the day in the history

1996: Seven slashed in school machete attack


Three young children and four adults are attacked by a man with a machete at an infant school in Wolverhampton.



1965: Ronald Biggs escapes from jail
Ronald Biggs who was serving a 30-year prison sentence for his part in the Great Train Robbery escapes from Wandsworth prison.



2003: Conjoined twins die in separation op
Conjoined Iranian twins who volunteered to go ahead with a major operation to separate them both die during surgery.



1971: British troops shoot Londonderry rioters
Two men are killed by the British army in Londonderry, Northern Ireland.



2000: New Harry Potter most magical yet
The latest story about boy wizard Harry Potter breaks all publishing records.

july 8th

1663 King Charles II of England granted a charter to Rhode Island
1693 NYC authorizes 1st police uniforms in American colonies
1709 Battle of Poltava; Russians defeat Swedes
1776 Col John Nixon gave 1st public reading of Dec of Independence
1777 Vt becomes 1st state abolishing slavery, adopts male sufferage
1796 US State Dept issues 1st American passport
1797 1st US senator (William Blount of Tennessee) expelled by impeachment
1805 American Bill Richmond knocks out Jack Holmes, Kilburn Wells, England
1816 Frost in Waltham, MA
1835 Liberty Bell cracks (again)
1849 St Paul's Place in the Bronx named
1870 Congress authorizes registration of trademarks
1870 Gov Holden of NC declares Casswell County in a state of insurrection
1876 White terrorists attack Black Republicans in Hamburg SC, killing 5
1889 John L Sullivan wins by KO in 75 rounds in last bare-knuckle bout
1889 Wall Street Journal begins publishing
1891 61ø F, the highest temp for July 1891, in Baltimore & Phila
1891 Future president Harding marries Florence K DeWolfe in Marion Ohio
1892 American Psychological Association organized, Worcester, Mass
1896 William Jennings Bryan "cross of gold" speech at Dem convention
1897 Harbor Hospital formally opens
1898 Phillies Red Donahue no-hits Boston Braves, 5-0
1900 1st night baseball, league game (Zanesville at Grand Rapids)
1905 Part of Angel Island allocated for Immigration Detention Center
1907 Florenz Ziegfeld staged 1st `Follies' on NY Theater roof
1909 1st pro baseball game (minor league) played under lights
1911 Nan Aspinwall is 1st woman to make solo transcontin. trip by horse
1912 Pitcher Rube Marquard loses after winning 19 straight games
1919 Pres Wilson returns to NYC from Versailles Peace Conference
1923 Harding becomes 1st sitting president to visit Alaska (Metlakahtla)
1928 Phillies set record of errorless 25 inning doubleheader
1932 Depression low point of Dow Jones Industrial Average, 41.22
1932 G Neujmin discovers asteroid #1255 Schilowa
1933 Public Works Administration becomes effective
1935 AL beats NL 4-1 in 3rd All Star Game (Cleveland)
1936 C Jackson discovers asteroid #1949 Messina
1941 AL beats NL 7-5 in 9th All Star Game (Briggs Stadium, Detroit)
1947 AL beats NL 2-1 in 14th All Star Game (Wrigley Field, Chicago)
1947 Demolition begins in NYC for UN HQ in NYC
1950 Gen Douglas MacArthur named commander-in-chief, UN forces in Korea
1950 Leroy Deans awarded 1st Order of Purple Heart in Korea
1952 NL beats AL 3-2 (5 innings) in 19th All Star Game (Shibe Park Phila)
1957 CDC incorporates
1958 AL beats NL 4-3 in 25th All Star Game (Memorial Stadium, Baltimore)
1961 Portuguese steamer "Save" breaks up off Mozambique, 227 die
1967 Billie Jean King concludes Wimbeldon sweep (singles, doubles & mix)
1967 Helen Weston of Detroit rolls a record 4,585 in 24 games
1969 Thor Heyerdahl & reed raft Ra II land in Barbados 57 days from Morocco
1969 US troop withdrawal begins in Vietnam
1970 SF Giant Jim Ray Hart is 8th to get 6 RBIs in an inning (5th)
1973 NY Mets are 12« games back in NL, & go on to win the pennant
1974 Yank shortstop Jim Mason ties record with 4 doubles in 9 innings
1975 Pres Ford announced hell seek Republican nomination for pres
1975 Quake damages over 2,000 temples in Pagan, Burma. 20-foot-high
seated Buddha of Thandawgya decapitated
1977 Sabra Starr finishes longest recorded belly dance (100 hrs)
1978 Bjorn Borg of Sweden won 3rd consecutive title at Wimbledon
1978 Pioneer-Venus 2 Multi-probe launched to Venus
1979 Voyager 2 takes 1st ever photo of Jupiter's satellite Adrastea (J14)
1980 NL beats AL 4-2 in 51st All Star Game (Dodger Stadium LA Calif)
1981 Senate confirms Sandra Day O'Conner to Supreme Court (99-0)
1982 Porn star John Homes convicted of receiving stolen property
1984 John McEnroe beats Jimmy Connors for Wimbeldon singles
1986 Farthest thrown object-an "Aerobie" flying ring, 383 m (1,257')
1986 NASA establishes Safety, Reliability Maintain & Quality Assurance
1987 Kitty Dukakis, revealed addiction to amphetamines for 26 years
1988 Stevie Wonder announces he will run for mayor of Detroit in 1992
1990 12:34:56 on 7/8/90 (1234567890)
1990 Brewers beat Angels 20-7, including 13 in the 5th inning
1990 Germany beats Argentina 1-0 for soccer's 14th World Cup at Rome
1990 Italy beats England in soccer's World Cup conselation game
1990 Stefan Edberg beats Boris Becker for Wimbeldon title
1990 Trailing 7-0, Brewers tie Angels & then score 13 in 5th to win 20-7

1663 Following restoration of the English monarchy, a new charter was issued to theAmerican colony of Rhode Island. It guaranteed religious freedom regardless of 'differencesin opinion in matters of religion.'
1741 Influencing the start of New England's 'Great Awakening,' colonial Americantheologian Jonathan Edwards preached his classic sermon, 'Sinners in the Hands of an AngryGod,' at Enfield, CT.
1792 Birth of Lowell Mason, Presbyterian pioneer of congregational singing. He composedover 1,000 hymn tunes, including BETHANY ('Nearer, My God, To Thee'), DENNIS ('Blest Be theTie That Binds'), and HAMBURG ('When I Survey the Wondrous Cross').
1948 The Moscow Conference convened to celebrate the 500th anniversary of theindependence of the Russian Orthodox Church from control of the Eastern OrthodoxPatriarchate of Constantinople.
1959 Meeting in Oberlin, OH, the Congregational Christian and the Evangelical andReformed churches adopted a united statement of faith. (The two groups merged to form theUnited Church of Christ in 1961.)

July 8
1693 - Uniforms for police in New York City (or what there was of New York City at that time) were authorized on this day.
1795 - Martin Academy in Washington, TN changed its name to Washington College ... the first college to be named after George Washington.

1805 - Bill Richmond, the first noted boxer in America, beat up Tom Tough (Jack Homes) in round 26 of a bout in Kilburn Wells, England.

1865 - C.E. Barnes of Lowell, MA patented the machine gun.

1889 - John L. Sullivan defeated Jake Kilrain in the last championship bare-knuckle fight. Good thing it was the last one, too, as the bout went on for 75 rounds! It took 2 hours, 16 minutes and 23 seconds to complete.

1907 - Florenz Ziegfeld staged the first Ziegfeld Follies at the roof garden of the New York Theatre.

1946 - Actress Ava Gardner divorced bandleader Artie Shaw on this day; not quite a year after they were married.

1950 - Joel McCrea appeared in the lead role of Tales of the Texas Rangers. The soon-to-be-popular show debuted on NBC radio.

1953 - Notre Dame announced that the next five years of its football games would be shown in theatres over closed circuit TV.

1955 - John McElroy was arrested in Miami, Florida for appearing stark-raving naked in public. Mr. EcElroy explained to the police that he had disrobed in public because the prison uniform he was wearing appeared to be "too conspicuous!"

1958 - The first gold record album presented by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) was awarded. It went to the soundtrack LP, Oklahoma!. The honor signified that the album had reached one million dollars in sales. The first gold single issued by the RIAA was Catch a Falling Star, by Perry Como, in March of 1958. A gold single also represents sales of one million records.

1960 - Storer Broadcasting Company purchased WINS radio in New York City for $10 million. It was the highest price paid for a radio station (to that time). Many great radio personalities including Murray the K, Bruce Morrow and Alan Freed were stars on WINS Radio. WINS, under Storer ownership, also aired some very clever promotions, including the time they drove the New York media crazy. It was a discovery (thought to be a rare find) in the back seat of a New York taxicab: a clay tablet that looked to be Egyptian and had carvings on it. Upon closer examination, it read, "Everybody's mummy listens to 10-10 WINS!"

1970 - The San Francisco Giants' Jim Ray Hart hit for the cycle (a single, double, triple and home run in one game). Hart became the first National League player in 59 seasons to collect six runs batted in (RBI) during a single inning. The Giants walloped the Atlanta Braves 13-0.

1984 - John McEnroe made short work of Jimmy Connors at Wimbledon. Connors managed to win only four games and tied for the second lowest number of games won by a Wimbledon men's singles finalist since 1922. McEnroe won the event in just 1 hour 20 minutes.

1985 - Pro Football Hall of Famer Jack Lambert of the Pittsburgh Steelers announced his retirement on this, his 33rd birthday. A 1974 second-round draft choice from Kent State University in Ohio, Lambert played 11 seasons with the Steelers. He racked up several awards including the NFL's Rookie of the Year [1974], Defensive Player of the Year [1976]; and nine consecutive Pro Bowls [1975-1983]. Jack Lambert was a major chunk of the Steel Curtain and owns four Super Bowl rings to prove it.

1987 - Lt. Col. Oliver North became a daytime TV star, pulling in more viewers than many game shows and soap operas. He captured center stage as the Iran-Contra hearings were televised throughout the U.S.

1998 Taliban bans communications devices
The Taliban (literally: "students"), a right-wing Islamist group that now controls most of Afghanistan, announced a ban on television sets, videocassette recorders, videotapes, and satellite dishes on this day. Observers said the move was intended to seal off Afghanistan from outside influences. The decree, delivered by Afghanistan's minister for the prevention of vice and the promotion of virtue, gave Afghans 15 days to dispose of the forbidden devices. After that time, persons found in possession of the prohibited items would face an unspecified punishment, the minister said. Since seizing control of Kabul, the capital, in 1996, the Taliban have enforced an extreme version of Islamic law in Afghanistan. The ban on television sets was the latest in a series of social restrictions imposed by the Taliban. Other forms of entertainment, such as motion pictures and non-religious music, had already been banned. Women have been the focus of many Taliban decrees. They are forbidden to work, attend school, or leave their homes without being escorted by a male relative.


1998 Floods Kill More Than 100 in Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan
Flooding in the Fergana Valley along the borders of Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan began on this day, as rapidly melting snow caused rivers to rise and at least one dam to burst. The floods killed more than 100 people and left hundreds more missing.


1853 Commodore Matthew Perry enters Japan
On this day, American Commodore Matthew Perry led a squadron of four ships into Tokyo Bay and presented a proposed commercial and friendship treaty to representatives of the emperor. The U.S. government sent Perry on this mission to Japan, a country that had been closed to outsiders since the 17th century. In order to give the reluctant Japanese court time to consider the offer, Perry sailed for China and returned with an even more powerful fleet in February of 1854.


1950 Gen. Douglas MacArthur named commander-in-chief of UN Forces in Korea

1982: Queen fends off bedroom intruder


A man breaks into Buckingham Palace and spends ten minutes talking to the Queen in her bedroom.



1984: Historic York Minster engulfed by flames
A massive fire devastates large parts of York Minster causing an estimated £1m damage.



1991: Bank collapse costs taxpayers millions
The closure of the Bank of Credit and Commerce International loses about 20 local councils up to £30m in investments.



1973: Bahamas' sun sets on British Empire
Prince Charles enjoys the Bahamas' last day as a British colony.



2001: Scientists discover why we are here
A Californian University throws more light on why the Big Bang theory works after nearly 40 years of world-wide research.

july 9th

1540 England's King Henry VIII 6-mo marriage to Anne of Cleves annulled
1595 Johannes Kepler inscribes geometric solid construction of universe
1755 Brit Gen E Braddock mortally wounded during French & Indian War
1776 Dec of Ind read aloud to Gen Washington's troops in NY
1800 Mt Vernon Gardens becomes site of 1st summer theatre in US
1816 Argentina declares independence from Spain
1846 Capt Montgomery claims Yerba Buena (SF) for US
1853 Adm Perry & US Navy visit Japan
1860 Temperature hits 115ø F in Ft Scott & 112ø F in Topeka Kansas
1862 Gen John Hunt Morgan captures Tompkinsville, Ky
1863 Union troops enter Port Hudson
1868 1st black cabinet member in SC (Francis L Cardozo-sect of state)
1872 Doughnut cutter patented by John Blondel, Thomaston, Me
1878 An improved corncob pipe patented by Henry Tibbe, Washington, Mo
1878 Corncob pipe patented (Henry Tibbe)
1879 C H F Peters discovers asteroid #199 Byblis
1893 Daniel H Williams performs "world's 1st successful heart coperation"
1902 L Carnera discovers asteroid #487 Venetia
1910 Walter Brookins becomes 1st to pilot an airplane to 1 mile altitude
1914 1st US duplicate auction bridge championship held, Lake Placid, NY
1915 Germany surrenders South West Africa to Union of South Africa
1916 1st cargo submarine to cross the Atlantic arrives in US from Germany
1917 British warship "Vanguard" explodes at Scapa Flow killing 800
1918 101 killed & 171 injured in worst US train wreck, Nashville, Tenn
1918 US Army's Distinguished Service Cross authorized
1927 Atty William T Francis named minister to Liberia
1932 Washington Redskins (then Boston Braves) formed
1932 Yanks' Ben Chapman hits 2 inside-the-park HRs, tying record
1933 Frankford Yellowjackets sold, rechristened Philadelphia Eagles
1940 NL beats AL 4-0 in 8th All Star Game (Sportsman Park, St Louis)
1944 World's largest circus tent catches fire at Ringling Brother's -
Barnum & Bailey 2nd performance. 168 die. (Hartford Conn)
1946 AL beats NL 12-0 in 13th All Star Game (No 1945 game) (Fenway Park)
1947 Britain's Princess Elizabeth & Lt Philip Mountbatten's engagement
1948 Satchel Paige, 42, debuts in majors pitching 2 scoreless inn for Cleve
1950 13.15" (33.40 cm) of rainfall, York, Nebraska (state 24-hour record)
1951 Pres Truman asked Congress to formally end state of war with Germany
1953 1st helicopter passenger service (NYC)
1953 Phillies Robin Roberts ends streak of 28 consecutive complete games
1955 1st black executive on White House staff (E Frederic Morrow)
1955 Bill Haley & Comets' "Rock Around the Clock" tops billboards chart
1956 Dick Clark's 1st appearance as host of American Bandstand
1957 AL beats NL 6-5 in 24th All Star Game (Busch Stadium, St Louis)
1957 Discovery of element 102 (Nobelium) announced
1958 Giant splash caused by fall of 90 million tons of rock & ice
into Lituya Bay, Alaska washes 1,800 feet up the mountain
1963 NL beats AL 5-3 in 34th All Star Game (Municipal Stad, Cleveland)
1968 39.83 cm (15.68") of rainfall, Columbus, Miss (state 24-hour record)
1968 NL beats AL 1-0 in 1st indoor All Star Game (Houston Astrodome)
1969 Tom Seaver's no-hit bid against Cubs ends with 1 out in the 9th
1972 1st tour of Paul McCartney & Wings (France)
1973 9th Maccabiah games opens in Tel Aviv, Israel
1976 Houston Astro Larry Dierker no-hits Montreal Expos, 6-0
1976 Uganda asks UN to condemn Israeli hostage rescue raid on Entebbe
1978 American Nazi Party, holds a rally at Marquette Park, Chicago
1978 L Chernykh discovers asteroid #2530 Shipka
1978 Nearly 100,000 demonstrators march on Wash DC for ERA
1979 Dr Walter Massey named director of Argonne national Lab
1979 Voyager 2 flies past Jupiter
1980 7 die in a stampede to see the pope in Brazil
1980 Walt Disney's "The Fox & The Hound" released
1981 The Jacksons begin a 36-city tour
1982 Margaret Thatcher begins her 2nd term as British prime minster
1982 Pan Am Boeing 727 crashes in Kenner, La, killing 153
1986 Att Gen's Com on Pornography links hard-core porn to sex crimes
1988 "Facts of Life," Lisa Whelchel weds Steve Cauble
1989 1st time Wimbeldon has both men & women's final on same day, Boris
Becker beats Stefan Edberg & Steffi Graf beats Martina Navratilova
1991 AL beats NL in 62nd All Star Game in Toronto

july 9th

1228 Death of Stephen Langton (b.ca.1155), Archbishop of Canterbury. It was Langtonwho formulated the original division of the Bible into chapters in the late 1100s.
1530 German reformer Martin Luther wrote in a letter: 'This is a definite sign thatwe are God's children, because we are men of peace.'
1838 Birth of Philip P. Bliss, American gospel singer and songwriter. His best-remembered hymns include 'Wonderful Words of Life,' 'It is Well with My Soul' and 'Let theLower Lights Be Burning.'
1843 Birth of Ralph E. Hudson, sacred composer and music publisher. His most enduringhymns include 'At the Cross' and 'Blessed Be the Name.'
1896 Birth of William Cameron Townsend, American missionary and linguist. In 1942 heestablished what has become the largest evangelical missionary agency in the world --Wycliffe Bible Translators (WBT).

July 9
1792 - S.L. Mitchell of Columbia College in New York City became the first Professor of Agriculture.
1808 - The leather-splitting machine was patented by Samuel Parker of Billerica, MA.

1847 - A 10-hour work day was established for workers in the State of New Hampshire. It's now down to eight hours, minus time for breaks, lunch and general goofing-off...

1872 - The doughnut cutter was patented by John F. Blondel of Thomaston, ME. Take your favorite policeman out for a donut today!

1878 - The corncob pipe was patented by Henry Tibbe of Washington, MO. You see, Henry was tired of sitting around, puffing on his string bean pipe and decided to go for something more convenient...

1910 - The first airplane to fly a mile in the air did so this day with W.R. Brookins of Atlantic City, NJ at the controls.

1922 - Johnny Weissmuller became the first to swim the 100-meters freestyle in less than a minute. The future Tarzan set the pace at an event in Alameda, CA.

1935 - American track star Norman Bright ran the two mile event in the record time of 9 minutes, 13.2 seconds at a meet in New York City.

1953 - The first commuter passenger service by helicopter began in America's largest city. New York Airways provided the lift for busy people who wanted to avoid the traffic below.

1968 - The first All-Star baseball game to be played indoors took place at the Astrodome in Houston, TX. The game produced only eight hits over nine innings and no runs were batted in. Willie Mays of the San Francisco Giants scored the only run on a single in the first inning. He moved to second on an errant pick-off play, went to third base on a wild pitch and scored on a double play. The National League beat the American League 1-0.

1969 - Tom Seaver of the New York Mets retired the first 25 Chicago Cubs he faced this day. However, with just two outs to go to get a perfect game, Seaver gave up a single to Jimmy Qualls. The Mets blanked the Cubs 4-0 in that one-hitter.

1972 - Paul McCartney appeared on stage for the first time since 1966 as his group, Wings, opened at Chateauvillon in the south of France.

1977 - Undercover Angel, by songwriter (turned pop singer) Alan O'Day, reached the top spot on the Billboard chart. It was not the first visit to the top of the pop music world for O'Day, though the million-seller would be his last as a singer. He wrote Angie Baby, a number one hit for Helen Reddy and the #3 hit, Rock And Roll Heaven, for The Righteous Brothers.

1984 - The Hoosier Dome in Indianapolis, IN was packed to the rafters. 67,596 spectators, the largest crowd to watch a basketball game in the United States, saw the U.S. men's Olympic team defeat a team of players from the NBA, 97-82. The largest crowd in the world to see a basketball game was in 1951. 75,000 spectators saw the Harlem Globetrotters play in Olympic Stadium in West Berlin, Germany.

1985 - Herschel Walker of the New Jersey Generals was named the Most Valuable Player in the United States Football League (USFL).

1985 - Football great Joe Namath signed a five-year pact with ABC-TV to provide commentary for Monday Night Football. The former New York Jets quarterback reportedly earned one million dollars a year for the job. Namath replaced 'Dandy' Don Meredith. Broadway Joe had previous experience with Monday Night Football as a player, when he and the Jets were the first team to play on the popular TV series on September 21, 1970.

1986 - A new Broadway showplace opened. It was the first new theatre on Broadway in 13 years. The Marquis Theatre, located at the corner of 46th Street and Broadway, seated 1,600 theatregoers.

july 9th

1987 1 million South Koreans demonstrate against Chun Doo Hwan regime
On this day, massive demonstrations erupted against the Chun Doo Hwan regime of South Korea. Despite some improvement in the economy during his term, the people of South Korea became increasingly disillusioned with his military regime. Mass rallies organized by opposition parties called for his immediate resignation and constitutional reform. Nevertheless, Chun served out his seven-year term. The constitution prevented him from seeking re-election, so he left office after the December 1987 elections in February 1988. Shortly thereafter, 47 of his aides and relatives were jailed and put on trial for their role in the coup that brought him to power. Chun was later pardoned by his successor and longtime ally, Roh Tae Woo.


1967 Gurkhas Protect Hong Kong Border
An armored column of Gurkhas stood guard on this day on the border between Hong Kong and mainland China. The tough Nepalese troops of the British Army relieved policemen who had been attacked by Chinese Communist forces at the border town of Shataukok. It was one of the most serious developments affecting relations between Hong Kong and China since the Chinese Communists came to power in 1949.

july 9th

1995 South Pacific - French commandos board the Greenpeace ship Rainbow Warrior II in the South Pacific; the ship is protesting continued French nuclear testing.
1991 Ottawa Ontario - Joe Clark 1939- says he will release the federal position on unity by September; cites divisions over issues between English and French ministers.
1991 St. Lazare Manitoba - 400 residents of St. Lazare flee homes when train carrying highly corrosive acetic anhydride derails; emergency evacuation ends after six days.
1991 Toronto Ontario - Brian Mulroney 1939- meets US President Bush at the SkyDome for talks on common approach to aid for Soviet Union; American League beat National League 4-2 in the first All-Star game held in Toronto.
1991 Montreal Quebec - International Human Rights Federation releases report citing human rights violations in the Oka crisis of 1990; Amnesty International report also cites mistreatment of natives by Quebec Police.
1988 Lisbon Portugal - Bryan Adams holds concert before record 30,000 person crowd in Lisbon; joined by British singer Bonnie Tyler singing 'Straight From the Heart' and No Way to Treat a Lady,' two of her hits which he had written.
1984 Ottawa Ontario - John Napier Turner 1929- calls federal general election for September 4, saying Canadians needed a 'renewal of confidence and certainty in this country.'
1976 Montreal Quebec - Houston Astros pitcher Larry Dierker hurls a no-hitter, fanning eight and walking four as the Astros beat the Montreal Expos 6-0.
1975 Teheran Iran - Canada and Iran sign trade agreements worth up to $2 billion.
1974 New York City - Springhill, Nova Scotia's Anne Murray has a #1 Billboard hit with 'He Thinks I Still Care.'
1969 Ottawa Ontario - Parliament passes the Official Languages Act, making English and French the official languages of federal administration in Canada.
1955 Stratford Ontario - Festival Singers of Toronto gave their first concert, at the Stratford Festival; formed in 1954 by Elmer Iseler, the choir turn professional in 1968, as the Festival Singers of Canada.
1947 London England - Buckingham Palace announces the engagement of Princess Elizabeth to Royal Navy Lieutenant Philip Mountbatten, a member of the Greek royal family.
1944 Caen France - Canadians and British capture Caen after massive bombardment by 467 planes from Bomber Command; urban area north of Orne River secured by nightfall by two British Divisions and the 3rd Canadian; the Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry Highlanders and the Sherbrooke Fusilier tanks are the first into the ruined city, although the famous Abbaye-aux-Hommes, 1000 years old, is untouched; 1,194 Canadian casualties, 334 are fatal.
1920 Quebec Quebec - Louis-Alexandre Taschereau sworn in as Liberal Premier of Quebec.
1904 Peterborough Ontario - Opening of giant hydraulic liftlock on the Trent-Severn Waterway; steamboat Stoney Lake first through lock from Rice Lake up the Otonabee River to the Kawartha Lakes.
1886 Ottawa Ontario - Crown grants general amnesty to those involved in Northwest Rebellion of 1885; except for murderers.
1847 Ottawa Ontario - Joseph-Bruno Guigues 1805-1874 appointed first Roman Catholic Bishop of Bytown.
1843 Montreal Quebec - Launch of the Prince Albert; first iron steamship built in Canada.
1837 Mackenzie River NWT - Thomas Simpson 1808-1840 reaches Mackenzie River with Peter Dease.
1827 Guelph Ontario - Group of 150 destitute and homeless settlers arrived in Ontario via New York; after emigrating from England to Venezuela where they found the climate, soil and political conditions inhospitable.
1811 Washington State - North West Company trader David Thompson raises the Union Jack at the junction of the Snake River and the Columbia, and claims the area for Britain; territory stays British until the Oregon Treaty of 1846 awards it to the United States.
1793 Niagara-on-the-Lake - Lieutenant-Governor John Graves Simcoe passes Act Against Slavery, banning the further import of slaves into Upper Canada, and limiting the contract of those remaining; Act declares that slaves' children should be free at age 25; all slaves entering the province from this date were henceforth automatically free.
1793 Quebec Quebec - Importation of slaves into Lower Canada prohibited; bill to abolish slavery failed until 1804.
1793 Montreal Quebec - Jacob Mountain 1749-1825 appointed first Anglican Bishop of Canada.
1755 Pittsburgh Pennsylvania - Daniel de Beaujeu 1711-1755 kills 600 of 1200 British regulars under General Edward Braddock in an ambush at Fort Duquesne; both Braddock and de Beaujeu mortally wounded in the Battle of the Monongahela, near present-day Pittsburgh. One survivor was an aide to Braddock - Col. George Washington - who wrote to his brother, 'But by the all-powerful dispensations of Providence, I have been protected beyond all human probability or expectation; for I had four bullets through my coat, and two horses shot under me, yet escaped unhurt, although death was leveling my companions on every side of me!'.
1749 Halifax Nova Scotia - Edward Cornwallis c1713-1753 founds new settlement of Halifax founded as naval settlement to counter Louisbourg.
1615 Huronia Ontario - Samuel de Champlain c1570-1635 travels up Ottawa River to Lake Nipissing, and down French River into Lake Huron; explores and maps; first discovered by Etienne Brulé and father Caron.

1940: Luftwaffe launches Battle of Britain


The German air force, the Luftwaffe, attacks shipping convoys off the south-east coast of England at the start of the battle to save Britain from invasion.



1943: Western Allies invade Sicily
British, Canadian and American troops arrive on the Mediterranean island of Sicily -largely unopposed by the Axis forces.



1996: Girl survives murder of mother and sister
The battered bodies of Lin Russell and her six-year-old daughter Megan are found half a mile from their home in Kent.



1985: Rainbow Warrior sinks in explosion
The Greenpeace flagship Rainbow Warrior is blown up in Auckland harbour, New Zealand.



1972: Whitelaw's secret meeting with IRA
The Secretary of State for Northern Ireland William Whitelaw is involved in secret talks with the provisional IRA in London.



2000: UK tidal wave of web users
One in four British homes is now using the internet according to figures released by the government.

july 10th

552 Origin of Armenian calendar
1629 1st non-Separatist Congregational Church in America founded (Salem, MA)
1690 Battle of Beachy Head-French fleet defeats Anglo-Dutch fleet
1775 Horatio Gates, issues order excluding blacks from Continental Army
1832 Pres Jackson vetoed legislation to re-charter 2nd Bank of US
1847 Urbain J.J. Leverrier & John Couch Adams, codiscoverers of Neptune
meet for 1st time at home of John Herschel
1850 VP Fillmore becomes pres following Zachary Taylor's death
1866 Indelible pencil patented by Edson P Clark, Northampton, Mass
1875 L Schulhof discovers asteroid #147 Protogeneia
1886 Eruption of Tarawera volcano destroys famous pink & white
calcium carbonate hot-spring terraces (North Island, New Zealand)
1890 Wyoming becomes 44th state
1892 1st concrete-paved street built (Bellefountaine, Ohio)
1910 Chicago White Sox Comiskey Park opens, visiting Browns win 2-0
1913 134ø F (57ø C), Greenland Ranch, Calif (US record)
1914 Boston Red Sox purchase Babe Ruth from the Baltimore Orioles
1917 Emma Goldman imprisoned for obstructing the draft
1918 Russian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic established
1919 Pres Wilson personally delivers Treaty of Versailles to Senate
1923 2-pound hailstones kill 23 & many cattle. (Rostov, Russia)
1923 All non-fascist parties disolved in Italy
1925 Jury selection took place in John T Scopes evolution trial
1925 USSR's official news agency TASS established
1926 Lake Denmark, NJ arsenal explodes, kills 21, $75m damage
1928 H E Wood discovers asteroid #3300
1929 In game between Pirates & Phillies 9 HRs hit 1 in each inning
1929 US issues newer, smaller-sized paper currency
1932 Jack Burnett gets 9 hits, Eddie Rommel relieves in 2nd & continues to
18-17 victory in 18 as his A's beats Indians in longest relief job
1933 1st police radio system operated, Eastchester Township, NY
1934 1st sitting US president to visit South America, FDR in Colombia
1934 AL beats NL 9-7 in 2nd All Star Game (Polo Grounds NY)
1934 Carl Hubbell strikes out Ruth, Gehrig & Foxx in the All star game
1936 109ø F (43ø C), Cumberland & Frederick, Maryland (state record)
1936 111ø F (44ø C), Phoenixville, Pennsylvania (state record)
1936 New Straits Convention allows Turkish rearmament of Dardanelles
1936 Phillies Chuck Klein becomes 4th to hit 4 HRs in a game
1940 Battle of Britain began as Nazi forces attacked by air
1943 US & Britain invade Sicily in WW II
1947 200 die when train derails & fell into a river in Canton, China
1947 Cleveland Indian Don Black no-hits Phila A's, 3-0
1949 1st practical rectangular TV tube announced-Toledo, Oh
1950 "Your Hit Parade" premiers on NBC (later CBS) TV
1951 Armistice talks to end Korean conflict began at Kaesong
1951 E L Johnson discovers asteroid #1609 Brenda
1951 NL beats AL 8-3 in 18th All Star Game (Briggs Stadium, Detroit)
1956 NL beats AL 7-3 in 23rd All Star Game (Griffith Stad, Washington)
1958 1st parking meter installed in England (625 installed)
1962 Martin Luther King Jr arrested during demonstration in Georgia
1962 NL beats AL 3-1 in 32nd All Star Game (DC Stadium, Wash)
1962 Telstar, 1st geosynchronous communications satellite, launched
1965 Beatles' "Beatles' "VI," album goes #1 & stays #1 for 6 weeks
1965 Rolling Stones score their 1st #1, "I Can't Get No Satisfaction"
1966 Orbiter 1 launched to Moon
1969 Chilean Association of Librarians created
1969 NL votes to split into 2 divisions
1972 Democratic convention opens in Miami Beach Florida (McGovern)
1972 Herd of stampeding elephants kills 24, Chandka Forest India
1973 Bahamas gain independence after 300 yrs of British rule (Nat'l Day)
1978 E F Helinand E Shoemaker discovers asteroid #3484
1978 Military coup in Mauritania
1980 Ayatollah Khomeini releases Iran hostage Richard I Queen
1980 Willie Jones hospitalized for heat stroke with record 46.5ø C temp
1981 CERN achieves 1st proton-antiproton beam collision (570 GeV)
1982 Miguel Vasquez makes 1st public quadruple somersault on trapeze
1983 E Bowell discovers asteroids #3222 Lillerand #3751
1985 Coca-Cola Co announces it will resume selling old formula Coke
1985 French agents sink Greenpeace's Rainbow Warrior in New Zealand
1990 AL beats NL 2-0 at Wrigley Field, Chicago
1990 AL beats NL 2-0 in 61st All Star Game (Wrigley Field Calif)
1990 Andrew Dice Clays cries on Arsenio Hall Show

July 10th

1509 Birth of John Calvin, French religious reformer. His 'Institutes of the ChristianReligion' became the most popular doctrinal statement of the Protestant Reformation.
1629 The first non-separatist Congregational church in America was established atSalem, Massachusetts.
1851 California Wesleyan College was chartered in Santa Clara, under sponsorship ofthe Methodist Church. In 1961 its name was changed to the University of the Pacific.
1925 The famous 'Scopes Monkey Trial' began in Dayton, TN, after high school biologyteacher John T. Scopes, 24, was charged with teaching evolution to his students.
1950 American missionary and martyr Jim Elliot wrote in his journal: 'I am just tryingto deliver familiar truth from the oblivion of general acceptance.'

July 10th

1951 Armistice talks to end Korean conflict began at Kaesong
In June of 1951, while the Korean War was being fought, the Soviet delegate to the UN formally proposed that the belligerents in Korea open discussions for a cease-fire. On this day, following preparatory talks, representatives of the UN and North Korean Communist commands began truce negotiations at Kaesong, North Korea. Talks continued intermittently for two years, and it was not until July 1953 that a truce agreement was signed at Panmunjom.

July 10th

1943 CANADIANS INVADE SICILY
Pachino Italy - In Operation Husky, Canadian 1st Infantry Division and 1st Tank Brigade invade Sicily with British 8th Army, U.S. and French troops; after training for 3 1/2 years in Britain; Sicily taken Aug. 17 with 2,434 Canadian casualties.

1789 Also On This Day...
Near Inuvik, NWT - Alexander Mackenzie 1764-1820 reaches flats and marshes of the Mackenzie Delta, struggles to within a short distance of Arctic Ocean before turning back.

1920 Also On This Day...
Ottawa Ontario - Robert Laird Borden 1854-1937 retires as head of Unionist Government due to ill-health; Canada's 8th Prime Minister, since Oct. 12, 1917; replaced by Arthur Meighen [in the picture], Canada's 9th Prime Minister to Dec. 29, 1921; then 1926.

In Other Events....
1991 Sechelt BC - Grace MacInnis dies at age 85; British Columbia's first female MP; daughter of CCF founder J.S. Woodsworth.
1991 Ottawa Ontario - Justice Minister Kim Campbell unveils draft law to extradite wanted criminals to home countries; to decrease stages of appeal from 7 to 3; also draft law on criminal insanity - insane defendants no longer indefinitely jailed.
1991 Ottawa Ontario - Jean Charest orders full-scale environmental assessment of Great Whale hydro project, but no stoppage; criticism from Quebec, environmentalists and Cree.
1987 Winnipeg Manitoba - Winnipeg musician and bandleader Jimmy King dies at age 67; director of the Jimmy King Orchestra and the Golden Boy Brass.
1985 Auckland, New Zealand - French agents sink 160-foot protest vessel, Rainbow Warrior, owned by Vancouver-based Greenpeace environmental group, with an underwater bomb, killing one crew member; France's defence minister will resign four months later, after it is reported he knew of the plot; two French secret service agents later plead guilty to manslaughter; Greenpeace protesting French nuclear tests in the South Pacific.
1982 Vancouver, BC - Three $2 ticket bettors win $579,129 apiece at the races in Exhibition Park.
1972 New York City - Leonid Brezhnev, Leader of the USSR, when asked by Time Magazine how many ballistic missiles were aimed at Toronto, replies: 'None; I have nothing against the Indians'.
1970 Quebec - Quebec passes provincial health insurance bill, joins the federal Medicare plan.
1969 Ontario - 17,000 Inco workers strike at plants in Sudbury and Port Colborne.
1967 Canada - Queen Elizabeth II 1926- starts 12-day tour of Maritime provinces with the Queen Mother.
1963 Ottawa Ontario - Government approves BC's signing of Columbia River Treaty; allowing project to start on Peace and Columbia rivers.
1958 Washington DC - John Diefenbaker and Dwight D. Eisenhower sign agreement to have Canada and the United States set up Joint Committee to guide North American defenses in the event of enemy attack.
1951 Ottawa Ontario - Canada formally ends state of war with Germany.
1946 Hamilton Ontario - Canada's first drive-in movie theatre opens in Hamilton.
1920 New Brunswick - New Brunswick votes for prohibition in a referendum.
1885 Ottawa Ontario - Government votes financial aid to CPR.
1869 Thunder Bay, Ontario - Montreal mining engineer Thomas McFarlane discovers rich vein of silver galena near Prince Arthur's Landing on Lake Superior; developed as Silver Islet mine.
1852 London England - Edward Inglefield 1820-1894 sets sail in Lady Franklin's yacht Isabella to search for Franklin; will enter Smith Sound and Kane Basin; names Ellesmere Island.
1827 Ontario - Chippewas cede 890,000 hectares in Lambton, Middlesex, Oxford, Perth, Waterloo and Wellington counties.
1755 Quebec Quebec - Pierre de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil 1698-1778 appointed Governor of New France; receives annual salary of 372 pounds; last French Governor, to Sept 8, 1760.
1690 The Pas Manitoba - Henry Kelsey c1667-1724 comes to what he calls Deerings Point, probably at bend in Saskatchewan River near The Pas; takes possession of land for HBC; winters there.<
1631 London England - King Charles I orders William Alexander to give Port Royal back to French and destroy fort built by son.
1628 Quebec Quebec - David & Lewis Kirke capture Tadoussac, Miscou, and Cap Tourmente, and seize supply ship of Hundred Associates; leave Quebec when Champlain makes show of strength and refuses to surrender.
1559 Paris France - King François II 1544-1560 starts reign; to 1560; on death of Henri II.

1979: Skylab tumbles back to Earth


The space laboratory, Skylab I, plunges to Earth scattering debris across the southern Indian Ocean and the sparsely populated Australian desert.



2000: Britain pioneers HIV vaccine
The World Aids Conference in South Africa announces trials for a new HIV vaccine will begin in Britain.



1977: Gay paper guilty of blasphemy
The Gay News and its editor is found guilty of blasphemous libel in the first case of its kind for more than fifty years.



1991: Anti-poll tax MP jailed
Labour MP Terry Fields is sentenced to 60 days in prison for refusing to pay his poll tax.



1987: Soldiers remember Passchendaele
Veterans return to the scene of the bloodiest battle of World War I to commemorate its 70th anniversary.

July 11th

1533 Pope Clement VII excommunicated England's King Henry VIII
1740 Jews are expelled from Little Russia by order of Czarina Anne
1781 Thomas Hutchins designated Geographer of the US
1792 Prussia army moves into French territory
1798 US Marine Corps created by an act of Congress
1804 VP Aaron Burr kills Alex Hamilton in a pistol duel near Weehawken
1812 US invades Canada (Detroit frontier)
1818 Keats writes "In the Cottage Where Burns Was Born," "Lines Written
in the Highlands," & "The Gadfly"
1864 Confederate forces led by Gen J Early begin invasion of Wash DC
1868 J C Watson discovers asteroid #100 Hekate
1888 118ø F (48ø C), Bennett, Colorado (state record)
1888 Pennsylvania's Monongehela River rises 32' after 24 hour rainfall
1901 L Carnera discovers asteroid #472 Roma
1905 Black intellectuals & activists organize Niagara movement
1916 1st federal grant-in-aid for state roads enacted
1918 M Wolf discovers asteroid #895 Helio
1921 Mongolia gains independence from China (National Day)
1931 NY Giants beat Phillies 23-8
1934 FDR became 1st pres to travel through Panama Canal
1936 Triborough Bridge linking Manhattan, Bronx & Queens opens
1939 Yanks host 7th All Star Game, McCarthy starts 6 Yanks, AL wins 3-1
1944 Bill Boggs, Phila, TV host/producer (Midday, Morton Downey Jr Show)
1944 NL beats AL 7-1 in 12th All Star Game (Pitts' Forbes Field)
1950 NL beats AL 4-3 (14 inn) in 17th All Star Game (Comiskey Park Chic)
Ted Williams breaks his elbow; 1st extra inning All Star Game
1952 Gen Eisenhower nominated as Republican presidential candidate
1954 1st White Citizens Council organizes in Indianola, Miss
1955 Congress authorizes all US currency to say "In God We Trust"
1955 New USAF Academy dedicated at Lowry AFB in Colo with 300 cadets
1960 Ivory Coast, Dahomey, Upper Volta & Niger declare independence
1960 NL beats AL 5-3 in 28th All Star Game (Municipal Stadium, KC)
1962 1st transatlantic TV transmission via satellite (Telstar I)
1962 Cosmonaut Micolaev set then record longest space flight - 4 days
1962 Fred Baldasare is 1st to swim English Channel underwater (scuba)
1967 Kenny Rogers forms 1st Edition
1967 Longest All Star Game, NL beats AL 2-1 (15 inn) (Anaheim Stadium, Cal)
1969 David Bowie releases "Space Oddity"
1969 Rolling Stones release "Honky Tonk Woman"
1971 Phillies Deron Johnson 3 HRs caps his 4 in a row
1974 House Judiciary Committee releases evidence on Watergate inquiry
1974 World Football League plays 1st games
1975 L Chernykh discovers asteroid #2489 Suvorov
1977 Medal of Freedom awarded posthumously to Rev Martin Luther King Jr
1978 NL beats AL 7-3 in 49th All Star Game (San Diego Stadium)
1979 US Skylab enters atmosphere over Australia & disintegrates
1980 American hostage Richard I Queen freed by Iran
1981 Sebastian Coe of UK sets record for 1000 m, 2:12.18
1982 Italy beats West Germany 3-1 for soccer's 12th World Cup in Madrid
1983 E Bowell discovers asteroid #3485 Barucci
1984 England's MusicBox begins satellite transmission to Europe
1984 NL beats AL 3-1 in 55th All Star Game (Candlestick Park SF)
1985 Astros' Nolan Ryan, 1st to strike out 4000 (Mets' Danny Heep)
1985 Refurbished Columbia moves overland from Palmdale to Dryden
1986 Ingrid Kristiansen of Norway runs 10,000 m in world record 30:13.74
1986 Maricica Puica of Romania runs 2,000 m in 5:28.69 (record for women)
1986 Mary Beth Whitehead christens surrogate Baby M, Sara
1987 Heart's "Alone," single goes #1 for 3 weeks
1988 Mike Tyson hires Donald Trump as an advisor
1989 AL beats NL 5-3, (3rd of last 4 All Star Games) in California
1989 President Ronald Reagan sportscasts the All Star Game
1990 NYC police arrest "Dartman" (stabbed over 50 women with darts)
1991 Total solar eclipse is seen in Hawaii

July 11th

1533 Clement VII excommunicated Henry VIII for divorcing Catherine of Aragon, andafterward marrying Anne Boleyn. Two years later, Henry broke with Rome and established theAnglican communion as the national religion of England.
1656 Ann Austin and Mary Fisher became the first Quakers to arrive in America Ä andwere promptly arrested. Five weeks later, they were deported back to England.
1952 American missionary and martyr Jim Elliot wrote in his journal: 'Teach me, LordJesus,... not to be hungering for the "strange and peculiar" when the common, ordinary, andregular, rightly taken, will suffice to feed and satisfy the soul.'
1955 American Presbyterian missionary Francis Schaeffer observed in a letter: 'No priceis too high to have a free conscience before God.'
1967 The Vatican reported that Albania had closed its last Roman Catholic church.(Albania is a tiny Balkan country with an area only the size of Maryland.