InfraBlue wrote:Would you provide the passages in Exodus where it repeatedly says that Pharaoh "refused" and his "heart was unyielding, real life. Not that I don't believe you, just that I don't want to take the time to read the whole damn book. Thanks
Hi InfraBlue,
Glad you are hangin' with the discussion. It's kinda interesting, doncha think?
Refuse--------------
# Exodus 8:2
If you refuse to let them go, I will plague your whole country with frogs.
# Exodus 9:2
If you refuse to let them go and continue to hold them back,
# Exodus 10:3
So Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and said to him, "This is what the LORD, the God of the Hebrews, says: 'How long will you refuse to humble yourself before me? Let my people go, so that they may worship me.
# Exodus 10:4
If you refuse to let them go, I will bring locusts into your country tomorrow.
# Exodus 11:9
The LORD had said to Moses, "Pharaoh will refuse to listen to you?-so that my wonders may be multiplied in Egypt."
# Exodus 15:15 When Pharaoh stubbornly refused to let us go, the LORD killed every firstborn in Egypt, both man and animal. This is why I sacrifice to the LORD the first male offspring of every womb and redeem each of my firstborn sons.'
Unyielding------------
# Exodus 7:14
[ The Plague of Blood ] Then the LORD said to Moses, "Pharaoh's heart is unyielding; he refuses to let the people go.
# Exodus 9:7
Pharaoh sent men to investigate and found that not even one of the animals of the Israelites had died. Yet his heart was unyielding and he would not let the people go.
Pharaoh hardened his heart-------------
# Exodus 8:15 But when Pharaoh saw that there was relief, he hardened his heart and would not listen to Moses and Aaron, just as the LORD had said.
# Exodus 8:32 But this time also Pharaoh hardened his heart and would not let the people go.
# Exodus 9:34 When Pharaoh saw that the rain and hail and thunder had stopped, he sinned again: He and his officials hardened their hearts. 35 So Pharaoh's heart was hard and he would not let the Israelites go, just as the LORD had said through Moses.
Is this a tough subject ? Sure it is. Because the Bible also does say in several passages that the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart.
So what are we to understand from this?
The entire context of the Bible shows that God has given man a free will. These passages , interleaved as they are in the first half of Exodus, were obviously not written to contradict each other on purpose.
The writer, penning his work in the Hebrew language, obviously would have known if the sense he was giving to the verbs in each chapter conflicted with what he had written moments earlier.
It makes perfect sense to say that Pharaoh hardened his heart against God. This was Pharaoh's action.
It makes equal sense to say that God had hardened Pharaoh's heart. This was Pharaoh's reaction.
How's that? Well, because we use language of the same sort today.
It is as the example I gave to Frank. A nonbeliever such as he might say "the god of the Bible makes me angry". This indicates Frank's reaction.
It does not indicate pure cause and inevitable effect, as if Frank were helpless to determine whether he would be angry or not.
BTW an easy place to pull up Bible quotations fast, based on keyword is
http://www.biblegateway.com/keyword/ You can search in a dozen or so versions also. The ones I used here were from NIV.