the day in the history

July 11th

1804 - Aaron Burr shot Alexander Hamilton to death in their famous duel. Samuel Broadhurst, a relative of Burr's, had tried to negotiate a settlement between the two, but Burr offered the challenge and the duel ensued. Burr won by drawing first blood with his swift sword, a gun, in this case. (Kids: please don't try this at home. Thank you...)
1914 - Babe Ruth debuted in the major leagues with the Boston Red Sox. Ruth made $2,900 his rookie season. Just six years later, his paycheck was worth $125,000 when he became a member of the New York Yankees.

1916 - One of America's great race horses died. Dan Patch was the celebrated horse that had never lost a race. He first became known for promoting his owner's feed company in Savage, Minnesota. Interestingly, Mr. Savage died several days after his beloved trotter died.

1918 - Enrico Caruso bypassed opera for a short time to join the war (WWI) effort. Caruso recorded Over There, the patriotic song written by George M. Cohan.

1934 - The first appointments to the newly created Federal Communications Commission were made. The governing body of the American broadcasting industry was first served by seven men named as commissioners.

1950 - Boston Red Sox slugger Ted Williams suffered a broken elbow during the All-Star baseball game in Chicago.

1955 - The first class of 306 cadets was sworn in at Lowry Air Force Base, Denver, Colorado, the temporary home of the U.S. Air Force Academy. A bill establishing the Academy had been signed by President Eisenhower on April 1, 1954. The Cadet Wing moved to the academy's permanent home north of Colorado Springs, CO in 1958.

1964 - 18-year-old Millie Small was riding high on the pop music charts with My Boy Lollipop (#2, 7/04/64). Listen carefully to the tune and you'll hear Rod Stewart playing harmonica. Millie Small was known as the 'Blue Beat Girl' in Jamaica, her homeland.

1967 - Kenny Rogers formed The First Edition just one day after he and members Thelma Camacho, Mike Settle and Terry Williams left The New Christy Minstrels. The First Edition hosted a syndicated TV variety show in 1972. Hits made popular by the group include: Just Dropped In (To See What Condition My Condition Was In), But You Know I Love You, Ruby, Don't Take Your Love to Town, Ruben James, and Something's Burning.

1970 - Ron Clarke of Australia announced his retirement from track competition. He retired, however, for just a few weeks.

1973 - Tennis stars Billie Jean King and Bobby Riggs announced their forthcoming (September, 1973) Battle of the Sexes. The winner would take home $100,000. The event would be staged at the Houston Astrodome in Texas (before 30,472 spectators, as it turned out; the largest crowd ever for a tennis match) and broadcast on national TV. Who would win? Hint: The female sex.

1985 - Zippers for stitches were announced by Dr. H. Harlan Stone. The surgeon had used zippers on 28 patients whom he thought might require additional operations because of internal bleeding following initial operations. The zippers, which lasted between five and 14 days, were then replaced with permanent stitches.

1985 - Nolan Ryan of the Houston Astros became the first major-league pitcher to earn 4,000 strikeouts in a career as he led the Astros to a 4-3 win over the New York Mets. Danny Heep, formerly of the Astros, gave Ryan his milestone by fanning on three straight pitches.

1987 - Bo Jackson signed a $7.4 million contract to play football for the LA Raiders for five years. Jackson became a two-sport player as he continued to play baseball with the Kansas City Royals.

July 11th

1921 Mongolia gains independence from China (National Day)
On this day, after Soviet troops were deployed in Outer Mongolia, the People's Government of Mongolia was formed with the Jebtsundamba Khutughtu as limited monarch. On July 12th of that year, the Mongols requested that the Bolsheviks keep their troops in Mongolia, to which the Bolsheviks agreed and complied on August 10, 1921. On September 14th of that year, the new People's Government of Mongolia declared independence, and refused to recognize the suzerainty of China. Currently this event is celebrated as Mongolian National Day. In the capital of Ulan Bator, activities include the "Three Manly Sports:" wrestling, archery, and horse racing.

July 11th - Canada

1990 QPP CONSTABLE KILLED AT OKA
Oka (Kanesetake) Quebec - Corporal Marcel Lemay, a 31 year old constable, killed during gun battle as 100 members of La Sûreté du Québec attack Mohawk barricades, put up in March to block expansion of a golf course on land they claim was never signed away. Mohawks at Chateauguay (Kahnawake) set up sympathy blockade at Mercier bridge leading into Montreal, causing massive traffic jams for thousands of south shore commuters.

1896 Also On This Day...
Ottawa Ontario - Wilfrid Laurier 1841-1919 sworn in as Canada's 7th Prime Minister, succeeding Charles Tupper; Canada's first French-speaking Prime Minister; to Oct. 6, 1911; MP Drummond-Arthabaska 1874-1877, Quebec East 1877-1919; Liberal Party Leader 1887-1919; Leader of the Opposition 1887-1896, 1911-1919.

In Other Events....
1992 New York City - Céline Dion's 'If You Asked Me To' peaks at #4 on the pop singles chart.
1991 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia - Nationair charter jet crashes in Saudi Arabia killing all 261 on board, including 14 Canadian crew members.
1991 Washington DC - American trade representative Carla Hills says North American free-trade deal will not endanger auto pact or harm Canadian culture.
1989 Dover England - Canadian marathoner Vicki Keith, from Kingston, Ontario, becomes the first person to swim the English Channel using the butterfly stroke; .
1984 Canada - Canadian dollar sinks to US74.86¢, an all-time low to that date.
1980 L'Anse aux Meadows, Newfoundland - UNESCO unveils plaque at L'Anse aux Meadows, declaring Viking ruins First World Heritage Site; first Europeans known to visit North America landed there c950.
1974 Washington DC - US starts anti-dumping action against Canada for eggs shipped to the States.
1968 Ottawa Ontario - Canadian university presidents meet to discuss campus unrest; 40 presidents.
1967 Sudbury Ontario - Canadian Pacific inaugurates first major unit train, shipping 3,700 tons of sulfuric acid from Copper Cliff to CIL in Sarnia.
1960 Resolute Bay, NWT - Northwest Territories Council holds first session at Resolute Bay; most northerly point for any legislative meeting.
1944 Caen, France - Guy Simonds, 2nd Canadian Corps, takes over operational command of the 2nd Canadian Armoured Brigade, 2nd Canadian Infantry Division and Rd Canadian Infantry Division in Normandy.
1940 England - Petty Officer D. A. Hewitt first Canadian killed in the Battle of Britain.
1936 Manitoba - Manitoba experiences its hottest day on record - 44.4 degrees Celsius.
1924 Ottawa Ontario - Canada signs trade agreement with Netherlands.
1917 Ottawa Ontario - Arthur Meighen 1874-1960 introduces Conscription Act; splits Opposition into Conscription Liberals and Laurier Liberals; Solicitor General.
1911 Toronto Ontario - Founding of the Canadian Professional Golfers Association.
1911 Cobalt Ontario - Huge forest fire breaks out in Porcupine district near Timmins, fanned by high winds into a 40 km long front, the fire takes 200 lives; over 3,000 left homeless; burns up 2200 sq. km, destroying the mining communities of South Porcupine, Cochrane and Goldlands.
1906 Ottawa Ontario - Senate passes the Lord's Day Act; supported by Protestant and Roman Catholic churches and labor groups; struck down by Supreme Court of Canada in 1985.
1896 Halifax Nova Scotia - William S. Fielding 1848-1929 retires as Premier of Nova Scotia to become Minister of Finance in the Laurier government; former anti-Confederation repealer.
1889 Kingston Ontario - Premiere of opera entitled 'Leo, the Royal Cadet', at Martin's Opera House under the patronage of the Royal Military College.
1838 Kingston Ontario - John Lambton, Lord Durham 1792-1840 reaches Kingston to begin week-long visit to Upper Canada.
1873 Cypress Hills, Alberta - American whisky traders massacre group of Assiniboines; Cypress Hills Massacre forces the Government to send police to the Canadian West.
1814 Eastport Maine - John Sherbrooke 1764-1830 captures Eastport, Maine, with a force from Halifax; later Castine and Machias.
1776 Portsmouth England - Captain James Cook sets sail on his third and last voyage with the HMS. Resolution and HMS Discovery, to seek a North-West Passage round the north coast of America from the Pacific; makes first for Tasmania, then New Zealand and Tahiti, then turns north, arriving along the Oregon Coast by March 1778; on March 29, 1778, they reach Nootka Sound (named King George's Sound by Cook) and drop anchor; they stay for a month, repairing the ships and trading with the local Nootka people, then go north on April 26, 1778; they fail to find a passage; nine months later Cook is killed on a Hawaiian beach.
1750 Halifax, Nova Scotia - Fire almost completely destroys newly-established community of Halifax.
1616 Quebec Quebec - Samuel de Champlain c1570-1635 arrives back in Quebec.
1603 Tadoussac Quebec - Samuel de Champlain c1570-1635 gets back to Tadoussac and departs with Grave du Pont to Gaspé; hears Prévert's comments on Acadian minerals.
1576 Greenland - Martin Frobisher c1539-1594 sights Greenland but cannot land because of ice and fog; storm causes the Michael to turn back.

1998: Children die in Drumcree protests


Three young brothers are murdered in a loyalist arson attack as the stand-off between Orangemen and police at Drumcree continues.



1986: Orange Parade sparks riots in Northern Ireland
Dozens are injured in the second consecutive night of violence in Portadown, County Armagh.



1974: Shankly quits Liverpool
The manager of Liverpool football club, Bill Shankly, is retiring from his post.



2000: British-backed dam threatens ancient lifestyle
The British Foreign Office is severely criticised over plans to back a new dam in Turkey.

1985: Live Aid makes millions for Africa

The Live Aid concert for the starving in Africa has raised triple the £10m expected.

Photo of a policeman outside Holloway Prison 1955: Woman hanged for killing lover
Convicted murderer Ruth Ellis is hanged at Holloway Prison, London.

A miilitary band plays at the state funeral of those killed in the attempted coup 1971: Death for Moroccan rebel leaders
Ten army officers involved in an aborted coup in Morocco have been executed.

Photo of Andrew Kernan who was killed by police marksmen 2001: Family demand inquiry into police shooting
The family of a mentally ill man shot dead by police in Liverpool last night has demanded a public inquiry.

Manchester 2000 Olympic logo 1993: Green light for Manchester Olympics
Officials in Manchester bidding to hold the 2000 Olympic Games have been told their chances are "very, very high".

1958: Coup in Iraq sparks jitters in Middle East

A military revolt in Iraq overthrows the monarchy and prompts King Hussein of Jordan to call for British and US military help to avert a similar rebellion in his country.

Photograph of British military convoy in Northern Iraq 1991: UK forces withdraw from Kurdish haven
British troops protecting the Kurdish population in Iraq have begun to pull out of the region.

Car in which Michael Bassett died 1971: Suicide note reveals murder confession
Police in Cheshire call off the hunt for the murderer of three French tourists after another body is found.

Photograph of a dancer in the Bastille Day parade 1989: Paris in 200-year-old revolutionary fervour
About 500 people are involved in scuffles as Parisians celebrate the bicentenary of the French Revolution.

The crisis talks 2001: NI agreement stalls in Staffordshire
Six days of crisis talks to save the Northern Ireland peace process end in deadlock.

1832 Henry Schoolcraft discovered the source of the Mississippi River in Minnesota.

1835 John Ruggles received patent #1 from the U.S. Patent Office for a traction wheel used in locomotive steam engines. All 9,957 previous patents were not numbered.

1941 Britain and the Soviet Union signed a mutual aid pact that provided the means for Britain to send war materials to the Soviet Union.

1967 Race-related rioting broke out in Newark, NJ. At the end of four days of violence, 27 people had been killed.

1971 The Army of Morocco executed ten leaders accused of leading a revolt.

1978 Lee Iacocca was fired as president of Ford Motor Co., by chairman Henry Ford II.

1998 "Image of an Assassination" went on sale. The video documentary was of Abraham Zapruder's home video of U.S. President Kennedy's assassination in Dallas.

1998 Four young cousins in Gallup, NM, died after becoming trapped in a car trunk.

2000 The United States and Vietnam signed a major trade agreement. The pact still needed to be approved by the U.S. Congress.

2000 Sprint Corp. and WorldCom canceled their planned merger due to opposition by regulators in the United States and Europe.

1997: Versace murdered on his doorstep

Italian fashion designer Gianni Versace is shot dead on the steps of his Miami mansion.

Euston Station 1966: Euston staff 'colour bar' ended
A West Indian refused a job at Euston Station will now be employed there after managers overturn a ban on black workers.

Hunter drags dead seal across beach 1971: Seals shot by government decree
The British Government endorses a cull of baby seals in the Wash.

Speed camera in London 2000: Police camera action violates human rights
Two men caught on camera for dangerous driving escape prosecution in a landmark case.

1881 William H. Bonney Jr., alias Billy the Kid, was killed by Sheriff Pat Garrett. He was 21 years old.
1911 Harry N. Atwood landed an airplane on the lawn of the White House to accept an award from U.S. President William Taft.
1933 All German political parties except the Nazi Party were outlawed.
1946 Dr. Benjamin Spock's, The Common Sense Book of Baby and Child Care, was first published.
1965 The American space probe, Mariner 4, flew by Mars and sent back photographs of the planet.
1966 Eight student nurses were murdered by Richard Speck in a Chicago dormitory.
1968 Hank Aaron, while with the Atlanta Braves, hit his 500th career home run.
1981 The All-Star Game was postponed because of a 33-day-old baseball player's strike. The game was held on August 9.
1998 Los Angeles sued 15 tobacco companies for $2.5 billion over the dangers of secondhand smoke.
2001 Beijing was awarded the 2008 Olympics. It was the first time that China had been awarded the games

1970: State of emergency called over dock strike

Home Secretary Reginald Maudling declares a state of emergency to deal with strikes at UK ports.

Photograph of British Airways chairman Lord King 1987: Great British airline ready for take off
The two biggest airlines in the UK are to merge and create a carrier to compete with America's giant air corporations.

Photograph of MI5 chief Stella Rimington at work 1993: Secret Service goes public
Britain's internal security service, MI5, holds the first photocall in its 84-year history.

Gwyneth Dunwoody MP and Donald Anderson MP 2001: Rebel MPs defeat the government
The Labour Government is defeated in the House of Commons for the first time since it came to power in 1997.

1863 Confederate raider, Bill Anderson, and his Bushwackers attack Huntsville, MI, where they stole $45,000 from the local bank.
1888 "Printers Ink" was first sold.
1904 The first Buddhist temple in the U.S. was established in Los Angeles, CA.
1916 The Boeing Co., originally known as Pacific Aero Products, was founded in Seattle by William Boeing.
1922 The duck-billed platypus arrived in America, direct from Australia. It was exhibited at the Bronx Zoo in New York City.
1958 U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower sent 5,000 Marines to Lebanon to protect the pro-Western government. The troops withdrew October 25, 1958.
1965 The spacecraft, Mariner IV, sent back the first close-up pictures of the planet Mars.
1968 Commercial air travel began between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R., when the first plane, a Soviet Aeroflot jet, landed at Kennedy International Airport in New York.
1976 A 36-hour kidnap ordeal began for 26 schoolchildren and their bus driver, when they were abducted by three gunmen near Chowchilla, CA. All of the captives escaped unharmed.
1997 Gianni Versace was shot to death by Andrew Phillip Cunanan outside his home in Miami, FL. Cunanan was found dead eight days later.
2002 John Walker Lindh plead guilty to two felonies. The crimes were supplying services to Afghanistan's former Taliban government and for carrying explosives during the commission of a felony. Lindh agreed to spend 10 years in prison for each of the charges.

July 12th

1862 - The Medal of Honor was authorized on this day by the U.S. Congress.
1912 - The first foreign-made film to premiere in America, "Queen Elizabeth", was shown. The French film starred Sarah Bernhardt and Lon Tellegen.

1931 - A major-league baseball record for doubles was set as the St. Louis Cardinals and the Chicago Cubs combined for a total of 23 twin-sackers in St. Louis.

1933 - A minimum wage of 30 cents an hour was established in the U.S.

1946 - "The Adventures of Sam Spade" was heard on ABC radio for the first time. Howard Duff starred as the San Francisco detective in the summer replacement series. Sam Spade first appeared in the 1930 Dashiel Hammett novel "The Maltese Falcon" and in the 1931 original film version of "The Maltese Falcon", starring Ricardo Cortez. Humprey Bogart played Sam in the 1941 movie.

1949 - Football quarterback Norm Van Brocklin, a student at the University of Oregon, decided against another year of college and signed a professional NFL contract to play with the Los Angeles Rams.

1954 - The Major League Baseball Players Association was organized in Cleveland, OH. Its purpose was to represent ball players in policy decisions with baseball club owners.

1957 - Prince Karim left Harvard University in Cambridge, MA to become the leader of 20 million Ismaili Moslems. He became the Aga Khan for the religious sect. Prince Karim was 20 years old at the time of his calling.

1958 - "Yakety Yak", by The Coasters, became the number one song in the U.S.A., according to "Billboard" magazine. It was the first stereo record to reach the top of the chart.

1960 - The first Etch-A-Sketch went on sale. Over 50 million units were sold during the next 25 years. It was the favorite toy of many moms because it was self-contained and so-o-o quiet.

1979 - This was Disco Demolition Night at Comiskey Park in Chicago, Illinois. Two Chicago radio DJs came up with the idea of having people bring unwanted disco records to the stadium. The spurned records would be burned between doubleheader games with the White Sox and the Detroit Tigers. Lead by the chant, "Disco Sucks!", most of the records weren't burned, but sailed through the stands during the game -- nearly inciting a riot. Some fans started their own fires and mini-riots. There was so much commotion that the ballplayers couldn't even finish the last game of the doubleheader; the White Sox forfeited.

1982 - "E.T.: The Extra-Terrestrial" broke all box-office records by surpassing the $100-million mark of ticket sales in the first 31 days of its opening.

1982 - The last of the distinctive-looking Checker taxicabs rolled off the assembly line in Kalamazoo, MI. The company had produced those cabs since 1922.

1984 - Steve Carlton of the Philadelphia Phillies earned his 100th strikeout of the season and led the Phils to a 4-3 win over the Cincinnati Reds. Carlton tied a record set by Walter Jonson by getting 100 or more strikeouts in 18 straight seasons. Carlton became baseball's all-time strikeout leader with 3,813. He played for the St. Louis Cardinals, the Phillies, and briefly, for the Chicago White Sox, San Francisco Giants, Cleveland Indians and Minnesota Twins before retiring and becoming a member of the Baseball Hall of Fame.

1994 - The Rolling Stones' "Voodoo Lounge" album was released. Their Voodoo Lounge Tour started in Toronto, July 19, 1994 and ended in Rotterdam on August 30, 1995 -- and holds the all-time North America tour ticket-sale record of $121.2 million.

July 12th

526 St Felix IV begins his reign as Catholic Pope
1290 Jews are expelled from England by order of King Edward I
1543 England's King Henry VIII weds Catherine Parr (6th & last wife)
1690 Orangeman's yearly celebration (The battle of the Orange) - Actually "Battle of the Boyne" ( 1 July 1690), when Protestant had victory in Ireland
1691 Battle of Aughrim (Aghrim) England, William III beats James II
1774 Citizens of Carlisle, Penn. pass a declaration of independence
1812 US forces led by Gen Hull invade Canada (War of 1812)
1817 1st flower show held (Dannybrook, County Cork, Ireland)
1859 Paper bag manufacturing machine patented by William Goodale, Mass
1862 Congress authorizes Medal of Honor
1874 Ontario Agricultural College founded
1874 Start of Sherlock Holmes Adventure, "The Gloria Scott" (BG)
1876 Paul Henry discovers asteroid #164 Eva
1882 1st ocean pier in US completed, Washington, DC
1900 114ø F (46ø C), Basin, Wyoming (state record)
1906 Alfred Dreyfus found innocent in France
1909 16th Amendment approved (power to tax incomes)
1910 J Helffrich discovers asteroid #701 Oriola
1912 1st foreign feature film exhibited in US-"Queen Elizabeth"-NYC
1914 Babe Ruth makes his baseball debut, pitches for the Red Sox
1920 Lithuania & USSR sign peace treaty, Lithuuania becomes independent rep
1923 K Reinmuth discovers asteroids #997 Priska & #3682
1927 Babe Ruth hits 30th of 60 HRs
1928 1st televised tennis match
1931 Cubs & Cards hit a record 23 doubles in a game (2nd game of DH)
1933 Congress passes 1st minimum wage law (33 per hour)
1934 US Disciplinary Barracks on Alcatraz Island abandoned
1946 Vance Dinges hits the only Phillie pinch hit inside-the-park HR
1948 1st jets to fly across the Atlantic (6 RAF de Havilland Vampires)
1949 AL beats NL 11-7 in 16th All Star Game, NL makes a record 5 errors
1949 Baseball owners agree to erect warning paths before each fence
1949 LA Rams sign Norm Van Brocklin
1950 ILTF re-admit Germany & Japan in Davis Cup, Poland & Hungary withdraw
1951 Mob tries to keep black family from moving into all-white Cicero Ill
1951 NY Yankees Allie Reynolds no-hits Cleve Indians, 8-0
1954 Major League Baseball Players Assn founded
1955 NL beats AL 6-5 (12 innings) in 22nd All Star Game (Milwaukee)
1957 1st President to fly in helicopter-Dwight Eisenhower
1960 Congo, Chad & Central African Republic declare independence
1960 Echo I, 1st passive satellite launched
1960 USSR's Sputnik 5 launched with 2 dogs
1962 1st time 2 manned crafts in space (USSR)
1962 Rolling Stones 1st performance (Marquee Club, London)
1966 26.70 cm (10.51") of rainfall, Sandusky, Ohio (state record)
1966 Most rain fell in 1 day in Ohio, 10.5" in Sandusky
1966 NL beats AL 2-1 (10 innings) in 37th All Star Game (Busch, St Louis)
1966 Race riot in Chicago
1966 US Treasury announces it will buy mutilated silver coins at silver
bullion price at Philadelphia & Denver mints
1967 23 die in Newark race rebellion
1967 5th Mayor's Trophy Game, Mets beat Yanks 4-0
1967 Blacks in Newark, riot, 26 killed, 1500 injured & over 1000 arrested
1970 Janis Joplin debuts in Kentucky
1971 Juan Corona, indicted for 25 murders
1975 Sao Tom‚ e Pr¡ncipe gains independence from Portugal (Nat'l Day)
1977 1st free flight test of space shuttle Enterprise
1978 Sun Bank Building opens
1979 Kiribati (Gilbert & Ellice Is) gains independence from Britain
"Disco Demolition Night" at Comiskey Park, causes fans to go wild &
causes White Sox to forfeit 2nd game of a doubleheader to the Tigers
1982 FEMA promises survivors of a nuclear war will get their mail
1984 Geraldine Ferraro, NY became 1st woman major-party VP candidate
1985 Doctors discover a cancerous growth in Pres Reagan's colon
1985 STS 51-F launch scrubbed at T -3s because of main engine shutdown
1987 Phillies Kent Tekulve pitches his 900th game in relief
1988 Margo Adams alleges Red Sox Wade Bogg's "Delta Force" revenge plan
1988 USSR launches Phobos II for Martian orbit
1989 NY Yankee pitching great Ron Guidry retires (170-91 .651, 3.29 ERA)
1990 Chicago White Sox Melido Perez no-hits the Yankees 8-0 in a rain
shortened 6 inning game at Yankee Stadium (7th no-hitter of 1990)

July 12th

1191 The armies of the Third Crusade (1189-92), led by England's King Richard ('TheLionhearted'), captured the Syrian seaport of Acre.
1843 Mormon church founder Joseph Smith announced that a divine revelation had beengiven him sanctioning polygamy among his newly-organized religious followers.
1898 Birth of Peter Deyneka, missions pioneer. The Slavic Gospel Association, whichhe founded in 1934, undertakes evangelistic work in Europe and South America.
1944 Golden Gate Baptist Theological Seminary was chartered in Mill Valley, CA, undersponsorship of the Southern Baptist Church.
1963 Swiss Reformed theologian Karl Barth wrote in a letter: 'Do not stop testing andcorrecting your insights by holy scripture. Then, being sound in what really counts, youcan live and represent a comforted life.'

July 13th

1812 - The first pawnbroking ordinance was passed in New York City on this day.
1832 - U.S. Indian agent and explorer Henry Schoolcraft stumbled upon the source of the Mississippi River. Its 2,552-mile journey to the Gulf of Mexico begins at Lake Itasca, Minnesota.

1836 - John Ruggles of Thomaston, Maine received patent #1 from the U.S. Patent Office under a new patent-numbering system. Before Ruggles, a U.S. senator from Maine and the author of the 1836 Patent Act which brought back the examination process, there had been 9,957 non-numbered patents issued. Ruggles received his patent for a traction wheel used in locomotive steam engines.

1875 - David Brown of Lebanon, New Jersey patented the first cash-carrier system. It was a basket moved by a wire, a pail and pulleys, the forerunner of the pneumatic tube ... like those we use at the drive-in-bank windows.

1896 - Philadelpia's Ed Delahanty became the second major-league player to hit four home runs in a single game.

1925 - Reporters covering the Broadway beat were most impressed by Will Rogers, an Oklahoma cowboy, who had been standing in for W.C. Fields on a temporary basis in the "Ziegfeld Follies".

1938 - Spectators paid 25 cents to witness the first television theatre that opened in Boston, MA. The variety show with dancing and song lasted 45 minutes and was attended by 200 people. The acts were performed on a floor above the theatre and transmitted downstairs by TV.

1939 - Frank Sinatra made his recording debut with the Harry James band. Frankie sang "Melancholy Mood" and "From the Bottom of My Heart".

1959 - "Dedicated to the One I Love", by The Shirelles, was released. The tune went to number 83 on the Top 100 chart of "Billboard" magazine. The song was re-released in 1961 and made it to number three on the charts. That's just one case for being in the right place at the right time...

1971 - Reggie Jackson hit a home run off Doc Ellis in the All-Star Game in Tiger Stadium, Detroit, MI. The shot bounced off the light tower deep in right field. The American League won the game 6-4.

1972 - Carroll Rosenbloom (owner of the Baltimore Colts) and Robert Irsay (of the Los Angeles Rams) came up with a unique trade for the NFL. The wealthy businessmen traded teams!

1973 - The Everly Brothers called it quits during a concert at the John Wayne Theatre in Buena Park, CA. Phil Everly walked off the stage in the middle of the show and brother Don said, "The Everly Brothers died ten years ago." The duo reunited a decade later for a short time.

1973 - David Bedford set a new world record in the 10,000-meter race in London. The track star from Great Britain ran the distance in 27 minutes, 31 seconds.

1982 - The first All-Star Game played outside the United States was played this day in Montreal, Canada. The National League won for the 11th consecutive year, defeating the American League 4-1.

1984 - Sportscaster Howard Cosell said that he was "tired of being tied to the football mentality" and asked to be released from duties on "Monday Night Football". Roone Arledge obliged. In fact, Cosell was removed from television altogether a year later.

1985 - Duran Duran took "A View to a Kill", from the James Bond movie of the same name, to the top of the record charts this day. The song stayed on top for two weeks. "Live and Let Die" by Wings and "Nobody Does It Better" by Carly Simon -- both James Bond themes -- got only as high as number two on the record charts.

1985 - The event was the "Live Aid" concert for African famine relief. The place was Philadelphia, PA and it was also, London, England. Electrifying performances from Philly's JFK Stadium, London's Wembley Stadium and other venues were telecast world-wide and raised over $70 million. The all-day and much-of-the-night concert featured some of the biggest names in rock music including Mick Jagger, Tina Turner, Madonna, Bob Dylan and Paul McCartney. The audience was equally as big - 162,000 attended the concert and another 1.5 billion viewed it on TV. Boomtown Rats singer Bob Geldof organized the "Live Aid" concert, gathering the big name stars, all of whom performed without pay.

1986 - Kent Tekulve of the Philadelphia Phillies broke the National League record for relief appearances by notching his 820th performance. He helped the Phils with an 11-inning victory over the Houston Astros (5-4). Elroy Face of Pittsburgh had been the previous record holder in the National League.

1992 - An appeals court in New York ruled that Jett Williams, the secret daughter of Hank Williams Senior, was entitled to share the royalties from his songs. In 1984, Jett had hired investigator Keith Adkinson, who found that Jett had been deliberately defrauded out of her father's estate and his copyright royalties. Adkinson sued on her behalf. On October 26, 1987 the Alabama Circuit Court ruled that Hank Williams was Jett's father. On July 5, 1989 the Alabama Supreme Court ruled that Jett had been defrauded, and awarded her half of her father's estate. And on July 13, 1992 the federal court in New York awarded Jett her proportionate share of her father's copyright renewal royalties.

1995 - The temperature in Chicago, Illinois reached its all-time high -- 106 degrees (Fahrenheit) -- recorded at Midway Airport.

July 13th

432 -BC- Origin of Metonic Cycle
574 John III ends his reign as Catholic Pope
1568 Dean of St Paul's Cathedral perfects a way to bottle beer
1787 Congress establishes Northwest Territory (excludes slavery)
1787 Ord of 1787-a territory can become 3 to 5 states at 60,000 pop
1793 French rev writer Jean Paul Marat murdered by Charlotte Corday
1832 Source of Mississippi River discovered (Henry R Schoolcraft)
1836 US patent #1 (after 9,957 unnumbered patents), for locomotive wheels
1854 US forces shell & burn San Juan del Norte, Nicaragua
1863 Anti-draft mobs lynch blacks in NYC; about 1,000 die
1865 Horace Greeley advises his readers to "Go west young man"
1865 PT Barnum's museum burns down
1868 Oscar J Dunn, former slave, installed as lt governor of Louisiana
1878 Treaty of Berlin amended terms of Treaty of San Stefano
1882 200 die as train derails near Tcherny, Russia
1896 Ed Delahanty, becomes 2nd major leaguer to hit 4 HRs in a game
1898 Guglielmo Marconi patents the radio
1898 SF Ferry Building at foot of Market St opens
1900 Phillies beat Pittsburgh 23-8
1908 4th modern Olympic games opens in London
1917 Vision of Virgin Mary appeared to children of F tima, Portugal
1919 Race riots in Longview & Gregg counties Texas
1930 Sarnoff reports in NY Times "TV would be a theater in every home"
1934 Babe Ruth hits HR #700 against Detroit
1936 112ø F (44ø C), Mio, Michigan (state record)
1936 114ø F (46ø C), Wisconsin Dells, Wisc. (state record)
1943 1st All Star night game (AL beats NL 5-4 at Shribe Pk, Phila)
1948 AL beats NL 5-2 in 15th All Star Game (Sportsman Park, St Louis)
1953 J A Bruwer discovers asteroids #1658 Innes & #3284
1954 AL beats NL 11-9 in 21st All Star Game (Cleveland Stadium)
1954 Dean Stone gets credit for AL win, although he didn't retire a
batter, he threw out Shoendienst trying to steal home, AL-11 NL-9
1960 AL beats NL 6-0 in 29th All Star Game (NY Yankees host)
1960 Democratic Natl convention nominates Sen John F Kennedy for president
1960 KDBQ-AM in San Francisco CA changes call letters to KYA
1961 NL beats AL 5-4 (10 innings) in 30th All Star Game (SF Candlestick)
1963 Early Wynn, wins his 300th & last game at 43
1965 NL beats AL 6-5 in 36th All Star Game (Metropolitan Stadium, Minneapolis)
1967 Race riots break out in Newark, 27 die
1969 Russia launches unmanned Luna 15 to Moon
1971 AL beats NL 6-4 in 42nd All Star Game (Tiger Stadium, Detroit)
1972 C Torres discovers asteroid #3050 Carrera
1972 LA Rams (Irsay) & Baltimore Colts (Rosenbloom) swap owners
1972 T Smirnova discovers asteroid #2112 Ulyanov
1973 Bobby Murcer's 3 homers accounted for all RBIs, beating KC 5-0
1975 8.5" (21.6 cm) of rainfall, Dover, Delaware (state record)
1976 Courtmartial begins in USSR for Valeri Sablin (Hunt for Red Oct)
1976 NL beats AL 7-1 in 47th All Star Game (Veteran's Stadium Phila)
1977 NYC experiences 25 hr black-out
1978 Alexander Ginzburg sentenced by Soviet court to 8 years
1978 BBC bans Sex Pistols "No One is Innocent"
1978 Lee Iacocca fired as Ford Motor Pres by chairman Henry Ford II
1978 Walter Poenisch completes swim of 207 km from Cuba to Florida
1979 George Harrison releases "faster"
1982 NL scores 4-1 victory over AL for 11th straight All-Star triumph
1984 Sergei Bubka of USSR pole vaults a record 5.89 m
1985 Live Aid, a rock concert in London, Phila, Moscow & Sydney
1985 Yankees retire Roger Maris (#9) & Elston Howard (#32) uniforms
1987 Federal judge throws out Bette Midler's $10 million suit against
Ford Motor Co, who used a sound alike voice for their TV commercials
1991 Bob Milacki & 3 other Balt Oriole pitchers no-hit the A's 2-0

July 13th

1105 Death of Rashi (b.1040), medieval Jewish Bible scholar. His name is a Hebrewacrostic for Rabbi Shelomoh ben Isaac. Rashi was the leading rabbinic commentator in hisday on the Old Testament and Talmud.
1769 Birth of Thomas Kelly, Irish Episcopal clergyman and author of 765 hymns,including 'Praise the Savior, Ye Who Know Him.'
1778 Anglican clergyman and hymnwriter John Newton wrote in a letter: 'It is perhapsthe highest triumph we can obtain over bigotry when we are able to bear with bigotsthemselves.'
1815 President John Adams wrote in a letter: 'The Hebrews have done more to civilizemen than any other nation. If I were an atheist,... I should still believe fate had ordainedthe Jews to be the most essential instrument for civilizing the nations.'
1886 Birth of Father Edward Flanagan, American Catholic parish priest. Believing therewas 'no such thing as a bad boy,' in 1922 he organized Boys Town near Omaha, Nebraska.

July 14th

1789 - This was the day the French Revolution began -- at the fall of the Bastille. It is still celebrated in many countries throughout the world and is a public holiday in France; generally called Bastille Day or Fete National. It is considered the day freedom was born in France.
1868 - Alvin J. Fellows of New Haven, CT patented the tape measure. Alvin's measurements: 40-46-42.

1908 - "The Adventures of Dolly" opened at the Union Square Theatre in New York City. It was the first film release for director D.W. Griffith.

1911 - For the first time, a pilot flew an airplane onto the lawn of the White House! Harry N. Atwood flew in to accept an award from President William Taft. There wasn't a National Airport at the time, you see. Today, if you land a plane on the White House lawn, you do so at your own risk. If you don't get shot out of the sky first, you'll probably receive a hail of bullets from the Secret Service as a welcoming salute. It's not that people don't keep trying. In 1994, a small plane crashed on the lawn and slammed into the White House, killing the pilot.

1914 - Robert H. Goddard of Worcester, MA patented liquid rocket fuel on this day.

1942 - Helen O'Connell and Bob Eberly sang their last duet together as they recorded the famous "Brazil" with the Jimmy Dorsey band.

1946 - Dr. Benjamin Spock's "Baby and Child Care" was first published. The book became one of the most widely-discussed books ever published -- and one of the most widely sold. In fact, Dr. Spock's baby book has sold more copies than any book other than the Bible.

1951 - In his last race, Citation became the winningest thoroughbred in horse racing as he won the Hollywood Gold Cup at Hollywood Park. Citation earned a total of $1,085,760 in his career.

1951 - The first sports event to be shown in color was the Molly Pitcher Handicap at Oceanport, New Jersey. The historic event was seen over CBS-TV this day, but not by many. A color TV system for wide use wouldn't be available until the 1960s.

1957 - Funnyman Stan Freberg debuted a new weekly comedy program on CBS radio. Freberg was a late entry into the radio program race, though he was well known for many famous radio commercials over the years. The Freberg show only lasted a short time and that newfangled contraption, television, was blamed for the show's quick demise.

1962 - Bobby Vinton's "Roses are Red" became the top song in the U.S. The song stayed at the top for four weeks and was the first of four #1 hits for Vinton. The others were: "Blue Velvet", "There! I've Said It Again" and "Mr. Lonely". "Roses are Red" was also Vinton's first million-seller. He had two others: "I Love How You Love Me" (which made it to #9 in 1968) and "My Melody of Love" (which hit #3 in 1974.)

1967 - Eddie Mathews of the Houston Astros hit career homer #500.

1968 - Hank Aaron hit his 500th career home run -- in Atlanta, GA -- leading the Braves to a 4-2 win over the San Francisco Giants. (In April of 1974, Hammerin' Hank eclipsed the old home-run mark [714] held by Babe Ruth.)

1981 - The All-Star Game was postponed because of a 33-day-old baseball players strike. Still, some 15,000 fans showed up to boo the players and to see an imaginary game! The 52nd All-Star classic was not held until August 9th (in Cleveland Municipal Stadium).

1985 - Baltimore defeated Oakland, 28-24, to clinch their second consecutive United States Football League championship. The game was also significant, in that it brought the curtain down on the league's spring schedule. Total losses were estimated at $63 million for all 14 teams. The USFL quickly faded away when owners refused to incur further losses. Plans calling for the league to resume play in the fall of 1986 never materialized.

1987 - The second-longest game in All-Star Game history was played as the National League defeated the American League in a 2-0 shutout in 13 innings. The game was played in Oakland, CA and lasted 3 hours, 39 minutes.

July 14th

1714 Battle of Aland, Russian fleet overpowers larger Swedish fleet
1771 Mission San Antonio de Padua founded in California
1789 Bastille Day-citizens of Paris storm Bastille prison
1798 1st direct federal tax on the states-on dwellings, land & slaves
1798 Sedition Act prohibits "false, scandalous & malicious" writing
against US govt
1832 Opium exempted from federal tariff duty
1845 1st postmasters' provisional stamps issued, NYC
1850 1st public demonstration of ice made by refrigeration
1853 Commodore Perry requests trade relations with Japan
1853 Pres Franklin Pierce opens 1st industrial exposition (NY)
1865 1st ascent of Matterhorn
1868 Tape measure enclosed in a circular case patented, AJ Fellows, Ct
1893 A Charlois discovers asteroid #370 Modestia
1911 46" of rain begins to fall in Baguio, Phillipines
1914 1st patent for liquid-fueled rocket design granted (Dr R Goddard)
1914 NL's Boston Braves start climb from last place to world series sweep
1914 Robert Hutchins Goddard patents a liquid-fuel rocket motor
1916 St Louis Brown Ernie Koob pitches all 17 inns in a 0-0 tie vs Boston
1921 Nicola Sacco & Bartolomeo Vanzetti convicted in Dedham Mass, of
killing their shoe company's paymaster
1927 1st commercial airplane flight in Hawaii
1934 116ø F (47ø C), Orogrande, New Mexico (state record)
1934 C Jackson discovers asteroids #1325 Inanda & #1326 Losaka
1934 NY Times erronously declares Ruth 700 HR record to stand for all time
1934 Phillies score 11 runs in an inning, beats Cincinnati 18-0
1936 116ø F (47ø C), Collegeville, Indiana (state record)
1940 Lithuania becomes the Lithuanian SSR
1946 Cleve Lou Boudreau hits 4 doubles & HR but Red Sox win 11-10 on Ted
Williams 3 HR with 8 RBIs
1947 C A Wirtanen discovers asteroid #1747 Wright
1950 RE Wayne awarded 1st Distinguished Flying Cross in Korea
1951 1st color telecast of a sporting event (CBS-horse race)
1951 Citation becomes 1st horse to win $1,000,000 in races
1953 1st natl monument dedicated to a Negro-George Washington Carver
1953 NL beats AL 5-1 in 20th All Star Game (Crosley Field Cincinnati)
1954 117ø F (47ø C), East St. Louis, Illinois (state record)
1954 118ø F (48ø C), Warsaw & Union, Missouri (state record)
1955 2 killed, many dazed when lightning strikes Ascott racetrack, England
1956 Boston Red Sox Mel Parnell no-hits Chicago White Sox, 4-0
1957 Soviet steamer "Eshghbad" sinks in Caspian Sea, drowning 270
1958 Iraqi army overthrows monarchy; republic replaces Hashemite dynasty
1959 1st atomic powered cruiser, the Long Beach, Quincy Mass
1960 Fire raging through a Guatemala City, Guatemala insane
asylum kills 225, severly injuring 300
1961 Astro's Eddie Matthews hits HR #500
1962 Brave's Hank Aaron hits HR #500
1965 US Mariner IV, 1st Mars probe, passes at 6,100 miles (9,800 km)
1966 Richard Speck rapes & kills 8 nurses in a Chicago dormitory
1967 Astro Eddie Matthews hits his 500th HR off SF Giant Juan Marichal
1967 Surveyor 4 launched to Moon; explodes just before landing
1968 Brave Hank Aaron hits his 500th HR off SF Giant Mike McCormick
1968 Houston Astro Don Wilson strikes-out 18, beats Reds 6-1
1969 "Futbol War" between El Salvador & Honduras begins
1970 NL wins 8th straight All Star Game, 5-4 in 12 innings (Riverfront, Cin)
1972 L Zhuravleva discovers asteroids #1959 Karbyshev & #2423 Ibarruri
1973 Phil Everly storms off stage declaring an end to the Everly Brothers
1974 Bundy victms Janice Ott & Denise Naslund disappear, Lk Sammamish, WA
1975 EPCOT Center (Florida) plans announced
1976 Jimmy Carter wins Democratic pres nomination in NY
1977 N Chernykh discovers asteroids #2286 Fesenkov, #2492 Kutuzov,
#2509 Chukotka, #2607 Yakutia & #3213
1978 Anatoly Shcharansky convicted of anti-Soviet agitation
Allen Ginsburg completes "Plutonian Ode," blocks trainload of fissile
material headed for Rockwell's nuclear bomb trigger factory, Colorado
1983 Crane (Rep-R-Il) & Studds (Rep-D-Mas) admit to sex with pages
1984 STS 41-D vehicle moves to Vandenberg AFB for remanifest of payloads
1985 Columbia returns to Kennedy Space Center via Offutt AFB, Neb
1985 Kathy Baker beats Judy Clark to win golf's US Women's Open
1985 Last USFL game-Baltimore Stars defeats Oakland Invaders, 28-24
1986 Jane Geddes beats Sally Little to win golf's US Women's Open
1986 NASA's plan to implement recommendations of Rogers commission
1986 Paul McCartney releases "Press"
1986 Richard W Miller became 1st FBI agent convicted of espionage
1987 Greyhound Bus buys Trailways Bus for $80 million
1987 Lt Col Oliver North concludes 6 days of Congressional testimony
1987 NL defeats AL, 2-0 in 13, in 58th All-Star Game in Oakland, Calif
1987 Steve Miller's star is unveiled on Hollywood's Walk of Fame
1987 Taiwan ends 37 years of martial law
1988 200,000 demonstrate in Soviet Armenia for incorp of Nagorno-Karabak
1988 Mike Schmidt passes Mickey Mantle with his 537th HR into 7th place
1989 The 16th James Bond movies "License to Kill" premiers
1990 "Howard Stern's Summer Show" premiers on WWOR-TV

July 14th

1773 The first annual conference of the Methodist Church in America convened at St.George's Church in Philadelphia, PA.
1775 Anglican clergyman and hymnwriter John Newton wrote in a letter: 'The knowledgeof God cannot be attained by studious discussion on our parts; it must be by revelation onHis part.'
1800 Birth of Anglican clergyman Matthew Bridges. In 1848 he converted to Catholicism,under the influence of the Oxford Movement in England. He is remembered today for authoringthe hymn, 'Crown Him with Many Crowns.'
1833 Anglican clergyman John Keble preached his famous sermon on national religiousapostasy. It marked the beginning of the Oxford Movement, which sought to purify andrevitalize the Church of England.
1892 The Baptist Young People's Union held its first national convention in Detroit.The founding of the BYP Union was inspired by the earlier work of Francis E. Clark, aCongregational pastor who founded the first 'modern' youth fellowship in 1881.