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'Israel should dismantle nuclear weapons' US Army War Colleg

 
 
Galilite
 
  1  
Reply Sat 24 Dec, 2005 04:19 am
Just a note about Zionism -
InfraBlue wrote:
I didn't say that Zionism is racist. I said that Zionism is ethnocentric. The notion that "the Jews might return to their homeland" is ethnocentric and bigoted because it ignores the reality of the existence of the Eastern and Central European Jews, the Ashkenazim, that is, their origins as a mix of peoples that came from Palestine with peoples that originated in those parts of Europe.
Well, yes. Many other nations also have mixed origins. 55 ethnoses live in China, and Cantonese is very different of Mandarin or Shanghai dialect. Arabs speak different dialects and have very different cultures, but still consider themselves Arabs. And they were definitely mixed with other peoples.

I don't see why it makes it invalid...
InfraBlue wrote:
The details of Zionism and Nazism differ. This fact doesn't negate the fact that they are both informed by the nationalist philosophies and ideologies, which generally was racist, ethnocentric and therefore bigoted, that suffused Europe during the nineteenth century.
Not according to Wikipedia. The roots are very different:
Wikipedia wrote:
Jews who had abandoned Judaism, at least in its traditional forms, began to develop a new Jewish identity, as a "nation" in the European sense. They were inspired by various national struggles, such as those for German and Italian unification, and for Polish and Hungarian independence. If Italians and Poles were entitled to a homeland, they asked, why were Jews not so entitled?
Were Italians and Poles racist as well then?

And, unlike the mythical assaults on the German race, there were full scale pogroms and Pale of Settlement in Russian Empire. So it was backed by actual need rather than a philosophy. Note that initially Zionists were looking for any spot to found a state, whether it was Uganda or even Australian outback.
InfraBlue wrote:
I am pointing to the fact that the imposition of the ethnocentric Zionist state in Palestine is the cause of the conflict in Israel/Palestine, and the crux of the conflict between the Middle East and the West.
The conflict in Israel / Palestine is not one of the longest and not one of the bloodiest conflicts on earth. Comparing to the conflicts in India, Philippines, Indonesia, or Rwanda it is simply a child's play. But heck, these guys don't have oil (or relatives with oil), so the progressive humanity doesn't really care.

Middle East, however, has never been a quiet spot. Ask Druses, or bedouins (who for some reason immediately joined Israeli forces during the War of Independence), or Kurds.
0 Replies
 
Louise R Heller
 
  1  
Reply Sat 24 Dec, 2005 08:49 am
The nationalist movements in Europe in the 19th century - German, Italian, Polish, Hungarian, as correctly mentioned in Wikipedia's entry quoted by Galilite - concerned peoples who already INHABITED the lands they were seeking to unify under a nationalist government.

"Inspired" by those movements is one thing, but to claim any parallels with Zionism is absurd --- in the case of the Jews there had been no "nation" inhabiting a "specific territory" as was the case with all the others without a single exception. Surely you see that??
0 Replies
 
Galilite
 
  1  
Reply Sun 25 Dec, 2005 01:23 am
Louise_R_Heller wrote:
The nationalist movements in Europe in the 19th century - German, Italian, Polish, Hungarian, as correctly mentioned in Wikipedia's entry quoted by Galilite - concerned peoples who already INHABITED the lands they were seeking to unify under a nationalist government.

"Inspired" by those movements is one thing, but to claim any parallels with Zionism is absurd --- in the case of the Jews there had been no "nation" inhabiting a "specific territory" as was the case with all the others without a single exception. Surely you see that??
Well, yes, there is a difference. Jews lived in more than one country, and there was no chance they'ld have a dedicated territory in any of these countries. However, Jews needed the state maybe even more than these other nations. Does it mean they were racist and Germans with Italians were not?
0 Replies
 
Louise R Heller
 
  1  
Reply Sun 25 Dec, 2005 05:51 pm
Galilite, you bring up the term "racist": I didn't. Not sure what it means even, generally or particularly, but I'd like you and anybody else here who's interested to read the commentary of a very highly respected defense analyst at the following link:

http://www.counterpunch.org/werther12172005.html

Merry Christmas to everyone here.
0 Replies
 
InfraBlue
 
  1  
Reply Sun 25 Dec, 2005 07:54 pm
oralloy wrote:
Things can be nationalist and still quite different. For instance, I am quite pro-American, but am nothing like a Nazi.


That things can be nationalist and still quite different is correct.

American nationalism isn't ethnocentric, it is more of an ideologically based nationalism. It cannot be said that American nationalism is informed by 19th cent. European Nationalism. In the 19th century American nationalism tended to be genocidal.

oralloy wrote:
The trait of the Nazis which most stands out is genocide. So long as Israel isn't trying to commit genocide, they can't be anything like the Nazis.


That Israel isn't trying to commit genocide doesn't negate the fact that both Nazism and Zionism are both informed by 19th century European nationalism. In that they are something like the Nazis.

oralloy wrote:
That is incorrect. Barak offered them 95% of the West Bank, in one contiguous block, a capital in Jerusalem, and a limited Right of Return.

Here is a map of what Barak offered in the West Bank (the Palestinians would have got everything that is grey; the Israelis would have kept what is in Blue)


As the map illustrates, the territory offered wasn't exactly contiguous, it was broken into a patchwork of areas specifically designated "Palestinian Autonomous Areas" within the area described as "Palestinian Sovereignty." The reason for that distinction is that Israel planned to effectively control those areas designated "Palestinian Sovereignty" because of the Zionist settlements in those areas that Israel never intended to dismantle.

oralloy wrote:
True, but I can read between the lines there.


You are implying that the Israel government is lying. I believe you are, unfortunately, correct.
0 Replies
 
InfraBlue
 
  1  
Reply Sun 25 Dec, 2005 08:01 pm
Galilite wrote:
InfraBlue wrote:
Galilite wrote:
InfraBlue - is it all personal???
I'm not sure what you're asking. Are you asking that do I take it all personally? If so, then no, I don't take it personally. Are you asking if it affects me personally? If so, then it, the Israel/Palestine Conflict does not affect me personally in that I don't have any personal connections to that region. Being a US citizen, it affects me indirectly in the way that the US goes about dealing with the issue.
I meant those additions like "misanthrope" and "anachronism".
InfraBlue wrote:
Rather, I'm just calling it the way it is, Galilite. Do you take my posts personally?
Yours - no... At least, not yet.


If you were to begin spewing bigoted invectives like Moishe, then you too would be a misanthrope and an anachronism, and I would call you on that also.

Galilite wrote:
I don't see why it makes it invalid...


It invalidates Zionism because it ignores the non-Palestinian origins of the Ashkenazim.

Galilite wrote:
Not according to Wikipedia. The roots are very different


I didn't say that their roots were similar. I said that Zionism was informed by nineteenth century European Nationalism as was Nazism. Like the Wikipedia article you quote says, "The Haskala of Jews in European countries in the 18th and 19th centuries following the French Revolution, and the spread of western liberal ideas among a section of newly emancipated Jews, created for the first time a class of secular Jews, who absorbed the prevailing ideas of rationalism, romanticism and, most importantly, nationalism. Jews who had abandoned Judaism, at least in its traditional forms, began to develop a new Jewish identity, as a "nation" in the European sense. They were inspired by various national struggles, such as those for German and Italian unification, and for Polish and Hungarian independence. If Italians and Poles were entitled to a homeland, they asked, why were Jews not so entitled?"

Your argument is a straw-man argument.

Galilite wrote:
The conflict in Israel / Palestine is not one of the longest and not one of the bloodiest conflicts on earth.


Again, Galilite, I didn't say that, "the conflict in Israel / Palestine is one of the longest and not one of the bloodiest conflicts on earth." I said that the imposition of the ethnocentric Zionist state in Palestine is the cause of the conflict in Israel/Palestine, and the crux of the conflict between the Middle East and the West.

Once again you have created a straw-man argument.
0 Replies
 
Galilite
 
  1  
Reply Mon 26 Dec, 2005 04:10 am
Louise_R_Heller wrote:
Galilite, you bring up the term "racist": I didn't.
I was answering the post of InfraBlue and assumed you followed the same line of thought.

Merry Christmas!
0 Replies
 
Galilite
 
  1  
Reply Mon 26 Dec, 2005 04:24 am
InfraBlue wrote:
If you were to begin spewing bigoted invectives like Moishe, then you too would be a misanthrope and an anachronism, and I would call you on that also.
I am not quite sure you misunderstood me in the first time... but OK.

InfraBlue wrote:
Galilite wrote:
I don't see why it makes it invalid...
It invalidates Zionism because it ignores the non-Palestinian origins of the Ashkenazim.
Again, Zionism aspired to create a state, no matter where. But where would it make sense to create a state which could serve a shelter for Jews, in your opinion? And while Ashkenazim don't have immediate roots in Israel / Palestine, the roots are generally there. Would you say about Germans that Stalin sent to Kazakhstan that they are not Germans anymore?
InfraBlue wrote:
I didn't say that their roots were similar. I said that Zionism was informed by nineteenth century European Nationalism as was Nazism...
You dropped the other part:
InfraBlue wrote:
...they are both informed by the nationalist philosophies and ideologies, which generally was racist, ethnocentric and therefore bigoted, that suffused Europe during the nineteenth century.
Does this mean that Polish, Italian and Hungarian ideologies were racist and bigoted as well, or it goes only for the Jews? Did I understand you here?

InfraBlue wrote:
Again, Galilite, I didn't say that, "the conflict in Israel / Palestine is one of the longest and not one of the bloodiest conflicts on earth." I said that the imposition of the ethnocentric Zionist state in Palestine is the cause of the conflict in Israel/Palestine, and the crux of the conflict between the Middle East and the West.
If it's not particularly long and bloody, then why is it the crux as you say?
0 Replies
 
InfraBlue
 
  1  
Reply Mon 26 Dec, 2005 04:06 pm
Galilite wrote:
Again, Zionism aspired to create a state, no matter where. But where would it make sense to create a state which could serve a shelter for Jews, in your opinion?


Ideally, Zionism shouldn't have aspired to create a state, it should have fought for Ashkenazic rights within the countries where they lived, as Gandhi was later to suggest to them. The aim should have been towards human rights and civil liberties rather than the establishment of an ethnocentric state. If a state must have been created, it should have been created somewhere in the general area where the Ashkenazim lived.

Galilite wrote:
And while Ashkenazim don't have immediate roots in Israel / Palestine, the roots are generally there.


That is correct. The roots are also equally generally in Eastern and Central Europe as well.

Galilite wrote:
Would you say about Germans that Stalin sent to Kazakhstan that they are not Germans anymore?


They are Kazakhs with German ethnicity.

Galilite wrote:
Does this mean that Polish, Italian and Hungarian ideologies were racist and bigoted as well, or it goes only for the Jews?


Nineteenth century Polish, Italian and Hungarian nationalist ideologies were, to varying degrees, racist in that they tended to regard ethnicity as race. This includes the nineteenth century nationalist ideology of the Zionists.

Galilite wrote:
If it's not particularly long and bloody, then why is it the crux as you say?


It is the crux of this conflict because it established a Western, ethnocentrically bigoted state in the Middle East.
0 Replies
 
au1929
 
  1  
Reply Mon 26 Dec, 2005 05:15 pm
Facts About Israel State ZIONISM- Background


ZIONISM- Background

12 Oct 1999

ZIONISM
By Prof. Benyamin Neuberger

A MODERN RENDITION OF AN ANCIENT MOTIF

The origin of the term "Zionism" is the biblical word "Zion", often used as a synonym for Jerusalem and the Land of Israel (Eretz Yisrael). Zionism is an ideology which expresses the yearning of Jews the world over for their historical homeland - Zion, the Land of Israel.

The aspiration of returning to their homeland was first held by Jews exiled to Babylon some 2,500 years ago - a hope which subsequently became a reality. ("By the water of Babylon, there we sat down and wept when we remembered Zion." Psalms 137:1). Thus political Zionism, which coalesced in the 19th century, invented neither the concept nor the practice of return. Rather, it appropriated an ancient idea and an ongoing active movement, and adapted them to meet the needs and spirit of the times.

The core of the Zionist idea appears in Israel's Declaration of Independence (14 May 1948), which states, inter alia, that:


"The Land of Israel was the birthplace of the Jewish people. Here their spiritual, religious and political identity was shaped. Here they first attained to statehood, created cultural values of national and universal significance and gave to the world the eternal Book of Books.
After being forcible exiled from their land, the people kept faith with it throughout their dispersion and never ceased to pray and hope for their return to it and for the restoration in it of their political freedom."



HISTORICAL LINK BETWEEN THE JEWISH PEOPLE AND ITS LAND
The idea of Zionism is based on the long connection between the Jewish people and its land, a link which began almost 4,000 years ago when Abraham settled in Canaan, later known as the Land of Israel. About 1000 BCE, King David made Jerusalem the country's capital and some 40 years later, his son, King Solomon, built there the Temple to the One God, making Jerusalem the spiritual as well as the political center of the nation. Over 400 years of independence under the Davidic dynasty ended in 586 BCE when the country was conquered by the Babylonians, who destroyed the Temple and exiled most of the people. However, before the century was over the Jews returned, rebuilt the Temple and restored Jewish life in the Land. For the next centuries, they knew varying degrees of self-rule under Persian (538-333 BCE) and Hellenistic (322-142 BCE) overlordship, independence under the Hasmonean dynasty (142-63 BCE) and then increasingly oppressive domination by the Romans beginning in 63 BCE. When the Jews were prevented from carrying out their traditional religious way of life, they launched a series of uprisings, which climaxed in the revolt of 66 CE.

After four years of fighting, Rome put down the Jewish Revolt and burned the Temple to the ground. Many thousands of Jews were killed, sold into slavery and dispersed to countries near and far. The only remnant of the entire Temple compound was the Western Wall, which became a place of pilgrimage and worship for Jews, and remains so to the present time.

In 132 CE, another Jewish revolt, which restored Jewish sovereignty for three years, was cruelly suppressed, claiming thousands of lives. To stamp out the Jewish connection to the Land of Israel, the Romans renamed the country Palaestina.

The small Jewish community which remained in the Land gradually recovered. Institutional and communal life was reconstructed to meet the new situation without the unifying framework of the state and the Temple. Priests were replaced by rabbis, and in the absence of a central place of worship, the synagogue became the nucleus of each of the scattered communities.

Between 636 and 1096, the Jewish community in the Land diminished considerable and lost some of its organizational and religious cohesiveness, mainly due to increased social and economic discrimination under Arab centuries, reinforced from time to time by Jews returning from the Diaspora, the countries of their dispersion.

Aliya (Jewish immigration to the Land of Israel) from North Africa took place in 1191-1198 and a trickle of Jewish refugees from the Spanish Inquisition came in the late 15th century. Others, fleeing pogroms in the Ukraine, came in the mid-17th century. In the same century, a messianic movement arose under Shabbatai Zevi of Izmir with some it its adherents settling in the Land. They were followed in 1700 by hundreds of Hasidic Jews who arrived from Eastern Europe. The flow of aliya in the 18th and the first part of the 19th centuries was significant enough to make the Jews of Jerusalem the largest religious community in the city by 1844. Thus the great waves of Zionist immigration, which began in 1882 and continued throughout the 20th century, were preceded over the years by many small, sporadic influxes of Jews into the country.


BASIC CONCEPTS OF ZIONISM

Central to Zionist thought is the concept of the Land of Israel as the historical birthplace of the Jewish people and the belief that Jewish life elsewhere is a life of exile. Moses Hess, in his book "Roma and Jerusalem" (1844) expresses this idea:

"Two periods of time shaped the development of Jewish civilization: the first, after the liberation from Egypt, and the second, the return from Babylon. The third shall come with the redemption from the third exile."

Over centuries in the Diaspora, the Jews maintained a strong and unique relationship with their historical homeland, and manifested their yearning for Zion through rituals and literature. In prayer, the Jewish worshipper is instructed to face east, towards the Land of Israel. In the morning service, Jews say "Bring us in peace from the four corners of the earth and lead us upright to our land." Worshippers repeatedly recite, "Blessed are You, O Lord, Who builds Jerusalem," and "Blessed are You O Lord, Who returns His presence to Zion." The grace after meals includes a blessing which ends with a prayer for the rebuilding of "Jerusalem, the Holy City, speedily and in our days." In the marriage ceremony, the bridegroom seeks to "elevate Jerusalem to the forefront of our joy." At a circumcision the following is recited from the Psalms "If I forget you, O Jerusalem, may my right hand wither." On Passover, every Jew declares, "Next year in Jerusalem." At times of mourning, the bereaved are comforted with mention of the Land of Israel: "Blessed are You, O Lord, Consoler of Zion and Builder of Jerusalem." The longing of the Jewish people to return to its Land was also expressed in prose and poetry in Hebrew and in other Jewish languages, which evolved over the centuries, Yiddish in Eastern Europe and Ladino in Spain.


ANTISEMITISM AS A FACTOR IN SHAPING ZIONISM

While Zionism expresses the historical link binding the Jewish people to the Land of Israel, modern Zionism might not have arisen as an active national movement in the 19th century without contemporary antisemitism considered in a continuum of centuries of persecution.

Time and again, the Jews of Europe were persecuted and massacred, sometimes on religious grounds, sometimes for economic reasons, sometimes on social pretexts, and sometimes for national and "racial" rationales. Jews were slaughtered by the Crusaders when the latter made their way across Europe to the Holy Land (11th-12th centuries), massacred during the Black Death for allegedly poisoning wells (14th century), burned at the stake in the Spanish Inquisition (15th century) and murdered by Chmelnicki's Cossacks in the Ukraine (17th century). Hundreds of thousands of Jews were killed by the armies of Danikin and Petlura in the Russian civil war which followed World War I. The most infamous atrocity of all, the Nazi Holocaust in which some six million Jews were systematically annihilated mainly on "racial" grounds, was perpetrated by Germans, in whose country the Jews had made their most serious attempt to achieve acceptance and social assimilation.

Over the centuries, Jews were expelled from almost every European country - Germany and France, Portugal and Spain, England and Wales - a cumulative experience which had a profound impact, especially in the 19th century when Jews had abandoned hope of fundamental change in their lives. Out of this milieu came Jewish leaders who turned to Zionism as a result of the virulent antisemitism in the societies surrounding them. Thus Moses Hess, shaken by the blood libel of Damascus (1844), became the father of Zionist socialism; Leon Pinsker, shocked by the progroms (1881-1882) which followed the assassination of Czar Alexander II, assumed leadership in the Hibbat Zion movement; and Theodor Herzl, who as a journalist in Paris experienced the venomous antisemitic campaign of the Dreyfus case (1896), organized Zionism into a political movement.

The Zionist movement aimed to solve the "Jewish problem," the problem of a perennial minority, a people subjected to repeated pogroms and persecution, a homeless community whose alienism was underscored by discrimination wherever Jews settled. Zionism aspired to deal with this situation by effecting a return to the historical homeland of the Jews - Land of Israel.

In fact, most of the waves of Aliya in the modern age were in direct response to acts of murder and discrimination against Jews. The First Aliya followed pogroms in Russia in the 1880s. The Second Aliya was spurred by the Kishinev pogrom and a string of massacres in the Ukraine and Belorussia at the turn of the century. The Third Aliya occurred after the slaughter of Jews in the Russian civil war. The Fourth Aliya originated in Poland in the 1920s after the Grawski legislation infringed on Jewish economic activity. The Fifth Aliya was composed of German and Austrian Jews fleeing Nazism.

After the State of Israel was established (1948), mass immigrations were still linked to discrimination and oppression - Holocaust survivors from Europe, refugees from Arab countries escaping the persecution which followed the establishment of the state, the remnants of Polish Jewry who fled the country when antisemitism reignited at the time of Gomulka and Muzcar, and the Jews of Russia and other former Soviet republic who feared a new spasm of antisemitism with the breakup of the Soviet Union. The history of the waves of Aliya provides strong proof for the Zionist argument that a Jewish state in the Land of Israel, with a Jewish majority, is the only solution to the "Jewish problem."


RISE OF POLITICAL ZIONISM

Political Zionism, the national liberation movement of the Jewish people, emerged in the 19th century within the context of the liberal nationalism then sweeping through Europe. This era, which began with a movement in Greece to free itself from the yoke of Ottoman occupation and included national liberation movements in Ireland, Norway, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Italy and later on in the century, Turkey and India, also inspired Zionist leaders, as evidenced by many references to the national struggles of other peoples in the writings of the founders of Zionism. Liberal nationalism usually aspired to two basic goals: liberation from foreign rule, (as in the case of Poland, Greece and Ireland) and national unity in countries which had been partitioned into many political entities (Italy and Germany). Its motto was "A state for every nation, and the entire nation in one state."

Zionism synthesized the two goals, liberation and unity, by aiming to free the Jews from hostile and oppressive alien rule and to re-establish Jewish unity by gathering Jewish exiles from the four corners of the world to the Jewish homeland.

The rise of Zionism as a political movement was also a response to the failure of the Haskala, the Jewish Enlightenment, to solve the "Jewish problem." According to Zionist doctrine, the reason for this failure was that personal emancipation and equality were impossible without national emancipation and equality, since national problems require national solutions. The Zionist national solution was the establishment of a Jewish national state with a Jewish majority in the historical homeland, thus realizing the Jewish people's right to self-determination. Zionism did not consider the "normalization" of the Jewish condition contrary to universal aims and values. It advocated the right of every people on earth to its own home, and argued that only a sovereign and autonomous people could become an equal member of the family of nations.


ZIONISM: A PLURALISTIC MOVEMENT

Although Zionism was basically a political movement aspiring to a return to the Jewish homeland with freedom, independence, statehood and security for the Jewish people, it also promoted a reassertion of Jewish culture. An important element in this reawakening was the revival of Hebrew, long restricted to liturgy and literature, as a living national language, for use in government and the military, education and science, the market and the street.

Like any other nationalism, Zionism interrelated with other ideologies, resulting in the formation of Zionist currents and subcurrents. The combination of nationalism and liberalism gave birth to liberal Zionism; the integration of socialism gave rise to socialist Zionism; the blending of Zionism with deep religious faith resulted in religious Zionism; and the influence of European nationalism inspired a rightist-nationalism which also espouse various liberal, traditional, socialist (leftist) and conservative (rightist) leanings.


ZIONISM AND THE "ARAB PROBLEM"

Most of the founders of Zionism knew that Palestine (the Land of Israel) had an Arab population (though some spoke naively of "a land without a people for a people without a land") Still, only few regarded the Arab presence as a real obstacle to the fulfillment of Zionism. At that time in the late 19th century, Arab nationalism did not yet exist in any form, and the Arab population of Palestine was sparse and apolitical. Many Zionist leaders believed that since the local community was relatively small, friction between it and the returning Jews could be avoided; they were also convinced that the subsequent development of the country would benefit both peoples, thus earning Arab endorsement and cooperation. However, these hopes were not fulfilled.

Contrary to the declared positions and expectations of the Zionist idealogists who had aspired to achieve their aims by peaceful means and cooperation, the renewed Jewish presence in the Land met with militant Arab opposition. For some time many Zionists found it hard to understand and accept the depth and intensity of the dispute, which became in fact a clash between two peoples both regarding the country as their own - the Jews by virtue of their historical and spiritual connection, and the Arabs because of their centuries-long presence in the country.

The need to grapple with Arab violence towards the Jewish community and to find the appropriate response to the mounting dispute gave rise to three main approaches to the "Arab problem" within the Zionist movement: minimalism, maximalism and realism.

The minimalists held that the land belongs to both peoples; thus Zionism cannot be realized without the prior consent of the other nation. They sought a dialogue with local Arabs and rejected the Zionism establishment's approach based on negotiations with outside powers and the leaders of the Arab states. To secure a Jewish-Arab agreement, the minimalists were willing to renounce the establishment of a Jewish state and accept in its stead a binational state based on social and political parity of Jews and Arabs.

At the opposite extreme were the maximalists, who believed that the national struggle between the two peoples would have to be resolved by force. They rejected the presumption of Arab national rights in the Land of Israel, noting that the Arabs had never had a state in Palestine. They saw no need to negotiate with local Arabs, and their hope was to acquire the entire country either through diplomatic contacts with outside powers or by armed force.

The realists, who comprised the largest Zionist grouping, were dividing into liberal and socialist subgroups. The realists did not believe it possible to avert altogether a conflict with the Arabs, but thought it possible to attenuate the conflict by taking moderate positions. Like the minimalists, they favored negotiations with local Arabs and supported the development of the country for the benefit of all its inhabitants. However, they were unwilling to compromise on Zionist goals - a Jewish majority in the Land of Israel through unrestricted Aliya, and the establishment of a Jewish state. In contrast to the maximalists, they sought a dialogue with Arabs in Palestine and abroad, and were willing to consider compromises.

The socialist realist (represented most prominently by David Ben-Gurion Israel's first prime minister) based their agenda on the belief that a Jewish economy could not develop without Jewish agriculture and industry, and that without an autonomous economy there would be neither a society nor a state. Adherents of this group also advocated respect of Arab rights, and, for many years they believed that the Jewish and Arab proletariat shared a common class interest against the Jewish bourgeoisie and Arab feudalism. However, most of them eventually reached the conclusion that the struggle was one of nationalities, not of classes.

During the year 1936-47, the struggle over the Land of Israel grew more intense. Arab opposition became more extreme with the increased growth and development of the Jewish community. At the same time, the Zionist movement felt it necessary to increase immigration and develop the country's economic infrastructure, in order to save as many Jews as possible from the Nazi inferno in Europe.

The unavoidable clash between the Jews and the Arabs brought the UN to recommend, on 29 November 1947 - the establishment of two states in the area west of the Jordan River - one Jewish and one Arab. The Jews accepted the resolution; the Arabs rejected it.

On May 14, 1948, in accordance with the UN resolution of November 1947, the State of Israel was established.


ZIONISM INTO THE 21ST CENTURY

The establishment of the State of Israel marked the realization of the Zionist goal of attaining an internationally recognized, legally secured home for the Jewish people in its historic homeland, where Jews would be free from persecution and able to develop their own lives and identity.

Since 1948, Zionism has seen its task as continuing to encourage the "ingathering of the exiles" which at times has called for extraordinary efforts to rescue endangered (physically and spiritually) Jewish communities. It also strives to preserve the unity and continuity of the Jewish people as well as to focus on the centrality of Israel in Jewish life everywhere.

Down through the centuries, the wish for the restoration of the Jewish people in the Land of Israel has been a thread binding the Jewish people together. Jews everywhere accept Zionism as a fundamental tenet of Judaism, support the State of Israel as the basic realization of Zionism and are enriched culturally, socially and spiritually by the fact of Israel - a member of the family of nations and a vibrant, creative accomplishment of the Jewish spirit.
0 Replies
 
Galilite
 
  1  
Reply Tue 27 Dec, 2005 05:00 am
au1929, thanks for the article!

InfraBlue wrote:
Ideally, Zionism shouldn't have aspired to create a state, it should have fought for Ashkenazic rights within the countries where they lived, as Gandhi was later to suggest to them. The aim should have been towards human rights and civil liberties rather than the establishment of an ethnocentric state.
That's right, ideally. But in a real world - such a struggle, even if organised, would have a chance of snowball in hell to succeed. Perhaps today it might have worked. But not then.

We're talking about forcing Germany, Russia, later Poland change their laws, right? And, well, make Russia accept civil liberties... very funny.
InfraBlue wrote:
If a state must have been created, it should have been created somewhere in the general area where the Ashkenazim lived.
That would be perfect, but again would only work in a perfect world. And in a perfect world, there would be no such a problem.

Again, note that Zionists were prepared to accept any piece of land. Do you think they'ld refuse to live on rich lands with excellent infrastructure close to where they were born?
InfraBlue wrote:
Galilite wrote:
And while Ashkenazim don't have immediate roots in Israel / Palestine, the roots are generally there.
That is correct. The roots are also equally generally in Eastern and Central Europe as well.
This is true.
InfraBlue wrote:
Nineteenth century Polish, Italian and Hungarian nationalist ideologies were, to varying degrees, racist in that they tended to regard ethnicity as race. This includes the nineteenth century nationalist ideology of the Zionists.
I suppose we can agree to disagree here. I think they all simply wanted their rights which were denied of them.
InfraBlue wrote:
Galilite wrote:
If it's not particularly long and bloody, then why is it the crux as you say?
It is the crux of this conflict because it established a Western, ethnocentrically bigoted state in the Middle East.
That is, the outlying Middle Eastern states are so multicultural and liberal that they can't accept a Western bigot among them. Alright, I'll re-phrase it.

How come a not particularly long and bloody conflict is a crux of a bigger conflict?
0 Replies
 
InfraBlue
 
  1  
Reply Tue 27 Dec, 2005 10:06 pm
Galilite wrote:
We're talking about forcing Germany, Russia, later Poland change their laws, right? And, well, make Russia accept civil liberties... very funny.

We're talking about that the Ashkenazim should have fought for their rights in the countries that they were from. I suppose it is a funny thought to a cynic.

That aside, Stalin had in fact, established a Jewish Autonomous Oblast in the resource rich Amur River region as a way of dealing with the issue of Russian Ashkenazi nationalism within the larger framework of Soviet Socialism. Some Jews from around Europe and even the US and Palestine, those disillusioned with Zionism, did decide to settle there. Needless to say, it was a failure, and most of the Jews there eventually emigrated to Israel. The area's present population is comprised of less than two percent Jewish.

http://www.eao.ru/eng/?p=361

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Autonomous_Oblast

Galilite wrote:
Note that initially Zionists were looking for any spot to found a state, whether it was Uganda or even Australian outback.


Again Galilite wrote:
Again, Zionism aspired to create a state, no matter where. But where would it make sense to create a state which could serve a shelter for Jews, in your opinion?


And Again Galilite wrote:
Again, note that Zionists were prepared to accept any piece of land. Do you think they'd refuse to live on rich lands with excellent infrastructure close to where they were born?


You provide a source, and then declare something that isn't even in that source, Galilite. Where in your source, i.e. Wikipedia, does it mention the Australian Outback as an alternative Zionist land? It does mention "Uganda" (actually modern Kenya), and Argentina. Also, you misrepresent what your source says entirely.
Quote:
Initially the Zionists were looking for any spot to found a state, whether it was Uganda or even Australian outback.

Your source states that "before 1917 some (emphasis mine) Zionist leaders took seriously proposals for Jewish homelands in places other than Palestine." Theodor Herzl even considered Argentina. British cabinet ministers (again, empashis mine) suggested land in "Uganda," and Herzl, after having initially rejected the idea, proposed it to the 6th Zionist Congress "to investigate the offer as a temporary measure for Russian Jews in danger," as your source says. It goes on to further say that the idea was decisive, and that it provoked a walk out of the Russian Ashkenazim faction from the Congress meeting, and that it was dismissed at the seventh Zionist Congress in 1905. There was a faction of Zionists that broke off from the main Congress, the Jewish Territorialist Organization, that would have accepted a Jewish homeland wherever possible, but the movement was unpopular and dissolved by 1925.

Contrary to what you hold, Zionism was always centered around establishing a homeland in Palestine, with only a minority of Ashkenazim accepting of a goal to establish a homeland anywhere else.

Along with your egregious source quoting, you continue to demonstrate your predilection for straw-man arguments.

As I have already stated, I never said that the Israel/Palestine Conflict was the longest or bloodiest conflict on Earth. You then said,
Quote:
How come a not particularly long and bloody conflict is a crux of a bigger conflict?

Your question is a straw-man, Galilite. That the Israel/Palestine Conflict isn't the longest or bloodiest conflict on Earth doesn't mean that it isn't particularly long nor bloody. It has been long, and it has been bloody, and it is the crux of the conflict between the Middle East and the West.
0 Replies
 
Galilite
 
  1  
Reply Wed 28 Dec, 2005 04:59 am
InfraBlue wrote:
Galilite wrote:
We're talking about forcing Germany, Russia, later Poland change their laws, right? And, well, make Russia accept civil liberties... very funny.
We're talking about that the Ashkenazim should have fought for their rights in the countries that they were from. I suppose it is a funny thought to a cynic.
Alright. And how would a compassionate person assess their chances?

Very few of Russian rulers perceived Jews and other peoples in general as human, you say - make Russia accept civil liberties and I'm cynic after that?
InfraBlue wrote:
That aside, Stalin had in fact, established a Jewish Autonomous Oblast in the resource rich Amur River region as a way of dealing with the issue of Russian Ashkenazi nationalism within the larger framework of Soviet Socialism. Some Jews from around Europe and even the US and Palestine, those disillusioned with Zionism, did decide to settle there.
Russian Ashkenazi nationalism? American Jews in Birobidzhan? What is this, a joke???

InfraBlue, I was born in USSR and lived there for the first 15 years of my life. I never heard of Americans there, surely it'ld make a lot of noise and a great showcase for Soviet propaganda! Russian Ashkenazi nationalism in Stalin's epoch. People were afraid to emit a sound, let alone - come up with an idea not approved by the Commies.

And how did the Ashkenazi nationalism look like? I'm trying to imagine but can't come up with ideas. They probably preached those racist Hungarian ideas.
InfraBlue wrote:
Needless to say, it was a failure, and most of the Jews there eventually emigrated to Israel. The area's present population is comprised of less than two percent Jewish.
That bit is true.

InfraBlue wrote:
You provide a source, and then declare something that isn't even in that source, Galilite.
Yes, and what's wrong with this?

I never stated that all I know is in this source. Actually, I assumed you know all this stuff since you have such strong opinions about the subject - and you didn't even hear about Uganda then?

Borrowing your favourite expression, you have created a straw-man argument. But thank you for showing that I am consistent in what I state.
InfraBlue wrote:
Where in your source, i.e. Wikipedia, does it mention the Australian Outback as an alternative Zionist land?
It doesn't. But you can find it in many sources. Such as this one - an anti-Israeli Palestinian:
Quote:
In 1896 the idea of a Jewish settlement was raised and later taken up at a conference of Zionist leaders. They considered a number of possible places, including Uganda, Argentina and northern Australia...
I think someone mentioned Alaska as well, but I don't remember when and where.
InfraBlue wrote:
It does mention "Uganda" (actually modern Kenya), and Argentina. Also, you misrepresent what your source says entirely.
Quote:
Initially the Zionists were looking for any spot to found a state, whether it was Uganda or even Australian outback.

Your source states that "before 1917 some (emphasis mine) Zionist leaders took seriously proposals for Jewish homelands in places other than Palestine." Theodor Herzl even considered Argentina.
And..?

If they "weren't looking for any spot", were they able to "take proposals seriously"? Did I say "all Zionists"?
InfraBlue wrote:
Contrary to what you hold, Zionism was always centered around establishing a homeland in Palestine, with only a minority of Ashkenazim accepting of a goal to establish a homeland anywhere else.
A strange interpretation. Like you caught me on something. The Jewish Territorialist Organization at the time of the proposal were Zionists as well, weren't they? And - if these proposals were investigated on the Zionist congresses, there weren't so insignificant, right?
InfraBlue wrote:
That the Israel/Palestine Conflict isn't the longest or bloodiest conflict on Earth doesn't mean that it isn't particularly long nor bloody.
Hey, I didn't mean Earth. Even in the Middle East it is nothing special. Just a handful:
* Iran - Iraq war, 1 million casualties, 8 years
* Persecution of Druze population, since 1021 (!)
* Maronites, Druzes, Muslims in Lebanon: one big mess since XIX century
* Armenian genocide, 1 million casualties (still Middle East)
* "Black September" in Jordan, 30,000 Palestinians killed. But hey, nobody remembers, right?
* Genocide of Kurds in Iraq, 50,000 - 180,000 by different estimates
* Algeria, 100,000 killed during the 90s and God knows how many during 1950s
InfraBlue wrote:
It has been long, and it has been bloody, and it is the crux of the conflict between the Middle East and the West.
"It is a crux because it is a crux". Sounds like you have no idea how to prove it.

I say - most of the Arab leaders don't care about Israel, but they want to make it look like this. This is also a fantastic excuse to distruct the public attention from the domestic problems.
0 Replies
 
Moishe3rd
 
  1  
Reply Wed 28 Dec, 2005 01:34 pm
InfraBlue wrote:
That the Israel/Palestine Conflict isn't the longest or bloodiest conflict on Earth doesn't mean that it isn't particularly long nor bloody. It has been long, and it has been bloody, and it is the crux of the conflict between the Middle East and the West.

Could you expand on that statement - "it is the crux of the conflict between the Middle East and the West."
This seems to be the crux of your beliefs and I do not understand why.
0 Replies
 
Louise R Heller
 
  1  
Reply Wed 28 Dec, 2005 04:32 pm
Moishe3rd wrote:
InfraBlue wrote:
That the Israel/Palestine Conflict isn't the longest or bloodiest conflict on Earth doesn't mean that it isn't particularly long nor bloody. It has been long, and it has been bloody, and it is the crux of the conflict between the Middle East and the West.

Could you expand on that statement - "it is the crux of the conflict between the Middle East and the West."
This seems to be the crux of your beliefs and I do not understand why.


Moishe

This is not a matter of belief.

It is a matter of FACT.

Ample supporting evidence available to all!!!
0 Replies
 
au1929
 
  1  
Reply Wed 28 Dec, 2005 05:27 pm
InfraBlue wrote:
That the Israel/Palestine Conflict isn't the longest or bloodiest conflict on Earth doesn't mean that it isn't particularly long nor bloody. It has been long, and it has been bloody, and it is the crux of the conflict between the Middle East and the West.

Based on that learned statement I guess the installation of the Shah in Iran by the US and his subsequent removal and the embassy hostages was the result of the Jewish State. Or the marines being killed in Beirut was or Saddam coming to power was or Saddam"s killing and torture was or The Russians invading Afghanistan was or the Iraq/Iran war or the civil war in Lebanon was or, or or. Iam sure you get the picture and I am just as sure you will not see it thru the fog of your bias.
The conflict stems from a clash of cultures and religion.
0 Replies
 
au1929
 
  1  
Reply Wed 28 Dec, 2005 05:46 pm
JIHADI TERRORISM: RIDICULOUS EXPLANATIONS, COMPLEX SOLUTIONS

http://www.middleeastinfo.org/commentary.php?id=2133
0 Replies
 
Moishe3rd
 
  1  
Reply Wed 28 Dec, 2005 06:28 pm
Louise_R_Heller wrote:
Moishe3rd wrote:
InfraBlue wrote:
That the Israel/Palestine Conflict isn't the longest or bloodiest conflict on Earth doesn't mean that it isn't particularly long nor bloody. It has been long, and it has been bloody, and it is the crux of the conflict between the Middle East and the West.

Could you expand on that statement - "it is the crux of the conflict between the Middle East and the West."
This seems to be the crux of your beliefs and I do not understand why.


Moishe

This is not a matter of belief.

It is a matter of FACT.

Ample supporting evidence available to all!!!

Then, in turn, could I ask you to expand on this "matter of FACT?"
Could you discuss some of the "ample supporting evidence available to all?"
Again, I do not understand why you claim this. Please help me understand.
0 Replies
 
Moishe3rd
 
  1  
Reply Wed 28 Dec, 2005 08:32 pm
au1929 wrote:
JIHADI TERRORISM: RIDICULOUS EXPLANATIONS, COMPLEX SOLUTIONS

http://www.middleeastinfo.org/commentary.php?id=2133

au,
I just want to thank you for linking to this piece. It is one of the most useful writings that I have read regarding today's problems with Islamic fascism.
The writer actually offers practical soluttions.
Thank you.
0 Replies
 
Galilite
 
  1  
Reply Thu 29 Dec, 2005 04:04 am
Moishe3rd wrote:
Louise_R_Heller wrote:
It is a matter of FACT.

Ample supporting evidence available to all!!!

Then, in turn, could I ask you to expand on this "matter of FACT?"
I join Moishe's request. If possible, figures please.
0 Replies
 
 

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