Able2know mimics life.
Hazing rituals have long been a brutal secret among high school and college sport teams. But in the #MeToo era, can teenage victims shatter the code of silence?
*This story includes some graphic descriptions of sexual assault*
When Allison Brookman arrived at Reed Custer High School to pick up her 14-year-old son Anthony from American football camp, she knew something was wrong.
"You can kind of tell when your kid is hurt or sad," she told the BBC.
"When I pulled up, I saw that same look in his face, that he was hurt."
After some needling from his mother, he admitted he had just been "jumped" by four senior football players.
But it wasn't until she took him to hospital to have his injuries examined that she heard what had really happened - that Anthony had been beaten up and sexually assaulted by members of the team as part of a violent hazing ritual.
"The first guy who slapped me twice and knocked me down, he kicked me in my right side on my ribs," Anthony told CBS in an interview.
"While the fourth one took my shorts off and they pulled my legs up so that he could get his finger to my, you know, body part."
Allison says when they heard this in the hospital examining room, she and her husband were stricken with horror.
"They didn't just beat you up, they tried fondling you?" she recalls asking.
"At that point my son looked at us and said 'don't worry mom, don't worry dad, they didn't get in me.'"
"That was probably the breaking point for both of us."
Now the family is suing the Reed-Custer Community Unit School District 255 in Braidwood, Illinois, claiming it failed to prevent the sexual assault and for allegedly not properly responding to the incident once they became aware.
Superintendent Mark Mitchell defends the schools actions and says the players were punished "according to the terms of the School District's Athletic Code of Conduct." The school is defending the legal action.
Three of the alleged attackers have also been charged as juveniles with aggravated battery. They are not named as they were minors at the time of the incident.
As their case winds through the courts, other eerily-similar incidents have also come to light. In Maryland, four 15-year-old members of the Damascus High School junior varsity football team are accused of raping a younger teammate with a broomstick as part of a hazing ritual, and trying to rape others.
Prosecutors have told in chilling detail how the alleged attackers cornered four freshmen teammates in the locker room.
"It's time," one of them said before they ganged up on the first victim, holding him down and sodomising him with the broom handle.
They are being tried as adults. A fifth suspect is being charged as a juvenile.
And in the Canadian city of Toronto, seven 14- and 15-year-old football players from St Michael's College School are facing charges of gang sex assault related to three separate hazing incidents.
In one incident, a video allegedly showing a teammate being penetrated by a broom was shared online.
These high-profile cases of sexual assault have reignited the call to end hazing in sports. And in the #MeToo era, many former victims are coming out to share their story.
Hazing is when members of a group deliberately embarrass or harm new or prospective members as part of a rite of passage, or initiation into the group.
"These are powerful forces that we're talking about, wanting to belong and wanting to be a part of a community," says Jay Johnson, an expert on hazing on sports teams who teaches at the University of Manitoba.
Hazing rituals can run the gamut from relatively benign - forcing team members to carry the gear to matches, or chant silly songs on campus - to extreme forms of bullying, including physical and sexual abuse.
It has been most commonly associated with university fraternities and sororities and athletic clubs, but high school groups are not immune. A 2000 survey by Alfred University found that about half of high school students reported participating in activities that qualified as hazing - while only 14% identified as being hazed.
In the US, 44 states have banned hazing.
In Canada, many universities and sport organisations have anti-hazing policies, though no federal law specifically targets the practice. Like in the St Michael's incident, police have often relied on assault laws when laying charges in hazing cases.
In the UK, the Rugby Football Union, the sport's governing body, has said initiations at university clubs are putting people off wanting to continue playing.
It claimed the traditions are partly to blame for an estimated 10,000 school leavers who recently stopped playing.
Most students who have been hazed have trouble realising they were, says Johnson, in part because a lot of the activities may seem harmless and like they were "just being a part of a team".
But hazing can turn sinister, and the practice leads to several deaths a year, often from alcohol intoxication.
Sexualised hazing is also fairly common, says Johnson.
From Texas to Australia, there have been reports of ritual sex assault on school sports teams for years.
A 2017 investigation by the Associated Press found 70 cases of teammate-on-teammate sexual assaults in US public schools between 2012-2017, which it called "the tip of the iceberg".
The cases are shocking both in their violence and their similarity, often featuring some variation of older teammates sodomising victims with anything from a fist, to a Gatorade bottle to the nozzle of a carbon-dioxide tank.
Earlier this year, an organisation called End Rape on Campus released a report saying that orientation week at Australian Universities is called "The Red Zone" by sexual assault support workers due to the combination of assaults, hazing rituals, and excessive alcohol consumption.
Sometimes all it takes is one bad apple to push a team to commit sexual assault, Johnson says.
"All it takes is that one person in power, or at the top of the hierarchy... a veteran player who came in who was a bit on the sadistic side, who pushes that boundary of what it can become," he says.
But hazing rituals usually stem from a toxic team culture, he says.
Traditions are passed down from year-to-year, and today's aggressors were often last year's victims. Often, coaches and other authorities turn a blind eye, Johnson says.
In their lawsuit, the Brookmans blame the school for allowing the hazing to fester on the team until it escalated to their son's assault. They also blame the school for allegedly not protecting their son from bullying after the incident.
Allison says Anthony was harassed every day by fellow students who called him a "rat". Meanwhile, she says, the alleged attackers only received a three-day game suspension.
It was the lack of action, she says, that led the family to sue.
"We just wanted to do our best to let our son see that he was somebody who was worth fighting for," she says.
Anthony now goes to a different school, and is seeing a therapist. The head coach resigned from the team, although he is still a teacher at the school.
Superintendant Mitchell says the student-athletes were disciplined according to school guidelines. He says he is not legally allowed to comment on individual disciplinary cases.
"We intend to vigorously defend these baseless allegations and protect the reputation of our fine School District and its staff," he said in a written statement.
In Toronto, the hazing allegations led to the resignation of school principal Greg Reeves and school president Father Jefferson Thompson.
Several alumni critiqued what they claim was the elite school's culture of "toxic masculinity" and claimed it had a "code of silence", especially once it was revealed that Principal Reeves did not immediately report the video of the alleged sexual assault.
He said that he did so the next day, after first helping the victim to tell his parents, because caring for the victim had been his first priority.
"This is a great school, and the majority of the teachers are great people. Where was the oversight? Like, what's going on with your teams? What is the mentality here? … There's a code of silence at the school," a parent told Postmedia news outlet.
The Brookman's story, and the sexual assault cases in Maryland and Toronto, have come to light during an era of public reckoning about sexual violence.
From Hollywood to the Supreme Court, victims have come forward to describe how powerful institutions silenced them to protect their attackers.
Johnson says he believes the attention that is being paid to Anthony's case, and the sexual assault charges laid in Maryland and in Toronto, show that people are beginning to think differently about hazing.
"I actually have hope that this might sort of be the flashpoint, for opening up the floodgates, similar to what happened to the #MeToo movement," Johnson says.
"That more people might start to come forward and feel empowered to share their stories."
There are signs that is starting to happen. In Toronto, prominent NHL players have revealed they were victims of sexual hazing while playing in junior ice hockey leagues, as have some alumni of St Michael's.
Ultimately, that is why Anthony agreed to tell his story on the nightly news.
"You see a lot of hazing on TV, but that's all it is, it's the news reporter maybe talking with the other news reporter and a picture of the school," Allison recalls her son telling her.
"Nobody ever steps forward, I want people to actually see my face and see what people did to me."
Mother alleges hazing at sorority in lawsuit over daughter's suicide
A mother is suing both the chapter and individual students who were members.
By Meghan Keneally, Jan 10, 2019
The mother of a college basketball player who committed suicide is now suing one of the school's sororities, saying that alleged hazing contributed to her daughter's depression.
Jordan Hankins was a 19-year-old sophomore at Northwestern University when she was found dead in her dorm room in January 2017.
Her mother, Felicia Hankins, is suing Alpha Kappa Alpha and two of their chapters -- Gamma Chi, which is an undergraduate chapter, and Delta Chi Omega, which is the graduate chapter, both at Northwestern -- as well as nine individuals who are in the leadership of those chapters or now-former students who were in the chapters at the time of Jordan Hankins' death.
The lawsuit does not go into detailed explanations of the alleged abuse but claims Jordan Hankins was "subjected to hazing, including physical and mental harm."
"While post-initiation pledging, Jordan Hankins was subjected to physical abuse including paddling, verbal abuse, mental abuse, financial exploitation, sleep deprivation, items being thrown and dumped on her, and other forms of hazing intended to humiliate and demean her," the suit states.
Alpha Kappa Alpha was suspended from Northwestern's campus in May 2017, but specific details about the reason for the suspension were not disclosed. It may be allowed to return to campus in the fall, but it "must meet several criteria for that to happen," a Northwestern spokesperson told ABC News.
Northwestern is not named as a party in the lawsuit, which was filed in the Eastern Division of the Northern District of Illinois on Tuesday, but a school spokesperson confirmed in a statement that the sorority "has been and continues to be suspended from the University."
"Northwestern remains deeply saddened by the death of Jordan Hankins two years ago, and we continue to send our kindest thoughts and condolences to her friends and family," the spokesman's statement said, before acknowledging the suit and noting they will not be commenting further because the matter is in litigation.
ABC News' requests for comment from Alpha Kappa Alpha were not immediately returned.
Felicia Hankins' attorney Brandon Vaughn released a statement on the family's behalf, calling it "critical" to hold the sorority and those responsible "accountable."
"Jordan Hankins was at the prime of her life and seeking to join an organization she believed was dedicated to sisterhood and personal and professional development. Instead, as a condition of her membership, it is alleged she was subjected to severe physical and mental abuse by members of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority," the statement reads. "Despite repeated warnings that the hazing was triggering Hankins’ anxiety and depression, we allege that AKA failed to take action to stop the abuse, resulting in Hankins taking her own life."
The suit states that “Jordan Hankins communicated to members of AKA sorority, including individually named defendants, that the hazing was triggering her PTSD, causing severe anxiety and depression and that she was having suicidal thoughts.”
Two years ago, on January 21, 2017, people of all backgrounds--women and men and gender nonconforming people, young and old, of diverse faiths, differently abled, immigrants and indigenous--came together, 5 million strong, on all seven continents of the world.
On January 19, 2019, we march again. The theme for the 2019 Women's Marches around the world is ENDING VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that 1 in 3 women worldwide has experienced either physical or sexual intimate partner violence or non-partner sexual violence in their lifetime.
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The interim president of Michigan State University has resigned after he said victims of a major sex abuse scandal were "enjoying" the attention.
John Engler, who was appointed a year ago, said gymnasts who were abused by ex-team doctor Larry Nassar were "hanging on" to the scandal.
He made the remarks in an interview with the Detroit News last week and was roundly criticised.
Nassar has been sentenced to more than 300 years for molesting young gymnasts.
The former Olympic doctor was convicted last year on hundreds of counts of abuse at USA Gymnastics and Michigan State University.
The head of USA Gymnastics and the president of Michigan State University both resigned in the wake of the scandal.
"There are a lot of people who are touched by this, survivors who haven't been in the spotlight," Mr Engler said in the interview with the Detroit News.
"In some ways they have been able to deal with this better than the ones who've been in the spotlight who are still enjoying that moment at times, you know, the awards and recognition," he added.
The former state governor delivered his resignation letter to the university's Board of Trustees on Wednesday night.
He said that several members of the board had asked him to resign.
"When I arrived I found a university in crisis," he wrote. "Disclosures of sexual abuse by... Larry Nassar had made MSU a troubled institution."
"The bottom line is that MSU is a dramatically better, stronger institution than a year ago," he added.
Last year, the university agreed to pay $500m (£371m) in compensation to the athletes who were abused by Nassar.
According to the lawyers, $425m will be paid to the claimants, and another $75m would be set aside for any future allegations against Nassar, 54, and the university
A man convicted of killing his wife is now believed to have murdered his defence lawyer, with whom he had been having an affair, before taking his own life on Friday.
Jose Javier Salvador Calvo, 50, jumped from a bridge in the eastern town of Teruel when police confronted him.
The case has shocked Spain, prompting debate about domestic violence laws.
Reacting to the deaths, Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez vowed to continue tackling violence against women.
His tweet is seen as a retort to Vox, a far-right party influential in the southern region of Andalusia that wants to halt legal aid for women beaten by men, saying it unfairly favours the woman.
YouTube star Hbomberguy has raised a whopping $200,000 (£155,000) for Mermaids, a charity supporting transgender children and teenagers ‘to spite’ Father Ted creator Graham Linehan. When Mermaids was awarded a fund from the National Lottery, Graham urged people to oppose it, describing the charity as pushing an ‘extreme ideological agenda.’ Enter Hbomberguy – real name Harry Brewis. The YouTube star, who has a following of more than 300,000, followed in the steps of Dr Lupo and took to Twitch. Because how else would you raise money other than playing Donkey Kong?
The stream has been continuing for upwards of 40 hours and Harry and his fans have raised more than $200,000 (£155,000) for the charity. In a video, the streamer explained: ‘I chose to support [Mermaids] because as a person living in Britain, I find the media discussion around this issue to be woefully misinformed, and I’d like to do my bit to help support the people who do the hard work of contributing to people’s thinking on an issue.’
The YouTuber added: ‘I chose Mermaids specifically, because when they were designated some funding via the National Lottery, Graham Linehan, a comedy writer who did some work on a good show 20 years ago, a very normal man who is very angry about trans people all day nowadays, went on Mumsnet and told them to email the National Lottery en masse.
Well done, Graham… now, tons of people know about Mermaids, and support them just to spite you!’ Ouch. Mermaids thanked the YouTube star, writing on Twitter: ‘Thank you to everyone who has donated and supported this amazing spontaneous event Watch @Hbomberguy online now as he tries to finish Donkey Kong 64 and raise TWO HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS for trans kids!’
It comes after fellow Twitch star Dr Lupo raised $1.3 million (£1 million) for a children’s hospital – largely with a huge Fortnite stream. The 31-year-old – real name Benjamin Lupo – hosted a 24 hour Fortnite stream, titled #BuildAgainstCancer, which allowed fans to control his gameplay. Who says the internet can’t be used for good?