Ok... this one threw me for quite a loop. I have been studying, researching, and contemplating this for over a week now and I honestly don't think I have ever strained my brain quite as hard as I have on this stinking question! Sheesh! But I finally got it! Wooooooo hooooooooo! I was just about to give up and write this one off as a contradiction, but it looks like all my hard work and studying paid off... well hopefully... This is going to sound a bit far fetched at first but read it through and I think you'll understand where I'm going here... so here goes nothing... *sigh*
When did Absalom rebel against David?
Quote:2 Samuel 15:7
And it came to pass after forty years, that Absalom said unto the king, I pray thee, let me go and pay my vow, which I have vowed unto the LORD, in Hebron.
Quote:2 Samuel 5:4
David was thirty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned forty years.
The answer to the question is that Absalom's rebellion was in full force after forty years. Which doesn't seem possible since David only reigned for forty years right? But it is possible and here's how:
As I have said before the Hebrew language translates much different than ours. The word "reigned" actually had several different meanings and was used in several different contexts. Take a look at this:
The following are kings that "reigned" over Israel:
Og Reigned (Joshua 15:5) Solomon Reigned (1 Kings 4:21)
4910 mashal maw-shal' a primitive root; to rule:--(have, make to have) dominion, governor, X indeed, reign, (bear, cause to, have) rule(-ing, -r), have power.
Abimelech Reigned (Jud 9:22)
7786 suwr soor a primitive root; properly, to vanquish; by implication, to rule (causatively, crown):--make princes, have power, reign. See 5493.
David Reigned
4427 malak maw-lak' a primitive root; to reign; inceptively, to ascend the throne; causatively, to induct into royalty; hence (by implication) to take counsel:--consult, X indeed, be (make, set a, set up) king, be (make) queen, (begin to, make to) reign(-ing), rule, X surely.
Now, if you'll notice there is a very distinct difference between the "reigned" used for Og, Solomon, and Abimelech, and the one used for David. With the first three kings it is defined very clearly as ruling, governing, having power, and so forth. However, when you get to the definition of the word used in King Davids case the definition spreads out a bit. Goes from just having power or ruling to taking counsel, being inducted into royalty. It takes it to a more personal level.
King David was not like the other kings. If you read the whole story (as I have about 50 times in the last week

) you can see that he dealt with the people of Israel on a much more personal level. He didn't just sit on a throne, wave around his scepter and make demands of those "below" him. He was out there to be seen and talked to. He allowed many people into his presence to speak to him that most kings probably wouldn't have. He was very much involved in every aspect of ruling this kingdom at times. This kind of rulership fits right into the definition that is posed for when he reigned and actually explains how it is that if he only reigned for forty years Absalom could have rebelled after forty years.
The thing is with this kind of rulership if the people aren't following you or your leadership, technically you are not reigning over them. Twice in the time that David was king the people of Israel were led astray from him by someone rebelling and he was actually forced to leave his throne in the rebellion with Absalom:
Quote:2 Samuel 15
1 After this it happened that Absalom provided himself with chariots and horses, and fifty men to run before him. 2 Now Absalom would rise early and stand beside the way to the gate. So it was, whenever anyone who had a lawsuit came to the king for a decision, that Absalom would call to him and say, "What city are you from?" And he would say, "Your servant is from such and such a tribe of Israel." 3 Then Absalom would say to him, "Look, your case is good and right; but there is no deputy of the king to hear you." 4 Moreover Absalom would say, "Oh, that I were made judge in the land, and everyone who has any suit or cause would come to me; then I would give him justice." 5 And so it was, whenever anyone came near to bow down to him, that he would put out his hand and take him and kiss him. 6 In this manner Absalom acted toward all Israel who came to the king for judgment. So Absalom stole the hearts of the men of Israel.
7 Now it came to pass after forty years that Absalom said to the king, "Please, let me go to Hebron and pay the vow which I made to the LORD. 8 For your servant took a vow while I dwelt at Geshur in Syria, saying, ?'If the LORD indeed brings me back to Jerusalem, then I will serve the LORD.' 9 And the king said to him, "Go in peace." So he arose and went to Hebron. 10 Then Absalom sent spies throughout all the tribes of Israel, saying, "As soon as you hear the sound of the trumpet, then you shall say, ?'Absalom reigns in Hebron!'" 11 And with Absalom went two hundred men invited from Jerusalem, and they went along innocently and did not know anything. 12 Then Absalom sent for Ahithophel the Gilonite, David's counselor, from his city?-from Giloh?-while he offered sacrifices. And the conspiracy grew strong, for the people with Absalom continually increased in number.
13 Now a messenger came to David, saying, "The hearts of the men of Israel are with Absalom." 14 So David said to all his servants who were with him at Jerusalem, "Arise, and let us flee, or we shall not escape from Absalom. Make haste to depart, lest he overtake us suddenly and bring disaster upon us, and strike the city with the edge of the sword." 15 And the king's servants said to the king, "We are your servants, ready to do whatever my lord the king commands." 16 Then the king went out with all his household after him. But the king left ten women, concubines, to keep the house.
Quote:2 Samuel 16
15 Meanwhile Absalom and all the people, the men of Israel, came to Jerusalem; and Ahithophel was with him. 16 And so it was, when Hushai the Archite, David's friend, came to Absalom, that Hushai said to Absalom, "Long live the king! Long live the king!" 17 So Absalom said to Hushai, "Is this your loyalty to your friend? Why did you not go with your friend?" 18 And Hushai said to Absalom, "No, but whom the LORD and this people and all the men of Israel choose, his I will be, and with him I will remain. 19 Furthermore, whom should I serve? Should I not serve in the presence of his son? As I have served in your father's presence, so will I be in your presence."
Quote:2 Samuel 19
9 Now all the people were in a dispute throughout all the tribes of Israel, saying, "The king saved us from the hand of our enemies, he delivered us from the hand of the Philistines, and now he has fled from the land because of Absalom. 10 But Absalom, whom we anointed over us, has died in battle. Now therefore, why do you say nothing about bringing back the king?"... 14 So he swayed the hearts of all the men of Judah, just as the heart of one man, so that they sent this word to the king: "Return, you and all your servants!" 15 Then the king returned and came to the Jordan. And Judah came to Gilgal, to go to meet the king, to escort the king across the Jordan.
Quote:2 Samuel 20
1 And there happened to be there a rebel, whose name was Sheba the son of Bichri, a Benjamite. And he blew a trumpet, and said:
"We have no share in David,
Nor do we have inheritance in the son of Jesse;
Every man to his tents, O Israel!"
2 So every man of Israel deserted David, and followed Sheba the son of Bichri. But the men of Judah, from the Jordan as far as Jerusalem, remained loyal to their king.
Now, this rebellion didn't last nearly as long as the one with Absalom. When he did it, he did it right. He got everyone pretty much except Davids closest servants. He left David no other option but to run for his life. The question is... how long did it last? I have not a clue on that one. I could make a good guess though and say it was quite a while before David returned to his throne. From what I read it looks like he ruled for about five years before Absalom began his rebellion. Absalom was at it for fourty years, David was on the run for an unknown amount of years, then he returned and finished out his remaining 35 years (approximately) with one little blip from Sheba, turned over the kingdom to Solomon, and then died.