NATIONAL ALLIANCE OF STATE SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS COALITIONS
News Brief #2985 Category: Postsecondary Education
TITLE: "Primed for Numbers: Are boys born better at math?"
Lawrence Summers' public suggestion that biology may explain why men outnumber women in the fields of math and science sent shock waves throughout academia. The Harvard University president has since apologized repeatedly for his comments, but some researchers are pointing to studies that they say support Summers' theory.
For example, cognitive research indicates that, when it comes to mathematical ability, girls tend to do better in arithmetic, and boys are more apt in spatial tests. Studies by M. Beth Casey, a professor of applied developmental and educational psychology at Boston College, suggest that this spatial aptitude may give boys an early advantage.
Casey measured the effect of students' self-confidence on their math ability, and compared that to the effect of their spatial and mechanical reasoning. Spatial skills proved three times as important as confidence. Yet, Casey notes, schools don't teach spatial math thinking. She is trying to address that gap by designing an elementary curriculum that emphasizes spatial-problem-solving skills (http://www2.bc.edu/~caseyb/oview.html).
Another study by Johns Hopkins University researchers tracked mathematically talented students to study how they arrived at education and career choices. The gifted females were also likely to have high verbal skills, and tended to put their broader abilities to use in the life sciences and humanities at higher rates than the boys. Thus, researchers say, it may be that women naturally gravitate to fields other than engineering and science.
Still, other researchers argue, slight gender differences can't begin to explain why fewer than 10 percent of tenured faculty members in mathematics are women.
"I no longer ask why there are so few women in mathematics; I ask why there are so many," said Alice Silverberg, a professor of mathematics and computer science at the University of California at Irvine. "I can think of few male mathematicians who would have stayed in the field if they had faced the prejudice and discrimination female mathematicians deal with."
SOURCE: Chronicle of Higher Education, 04 March 2005 (p. A01)
WEBSITE:
http://chronicle.com/prm/weekly/v51/i26/26a00102.htm
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