@hawkeye10,
Hawkeye is correct. It was not always so, but since 1968 in the good old US of A....
Quote:(Terry v. Ohio, 1968). Police can stop anyone if they have a "reasonable suspicion" That the person has, is currently, or is about to commit a crime. That suspicion can be based on behavior ("furtive movements," presence at a crime scene, intoxicated or overly emotional, etc.) or to an extent on appearance (not appropriate for the time or place, matching description of a wanted person, etc). "Racial profiling" would mean that none of those legal justifications are present but a person is stopped solely because of their race, which would not be allowed under Terry.
Once a legal stop has been made, the person can be frisked if an "experienced police officer" judges it necessary for his own safety or that of someone else. The search is only for weapons or contraband, and restricted under the "plain feel" doctrine, which essentially means that anything they find must be readily identifiable as a weapon or contraband.
====
Side note-- I was talking with friends the other evening about this Arizona law and our local (New York City) "Stop and Frisk" policy. The difference is while the cops stop and frisk people here, they do not, and are
not required by law as the cops will be under the Arizona law, to ask for proof of citizenship, mostly because the NYPD is not the INS.
Last year, the NYPD stopped and frisked 531,159 New Yorkers. About 90% of those stopped are either black or Hispanic.
I don't know why, but 531,159 seemed like a lot, so I looked up the population of Tucson, Arizona. Just for comparison sake.
It's 541,811
Joe(531,159 would take a big bite out of Tucson's crime)Nation