Timothy Snyder talks about the politics of inevitability and the politics of eternity:
Ukraine and the problem of “futurelessness”
Historian Timothy Snyder on the war in Ukraine and the future of democracy.
(quote)
The politics of inevitability is the idea that history is inexorably moving towards a certain future. For example, the idea that the world is automatically becoming more democratic and liberal, and we can just sit back and watch it happen. This was quite common after the Soviet empire was relatively peacefully destroyed by its own subjects, and some declared “the end of history.”
Of course, history is not predictable and isn’t moving towards an ultimate goal, and positive political principles don’t just spread and establish themselves. If we don’t defend them, we can see them fail. This happened, tragically, in Nazi Germany of the 1930s, and is a potential danger everywhere, in any time.
If we invest in the idea of the inevitable and it fails, we can be disappointed, lose faith, and become vulnerable to the idea of the politics of eternity. This is the cynical view that nothing ever really changes, we can’t improve our world, but maybe we can further our own situation by following a charismatic leader who promises to return our reality to some nostalgic mythical golden age (Nazi Germany again, Russia under late Putinism, or Making America Great Again). It may turn out to be someone that promises to make us feel better by defining some scapegoat other, and harming them.
For the compete essay:
https://www.vox.com/2022/6/21/23165718/vox-conversations-ukraine-russia-timothy-snyder-democracy