@classicalcynic,
I'm not analytical but I can try. I am just streching tge definition of "observe" to mental objects, in addition to physical ones. The difference between the two types of objects is not that large. When you observe a chair, do you look at a bizarre contraption of wood, or at a recognizable concept: a "chair", something one can sit on?
Let's compare two situations:
In 1, you read a sentence and copy it by hand on paper.
In 2, you read the sentence, memorize it, and copy it on paper as you remember it.
For a simple sentence in your native language like "i love cats", the result of 1 = the result of 2. For more complex sentences, or sentences in foreign language, the results can vary, as your memory struggles to reconstruct the original.
What's the difference in terms of observation? In case 1 you observe the visual image of a sentence on paper or screen, a VIEW of it that is reasonably accurate, if imperfect because our senses are imperfect. But it is a mental object which you look at, a mental representation reliable enough, and processed for you by your brain based on data captured by your senses. That's what you copy on paper.
In case 2, what do you copy on paper? A memory, which is another mental object. Very different from an image, in general. More like the sound of the sentence if spoken out load, at least if you understand the language. That's the mental object you copy on paper.
But in both cases, you observed and documented on paper a mental object.