Due process and liberty--how do we define the concepts?
georgeob1 wrote:Ultimately Congress is the judge of what constitutes an impeachable offense. While I agree the Congress will appropriately exercise judicious caution in exercising this power, it is entirely appropriate for the offense. Your suggestion that an amendment to the constitution is needed to restore the undeniable intent of its framers is itself quite remarkable.
It is not an impeachable offense for a Supreme Court justice to author the majority opinion of the Court with respect to the Constitutional prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment and its application (via the Fourteenth Amendment) to state law.
The Fourteenth Amendment mandates that no state shall deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law. There are two vital components to concept of "due process." There is the substantive component and the procedural component to due process of law.
If we follow georgeob1's view, the Fourteenth Amendment would be rendered meaningless if individual rights have no substance.
Georgeob1 fails to understand that our society is not trapped in the year 1789. Our society has evolved and progressed. Our concepts and values with respect to life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness have also evolved and progressed.
In 1789, THE PEOPLE ratified the Constitution to secure the blessings of liberty to those who existed and for all those who would come into existence (the progeny). But, how do "we the people" define the concept of LIBERTY?
According to the "strict construction" mentality, our courts are bound to apply the fundamental law of this nation in accordance with the community standards that existed in 1789. However, in 1789, women were not allowed to practice law or engage in other occupations or professions. The prevailing ideology of the times was that women were ordained by God to fullfill the "benign and nobel" role as wife and mother. Women were considered too delicate and sensitive -- hence, UNFIT -- to occupy any other role in society. Therefore, if the states passed laws that banned women from engaging in occupations outside the home, the "strict constructionists" would argue that the women of TODAY would not be allowed to challenge the laws as violative of their constitutionally-protected right to liberty. And I guess -- IF WE WERE FROZEN IN TIME -- frozen in the year 1789 -- the strict constructionists would be correct. Women would not be allowed invoke any constitutional right to liberty.
However, our socieity is NOT frozen in time. The strict constructionists have to face that reality. The strict constructionists have to understand that the concept of "liberty" is an evolving concept. Similarly, the concept of "cruel and unusual punishment" is an evolving concept.
What was acceptable or considered reasonable in 1789 is NOT always going to be considered acceptable or reasonable today. Our courts cannot be hog-tied and blinded from that irrefutable fact.