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Does "otherwise" mean "in addition" here?

 
 
Reply Wed 4 Dec, 2013 09:51 am

Context:

As the reader might imagine, if the assumption is correct that one of our parents is the chimpanzee, then it should be possible actually to identify the other parent as well. A hybrid combines traits otherwise seen only separately in the two parental forms from which it is derived, and it is typically intermediate to those parents with respect to a wide range of characters. Naturalists routinely use these facts to identify the parents of hybrids of unknown origin, even backcross hybrids.
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Setanta
 
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Reply Wed 4 Dec, 2013 11:50 am
@oristarA,
No, it means that those traits are seen, individually, in the parent forms, and not seen together in any other case. As an example:

A sailing vessel rigged fore-and-aft has sails which are rigged along the center line of the ship. A sailing vessel which is square rigged has sails which are rigged on spars hung perpendicular to the center line of the ship. The two forms are distinct; otherwise seen together only on a hermaphrodite brig.

A fore and aft rigged ship

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c8/Effie_M._Morrissey_1894.jpg/220px-Effie_M._Morrissey_1894.jpg

A square rigged ship

http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/ship/images/rig-full.gif

Hermaphrodite brig

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/HermaphroditeBrig.png/300px-HermaphroditeBrig.png

So, hermaphrodite brigs combine the two types of sail rigging, which are otherwise not seen together. I don't feel that i'm getting the distinction across here, but this is the best i can do.
contrex
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  2  
Reply Wed 4 Dec, 2013 01:56 pm
Hybridity refers in its most basic sense to mixture. The essence of a 'hybrid' is that it combines traits or features otherwise seen only separately. A hybrid car has an electric motor and also a gasoline engine which are otherwise seen separately (in electric cars and gasoline powered cars).
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InfraBlue
 
  1  
Reply Wed 4 Dec, 2013 02:21 pm
"Otherwise" is used here to mean "under other or separate circumstances."
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McTag
 
  1  
Reply Wed 4 Dec, 2013 02:35 pm
@oristarA,

Quote:
A hybrid combines traits otherwise seen only separately


That meaning is clear.

The traits are usually only seen separately, the EXCEPTION being, as (part of) a hybrid.
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oristarA
 
  1  
Reply Thu 5 Dec, 2013 01:08 am
@Setanta,


A fore and aft rigged ship

The pic is too small to see it clearly. Who would like to find a good one?

A square rigged ship

I found this:

http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2013/07/05/article-2355858-1AA9FA83000005DC-484_634x470.jpg

Hermaphrodite brig

Is this a hermaphrodite brig?

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/Brig_Niagara_full_sail.jpg

You have to save the last one to your computer and then reopen it again, otherwise it is too big to be seen on the page.
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Setanta
 
  1  
Reply Thu 5 Dec, 2013 02:57 am
Lovely pix, Boss . . . i was rather more interested in giving you an idea of the usage of "otherwise," however.

(Your second picture simply shows a brig, not a hermaphrodite brig.)
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