Quote:And what makes something beneficial
You mean what makes a certain response to a certain stimulus more beneficial than another? Basically cause and effect. Some responses promote survival and reproduction whilst others restrict them. Individuals who consistently respond to the world in a manner inappropriate for survival and reproduction simply die out, leaving those who do to flourish.
Quote:Suppose it happened a different way and brain reacts that it is beneficial to regularly burn my fingers, toes, knees, and elbows. Surely these would not be beneficial.
Correct, which is why it hasn't happened that way.
Quote:but what about immaterial things like love. The atheist values it, but why?
You seem to be intimating that love cannot be explained in an atheistic world view. The survival of humans depends largely on our ability to communicate and cooperate. An evolutionary atheist might explain love as really just a specialised form of mutual bonding for the purposes of reproduction.
Incidentally, I'm not an atheist although I realise my answers could come across like that.