@High Strangeness,
I don't know enough about historical changes to the bible. I assume what was written was what was canonized and very little changes were made, so I am not among those that think things were substantially, if at all changed.
But that may be because I do not know the facts surrounding this issue.
Assuming then that what was written was true to what was written, what I do think happened was that those who wrote after others writings embellished that (to them) original account with stuff that ended up contradicting those earlier accounts. These people were not rocket scientists. They were all interested parties (which in my opinion is the most damning of all). All were seeking to make their newfound religion bigger, badder, better than previous religions.
None of them, for obvious reasons, had proper literary skills when it came to putting together a coherent, logical argument for their subject. And it wasn't just the early Christians, the other philosopher too, Plato, Aristotle - all the Greek philosophers suffered from their presuppositions about the information their senses gave them (such as how obvious it was that the earth was the center of the universe and that empirical perfection existed in shapes).
Bottom line, as a book that purports to have at its core the highest purpose and importance to us, does not fulfill what we now know today (since the advent of science) as a proper explication of a subject.
For recalcitrant passages, Christians appeal to exegesis, but then insist on using faith as their grounding? What about those who use eisegesis? What about those who do not have access to the original Greek or Aramaic or Hebrew so they can get a proper translation? Isn't the Bible supposed to be for all people for all times? Yet without so called exegesis, how much would someone get wrong? And they were getting certain things wrong, for centuries, because exegesis wasn't available to everyone. Those folks had to rely on a priest interpreting for them because they were illiterate.
Yet somehow with the advent of the aforementioned scientific (if you'll allow my stretching of the term) way of understanding things, we think that exegesis is necessary. Necessary to prove Jesus divinity, to extricate Christianity from all the contradictions.
Why not just make it plain, not up to interpretive explanation via exegesis or eisegesis? In fact, I think the latter suits Christianity more. The Bible clearly states it is by faith and that a gift of the Christian God. Why do you need all the other stuff? Side with Paul that you can look around and see God's handiwork and that should be enough..
Yet, somehow that's not enough, another contradiction. Somehow those heathens on islands who've never heard of Christianity, God has never given those people faith to understand. The word has to be carried by others to these people. Then God can 'give faith' to those people, but not before.
But wait, what about the interpretations, all the misinterpretations that the historical Christians brought with them regarding Jesus divinity, slavery, purgatory etc.? Oh wait, they weren't the REAL Christians were they? Too bad those heathens didn't have exegesis to help explain to them all these issues that exegesis claims to resolve. You see,
that word meant this,
not that. The people of that time would have interpreted it
this way, not
that way.
Oh, but wait, what does all that matter? What matters is accepting Jesus! Then why bother with the exegesis? And round and round we go..