HI George,
Cantonese is quite different to Mandarin which is the official language of China. They did have a vote many years ago on which dialect would be the offical language, and Canonese narrowly lost to Mandarin, but there are many more.
Even with Mandarin alone there is more than one way to Romanize the language, with Pinying and the Wade Romanization being the most popular. It is also possible to study Chinese using a phonetic system called Bo Po Mo Fo which is quite easy to learn
BoPoMoFo