I just read the entire thread and what a good discussion. Alcoholism and other addictions are also rampant in my family. I grew up with it most unpleasantly and have dealt with it on an ongoing basis my whole adult life. I once drank a lot but stopped short of crossing that invisible line into alcoholism. I have not a doubt in the world that line was out there for me, however, and it was close. It is a family disease and there is strong evidence that it can be hereditary though no gene has been conclusively identified to prove that.
To deal with my own demons and find some meaning to it all, I spent years in Al-Anon and took the training and became certified as an alcoholism counselor working mostly with families of alcoholics. (I do it strictly as a volunteer and I am not advocating any particular book, treatment center, or product here.)
Here are some thoughts after reading through the thread:
Nicotine is absolutely more addictive than alcohol. With a very few exceptions, pretty much one out of one people who regularly smoke cigarettes will become addicted to nicotine and will experience mild to extreme discomfort when they stop. Conversely, about one out of ten people who regularly drink alcohol will become alcoholic. (The odds go up considerably however if alcoholism runs strongly in your family.) There is no rule about how much alcohol it takes to become alcoholic and the invisible line is at different places for different people.
Alcoholism is a physical, mental, and spiritual malady that left untreated will generally lead to insanity and death if something else doesn't kill the person first. Alcohol abuse is the gateway and trigger for numerous other life-threatening diseases not the least of which can be various forms of cancer and destruction of the liver. Alcoholism produces a psychosis that clouds the person's mind and renders him/her incapable of seeing the reality of his/her condition for which s/he blames everything and everybody else. It is a progressive disease that proceeds with fits and starts, improvements and setbacks, but generally in a relentless downward spiral as the person's health deteriorates.
Andrew mentioned the 'bottom' and there can be numerous bottoms on the downward spiral. When he hits a bottom, the alcoholic does see and acknowledge (at least to himself) the reality of his situation, but the bottom doesn't last long--sometimes only a few minutes. Then the psychosis closes back in along with all the denial. The next bottom occurs further down the spiral.
Alcoholism is considered incurable, but it is definitely treatable. Tratment consists of providing emotional strength to not take that first drink. Some take to treatment better than others; some have an easier time of it than others. Treatment can consist of group work alone or can be a combination of hospitalization, counseling, drug therapy, etc. I have one dear friend who went through a 30-day threatment program seven times before it finally took. But it did finally take. He is now one of the most brillian alcoholism counselors I've ever known.
Families of alcoholics also often need help as it is a family disease affecting far more than the alcoholic alone. Untreated children of alcoholics are likely to become substance abusers themselves or will enter into relationships with potential or practicing addicts. Wives, parents, close friends will have their own demons to fight. The number one mistake most families make in dealing with an alcoholic is believing they don't need help to deal with the situation.
In my opinion, there are many substance abusers who are not addicts out there. These people can stop at will if they decide to stop even if they consume enormous amounts of alcohol, etc. But while all alcoholics must recognize their problem and participate in their own recovery, it is a very rare person who develops alcoholism and stops drinking without some kind of help.