@Tuna,
Tuna wrote:I didn't claim the USSR was despotic because it was an atheist state. I understood fresco to be claiming that intolerance of religion is justified by the fact that it is associated with social malignancy. The USSR and Communist China demonstrate that atheists don't necessarily do better. It's just incidental that the only examples we have of atheist states are catastrophic and make Saudi and Pakistan look like icons of sanity.
No, that's true, you didn't. In fact, it's difficult to know just exactly what you were claiming.
Tuna wrote:I would love to be able to say that atheism has a superior track record in regard to social good, or to at least be able to say its effects have been pernicious.
Huh? What the hell was that supposed to mean? You would like to say that atheism has a superior track record, or that it was pernicious? Perhaps you should take more care in what you write.
Quote:Unfortunately I can't. The Soviet Union and Communist China vie for the top spot, in term of scale, on the list of the worst cases of cultural self-mutilation the human species has ever seen. The Soviet Union was the world's first atheist state.
It is rather dubious to claim that the Soviet Union was a case of cultural self-mutilation. While it is true that the state interfered with artistic expression, almost all states do to a great or a lesser extent. The record of the Soviet Union in cultural expression was actually pretty good. Offending the Politburo may have meant that your movies or music did not get distributed, but by and large people weren't jailed for their cultural expression, as was so often the case in the former Russian empire. Eisenstein's
Alexander Nevsky was one of the greatest motion pictures of its day, with a score by Prokofiev. The film managed not just to be unoffensive to the state censors, it provided a vehicle for the filmmaker and the composer which was right in line with state propaganda. Dmitri Shostakovich flourished in the Soviet State, despite some few official condemnations. Authors like Pasternak, Yevtushenko and Tarakovskaya also flourished in the Soviet state. Rather than using florid claims about the cultural climate of the Soviet Union, maybe you should stick to the political crimes of the regime.
The Soviet Union was an atheistic state in the same sense that atheism is a belief set. Under Petr Alexeevitch ("Peter the Great"), the Russian Orthodox Church was made a bureaucracy of the empire. The reasons go back to the reign of his father, before he was even born--i won't go into those. But even before the Bolshevik revolution, after the earlier Russian revolution, the government stopped paying salaries to priests, monks and nuns, and stopped maintaining churches, monasteries and convents. This wan't because Kerensky and his government were atheistic, they just were not interested in using their few resources to support the church. The succeeding Soviet state did not indulge in religious persecution, simply neglect. (All stories of Russian Orthodox martyrdom, or nearly all of them, arise from priests and monks who actively supported Kolchak's White Russian army in the civil war, or were alleged to have done, and were executed by the Red Army.) No one in the Soviet Union was required to be an atheists, but as American politicians cannot afford so be seen as atheists, so Russians wishing to rise in the Communist party had to eschew any religious confession. The Soviet Union never launched a war to spread atheism, nor to attack its neighbors because of their religious confession. It's a shame that people still subscribe to the boogey man image of communist states. They were bad because of cults of personality--Stalin and Mao--not because of any inherent flaws of "atheism."
Quote:A theocracy could exert authority through an oligarchy or a republic. Iran is along the lines of a republic.
This suggests to me that you don't really understand what a republic is. Calling your country a republic does not make it true. But this statement is a non-sequitur in this conversation.
Quote:It's attributed to Seneca. I'm not sure who actually said it.
In the post Augustan empire, no one was ever required to practice a more than nominal adherence to the civic religion. I suggest to you that you should avoid historical analogy when it appears that you know little of history. Rome was not analogous to the Soviet Union, just as the Soviet Union was not analogous to the so-called "Islamic Republic."