@Leadfoot,
I will divide my response into two sections.
First I want to explain why
Allah created us and sent on earth:
We know Allah knows everything. He knows the future and he knows who will end up in heaven and who will be in hell. Now let's assume that Allah creates us and straight away put everyone in their respective places in heaven and hell based on His knowledge alone.
The people who will be thrown into hell fire would say," what have we done to deserve hell ?"
Would that be fair ? Would that be Just. Because after all they haven't done anything yet and only proof is that's Allah knows everything.
That's the reason Allah created us and sent us on earth so that we can be tested first before he would punish or reward. Once our test is over, we will be witness of our own deeds and will not have an excuse to question Allah's Justice.
I think it was necessary to discuss before I discuss
why we are tests in this world.
One must remember that tests in our lives are only for our benefit. These test don't benefit Allah in any means as He is free of all needs.
Allah tests us in this life for several reasons and few of those are below:
1. Tests are the means by which Allah distinguishes between us, because they help to expose faith and lack of faith. Allah states in the Qur’an:
Quote:Do the people think that they will be left to say, “We believe” and they will not be tried? But We have certainly tried those before them, and Allah will surely make evident those who are truthful, and He will surely make evident those who are false. [Quran 29: 2-3]
2. Allah tests us to purify us and wash our sins. Prophet Muhammd PBUH said:
No calamity befalls a Muslim but that Allah expiates some of his sins because of it, even if it were the prick of a thorn. [Bukhari, Muslim]
Here I also want to mention that people who are tested most are the prophets and that is why the prophets will have a very high status in heavens. So instead of seeing tests as a punishment from Allah, this shows that in fact, Allah wants to save us from punishment – i.e. the punishment of the hereafter which is much worse than any test faced in this world.
3. A test can sometimes replace a worse misfortune
A test can be a form of protection from something that might have befallen us. Or being deprived of something might, in fact, be saving us from something that is not good for us, even though we don’t have the knowledge to realize it at the time. Allah tells us:
Quote:Perhaps you dislike a thing and Allah makes therein much good. [Quran 4: 19]
Therefore the test which might seem so awful to you at the time is, in fact, a blessing. For example if I miss flight due to traffic accident, then I may be upset about it but if I later find out that the flight I missed has been hijacked then I will thank for miss the flight due to that accident.
4. Tests are given to us to strengthen our faith
Prophet Muhammad PBUH said:
Quote:The people who face the most difficult tests are the prophets, then the righteous, then those following them in degree. A person is tried according to his religion. So if there is firmness in his religion, then the trial is increased, and if there is a weakness, then it is lightened. Verily a trial remains with a servant until he walks the earth having no sin left upon him [Bukhari]
Allah wants to refine us, out of His love and mercy, so that we can attain not just Paradise but the highest rank of the Prophets and the righteous. Tests expose our faults and weaknesses to ourselves – and that awareness enables us to be more focused and proactive in rectifying those aspects of our character.
Thats why you will see that people who reject Allah and are far away from beliving in any God will have very small or may be no tests. Their heaven is this world and they have nothing to enjoy in Hereafter.