@giujohn,
He was no communist; he frequently denounced communism. But it's probably fair to say he was a socialist - of sorts, in any case. No Marxist - he critiqued what he saw as the flaws in Marx's thinking more than once too. But a christian socialist, perhaps; a democratic socialist; or at least a social-democrat. Someone, in any case, who as he once put it looked for "a higher synthesis that combines the truths of both" communism and capitalism.
Some relevant MLK quotes:
Quote:I imagine you already know that I am much more socialistic in my economic theory than capitalistic. [T]oday capitalism has outlived its usefulness. It has brought about a system that takes necessities from the masses to give luxuries to the classes
(
Letter to Coretta, 1952)
Quote:That doesn't only apply on the race issue, it applies on the class question. You know, sometimes a class system can be as vicious and evil as a system based on racial injustice
(
Speech in Atlanta, 1965)
Quote:Call it democracy, or call it democratic socialism, but there must be a better distribution of wealth within this country for all God’s children.
(1965
speech to the Negro American Labor Council)
Quote:[A]fter Selma and the voting rights bill, we moved into a new era, which must be the era of revolution. We must recognize that we can’t solve our problem now until there is a radical redistribution of economic and political power
(
Speech at SCLC retreat, 1967)
Quote:True compassion is more than flinging a coin to a beggar. It comes to see that an edifice which produces beggars needs restructuring. A true revolution of values will soon look uneasily on the glaring contrast of poverty and wealth with righteous indignation. It will look across the seas and see individual capitalists of the West investing huge sums of money in Asia, Africa and South America, only to take the profits out with no concern for the social betterment of the countries, and say, "This is not just."
(
Speech in New York City, 1967)
Quote:These are revolutionary times. All over the globe men are revolting against old systems of exploitation and oppression, and out of the wounds of a frail world, new systems of justice and equality are being born. The shirtless and barefoot people of the land are rising up as never before. [..] We in the West must support these revolutions. It is a sad fact that because of comfort, complacency, a morbid fear of communism, and our proneness to adjust to injustice, the Western nations that initiated so much of the revolutionary spirit of the modern world have now become the arch antirevolutionaries. This has driven many to feel that only Marxism has a revolutionary spirit.
(Same speech in New York City, 1967)
Quote:[W]e must honestly face the fact that the movement must address itself to the question of restructuring the whole of American society. There are forty million poor people here, and one day we must ask the question, "Why are there forty million poor people in America?" And when you begin to ask that question, you are raising a question about the economic system, about a broader distribution of wealth. When you ask that question, you begin to question the capitalistic economy. [..]
We are called upon to help the discouraged beggars in life's marketplace. But one day we must come to see that an edifice which produces beggars needs restructuring. It means that questions must be raised. And you see, my friends, when you deal with this you begin to ask the question, "Who owns the oil?" You begin to ask the question, "Who owns the iron ore?" You begin to ask the question, "Why is it that people have to pay water bills in a world that's two-thirds water?" These are words that must be said.
(
Speech at the SCLC Convention, 1967)
These are thoughts that any socialist would echo, but they stemmed from his religious beliefs as much as from his political ones. In a 1966 speech to SCLC staff he explained: "I believe that God made it all. I believe that God made the coal. I believe that the gasoline that goes in my automobile is there because God made it, and I believe firmly that the earth is the Lord's and the fullness thereof. I don't think it belongs to Mr. Rockefeller. I don't think it belongs to Mr. Ford. I think the earth is the Lord's, and since we didn't make these things ourselves, we must share them with each other. And I think this is the only way we are going to solve the basic problems and the restructuring of our society which I think is so desperately needed." He'd hardly have been the first christian socialist though.
I also found this quote from 1967, but couldn't track down an original (or reliable secondary) source:
Quote:In a sense, you could say we are engaged in a class struggle, yes. It will be a long and difficult struggle, for our program calls for a redistribution of economic power
Looking for this kind of MLK quotes, context counts though. For example, you might come across this one, attributed to that 1966 speech to SCLC staff:
Quote:There must be better distribution of wealth and maybe America must move toward a democratic socialism.
Which is what he felt, but
the fuller context of this quote (p.19) is about him emphasizing that this did not make him a Marxist or a communist:
Quote:I am not going to allow anybody to put me in the bind of making me say, every time I said there must be better distribution of wealth and maybe America must move toward a democratic socialism, [that] I am saying that we must be communist or Marxist
That's right, though: favouring democratic socialism doesn't need to make one a Marxist, much less a communist.