@wmwcjr,
THANK U FOR THE ARTICLE, BILL; INTERESTING.
wmwcjr wrote:More fodder for discussion ...
Quote:Penn State and the 'Bystander Effect': Would you have done more?
How do you explain the failure of college officials to report the alleged sexual abuse of boys by a Penn State coach? People are really good at self-deception, writes David Brooks. We inflate our own virtues and predict we will behave more nobly than we actually do.
By David Brooks
Syndicated columnist
David Brooks wrote:First came the atrocity, then came the vanity. The atrocity is what Jerry Sandusky has been accused of doing at Penn State. The vanity is the outraged reaction of a zillion commentators over the past week, whose indignation is based on the assumption that if they had been in Joe Paterno's shoes, or assistant coach Mike McQueary's shoes, they would have behaved better. They would have taken action and stopped any sexual assaults.
If I had been in Joe P.'s position, I 'd not have arrogated unto
myself
the decision of whether to call the police, knowing that higher authority
might deem that decision to belong to
THEM, not to me,
but I 'd have called the alleged offender in for an interview.
Accordingly, he 'd have known that he was under scrutiny and
shoud not persist
in any such alleged conduct. Then I 'd pass the information along, as Joe P. did.
As to the conduct of Mike McQ., there were a few options,
depending upon the circumstances. If the victim were screaming n anally
bleeding
on the floor, u coud just
shoot the sodomite.
Of course, wounding his
medula oblongata woud swiftly end the conflict.
Lethal wounds 'd not be necessary, necessarily.
I imagine that a bloody hole in his foot woud end the sodomy,
but
less force might well be sufficient.
If
no sodomy were observable,
then less aggressive measures might be in order;
e.g., just approach n strike up a conversation:
"Good evening, Coach Sandusky! Who is this gentleman u have here?
Sir, my name is David. R u OK?? Do u need any help this evening ?"
If he answers affirmatively: escort him away.
David Brooks wrote:Unfortunately, none of us can safely make that assumption. Over the course of history — during the Holocaust, the Rwandan genocide or the street beatings that happen in American neighborhoods — the same pattern has emerged. Many people do not intervene. Very often they see but they don't see.
Some people simply can't process the horror in front of them. Some people suffer from what the psychologists call Normalcy Bias. When they find themselves in some unsettling circumstance, they shut down and pretend everything is normal.
Some people suffer from Motivated Blindness; they don't see what is not in their interest to see. Some people don't look at the things that make them uncomfortable. In one experiment, people were shown pictures, some of which contained sexual imagery. Machines tracked their eye movements. The people who were uncomfortable with sex never let their eyes dart over to the uncomfortable parts of the pictures.
As Daniel Goleman wrote in his book "Vital Lies, Simple Truths," "In order to avoid looking, some element of the mind must have known first what the picture contained, so that it knew what to avoid. The mind somehow grasps what is going on and rushes a protective filter into place, thus steering awareness away from what threatens."
Even in cases where people consciously register some offense, they still often don't intervene. In research done at Penn State and published in 1999, students were asked if they would make a stink if someone made a sexist remark in their presence. Half said yes. When researchers arranged for that to happen, only 16 percent protested.
A lot depends on the
specifics of the circumstances, e.g., how "sexist" is being defined.
A sexist remark qua either gender might well be true.
David Brooks wrote:In another experiment at a different school, 68 percent of students insisted they would refuse to answer if they were asked offensive questions during a job interview, but none actually objected when asked questions like, "Do you think it is appropriate for women to wear bras to work?"
So many people do nothing while witnessing ongoing crimes, psychologists have a name for it: the Bystander Effect. The more people are around to witness the crime, the less likely they are to intervene.
A lot depends on
WHAT the crime
IS.
The witness might
approve of the crime, depending on what it
is.
David Brooks wrote:Online you can find videos of savage beatings, with dozens of people watching blandly. The Kitty Genovese case from the '60s is mostly apocryphal, but hundreds of other cases are not. A woman was recently murdered at a yoga clothing store in Maryland while employees at the Apple Store next door heard the disturbing noises but did not investigate. Ilan Halimi, a French Jew, was tortured for 24 days by 20 Moroccan kidnappers, with the full knowledge of neighbors. Nobody did anything, and Halimi eventually was murdered.
The author
implies,
without evidence, that those nabors were on the side of the murder victim.
Is that good journalism??
David Brooks wrote:People are really good at self-deception. We attend to the facts we like and suppress the ones we don't. We inflate our own virtues and predict we will behave more nobly than we actually do.
Do we all
AGREE on what is
"NOBLE" ????? I don't think we do.
David Brooks wrote:As Max H. Bazerman and Ann E. Tenbrunsel write in their book, "Blind Spots," "When it comes time to make a decision, our thoughts are dominated by thoughts of how we want to behave; thoughts of how we should behave disappear."
In centuries past, people built moral systems that acknowledged this weakness. These systems emphasized our sinfulness. They reminded people of the evil within themselves. Life was seen as an inner struggle against the selfish forces inside.
FOR THE RECORD:
I wanna
support selfishness in everyone. I encourage that.
What we all need is
MORE selfishness!!!
David Brooks wrote:These vocabularies made people aware of how their weaknesses manifested themselves and how to exercise discipline over them. These systems gave people categories with which to process savagery and scripts to follow when they confronted it. They helped people make moral judgments and hold people responsible amid our frailties.
But we're not Puritans anymore. We live in a society oriented around our inner wonderfulness.
Wonderfulness =
SELFISHNESS!
David Brooks wrote:So when something atrocious happens, people look for some artificial, outside force that must have caused it — like the culture of college football, or some other favorite bogey. People look for laws that can be changed so it never happens again.
Commentators ruthlessly vilify all involved from the island of their own innocence. Everyone gets to proudly ask: "How could they have let this happen?"
The proper question is: How can we ourselves overcome our natural tendency to evade and self-deceive. That was the proper question after Abu Ghraib,
Again,
FOR THE RECORD:
During the Second World War, if I knew of the OSS torturing nazis
for information, or during the Third World War, if I knew of the CIA
or the Indonesians or the Chileans torturing & killing
commies,
I 'd have been of
NO help to the nazis nor the commies.
My loyalty was and is
against their interests.
David
David Brooks wrote:Bernie Madoff, the Wall Street follies and a thousand other scandals. But it's a question this society has a hard time asking because the most seductive evasion is the one that leads us to deny the underside of our own nature.
David Brooks is a regular columnist for The New York Times.