

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I cant say if that is right or wrong, but I caution people about believing French Prosecutors when a French Company is involved .

You :

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That's total BS. Plus there's no French company involved.

(the next post, you said)
You :

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Airbus is a European company. True that the French have a lot of control over it. We basically designed the whole thing.

All the French people I have met in my travels overseas, at home and on duty have been some of the nicest people I will ever meet . But I would not trust the French Government or the French Private Sector to not be corrupt any more than I would Al Capone .

So we all agree it's getting meaner.

I still havent changed my viewpoint . Sorry to introduce facts whilst you are dreaming,

Who are you calling chicken? T. rex's closest living relative found on the farm
· Proteins sequenced from dinosaur confirm link
· Discovery ushers in new era in palaeontology

You seem to have a problem with simple truth and Im kinda amazed at your deceipt.