. Weird Words: Popinjay
A vain or conceited person, one given to pretentious displays.
This deeply insulting word is now rather dated or literary. A good
example can be found in Joseph Conrad's short story The End of the
Tether of 1902: "When he looked around in the club he saw only a
lot of conceited popinjays too selfish to think of making a good
woman happy".
Dictionaries say a "popinjay" was also at one time the usual name
for a parrot, and in that lies the origin of the derogatory term.
What could be more gaudily and squawkingly in your face than a
parrot? What more perfect term for an empty chatterer, fop or
coxcomb? Who's a pretty boy, then?
It's an ancient imprecation, already of some age when Shakespeare
used it in Henry IV, but the literal parrot sense goes back even
further, to the latter part of the fourteenth century. It was also
used for a device on a post to shoot at, the archers' equivalent of
the quintain, usually it seems because the mark was a figure of a
parrot. That explains references such as this one, in Old
Mortality, by Sir Walter Scott: "When the musters had been made,
and duly reported, the young men, as was usual, were to mix in
various sports, of which the chief was to shoot at the popinjay, an
ancient game formerly practised with archery, but at this period
with fire-arms".
The word travelled with the bird from Africa and can be traced back
to the Arabic "baba", through Spanish "papagayo" and Old French
"papeiaye". One of the earlier English versions (it had lots of
forms before it settled to the spelling we know now) was "papengay"
but it seems the ending was changed because people thought the name
referred to a sort of jay.
World Wide Words is copyright (c) Michael Quinion 2003. All rights
reserved. The Words Web site is at http://www.worldwidewords.org.
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