@FBM,
Firstly, Hobbes provides us with some useful insights into the possible origins of human governance. His was a jaundiced view, no doubt. He wrote at the time of the strife between the first King Charles and the Parliament, and of the three civil wars in the 17th century. You were referring to a passage in
Leviathan. He also wrote
Behemoth, the full title of which was
Behemoth, or The Long Parliament . The Long Parliament fought the civil wars against King Charles, and against the Scots and the royalists after Charles had been executed.
It helps to understand the context in which things are written, and it also helps to understand the context of a passage you quote. After the "discovery" of the so-called new world, European intellectuals indulged in all manner of foolish flights of philosophical fancy, one of the most popular being that of the "noble savage" living in harmony with nature and one another. Hobbes was arguing against the concept of a
summum bonum, a greater good as motivating human governance. In fact, he argued that the fear of death, of violent death, was what motivated people to join together to form governments, and also the desire to take from others what that group then desired. He was dismissing the idea of the
summum bonum, and arguing that the motive was a
summum malum, a greatest evil, being that fear of violent death. So, with a general sneer at the
philosophes, he is describint life in a state of nature:
"In such condition there is no place for industry, because the fruit thereof is uncertain, and consequently, not culture of the earth, no navigation, nor the use of commodities that may be imported by sea, no commodious building, no instruments of moving and removing such things as require much force, no knowledge of the face of the earth, no account of time, no arts, no letters, no society, and which is worst of all, continual fear and danger of violent death, and the life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short."
Hobbes is useful both for some basic ideas about human nature which, although perhaps colored by the political turmoil of his times, were not likely to be those of a Pollyanna, but more likely those of Ebeneezer Scrooge, and never to be reformed. They are a useful counterbalance to the unrealistic ideas of the Enlightenment. Hobbes was not the only one to take such a jaundiced view, either--c.f. Rousseau's
Discourse on the Origin and Basis of Inequality Among Men. The
philosophes were, i suspect, a standing annoyance to the skeptics of the 17th and 18th centuries.
I am not talking about why people are charitable, and i think that in fact i've pointed out that people will likely be charitable whether or not there is organized religion. I'm just pointing out that "faith communities" can organize charitable endeavors more effectively than individuals can. Without a doubt, religion can also exploit such sentiments to give Jim and Tammy Fae Bakker solid gold bathroom fixtures, too.