3
   

harbouring = hiding?

 
 
Reply Wed 5 Oct, 2011 09:10 pm

Context:

Advanced cephalosporins can no longer be used as empirical therapy in many countries. Hence, carbapenems, an antibiotic class that represents the last available weapon against many gram-negative bacilli, are being used increasingly for empirical therapy. Resistance to these agents will accelerate if carbapenems become standard first-line therapy worldwide, particularly in intensive care, where selective pressure and transmission risks are highest. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species can be highly resistant to ceftazidime, fluoroquinolones, and carbapenems. An increasing number of organisms are resistant to all antibiotics, including colistin12. K pneumoniae and E coli will probably become increasingly resistant to carbapenems by harbouring carbapenemases or nucleoside diphosphate enzymes, such as the New Delhi metallo-betalactamase (NDM1) 13. The spread of these resistant gram-negative organisms should be regarded as a growing but insufficiently publicised pandemic.Some drug resistance among Enterobacteriaceae came from the use of antibiotics in animals in the retail food chain. E coli and Salmonella strains resistant to fluoroquinolones and third-generation cephalosporins 14 have been associated with meat and poultry products.
 
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Lustig Andrei
 
  2  
Reply Wed 5 Oct, 2011 09:23 pm
@oristarA,
harbouring = giving space to; providing a home for; in this case the implication is "making use of."
oristarA
 
  1  
Reply Wed 5 Oct, 2011 09:28 pm
@Lustig Andrei,
Thank you.

In that context "insufficiently publicised pandemic" refers to "pandemic that is not suficiently propagandized"?

Plus, what does "retail food chain" mean in the context?

Context:
K pneumoniae and E coli will probably become increasingly resistant to carbapenems by harbouring carbapenemases or nucleoside diphosphate enzymes, such as the New Delhi metallo-betalactamase (NDM1) 13. The spread of these resistant gram-negative organisms should be regarded as a growing but insufficiently publicised pandemic.Some drug resistance among Enterobacteriaceae came from the use of antibiotics in animals in the retail food chain. E coli and Salmonella strains resistant to fluoroquinolones and third-generation cephalosporins 14 have been associated with meat and poultry products.
Lustig Andrei
 
  1  
Reply Wed 5 Oct, 2011 11:06 pm
@oristarA,
(1) Yes, "insuficiently publicised" means just that -- a pandemic that has not received sufficient notice in the press or other media.

(2) I'm really not sure what is meant by "retail food chain" in this context, unless the reference is to antibiotics being added to previously prepared animal food.
oristarA
 
  1  
Reply Thu 6 Oct, 2011 12:53 am
@Lustig Andrei,
Thank you.

I think I'd better to make "retail food chain" a new thread.
0 Replies
 
MontereyJack
  Selected Answer
 
  3  
Reply Thu 6 Oct, 2011 02:57 am
It's antibiotics that are fed to living animals that will eventually be eaten so that they will not get sick while they're growing. Disease inhibits growth. They grow up, they get bigger and healthier than theyh would otherwise be--more meat means more money for the farmer/rancher. They grow up, go to the slaughterhouse, get killed, get cut up, the parts are wrapped and go to market, and are bought by the consumer--that's the retail food chain. Traces of the antibiotics they ingested remain in the meat, the consumer eats it, the disease-causing organisms the consumer comes in contact with the antibiotic traces, which kill some of those organisms, but not all. The unkilled ones have some resistance to the antibiotic. Over time the ones left living reproduce and have offspring. Over time natural selection selects for organisms with more and more resistance, until the organisms develop great resistance, and then make the host sick even when exposed to heavier doses of the antibiotic.
oristarA
 
  1  
Reply Thu 6 Oct, 2011 07:49 am
@MontereyJack,
Thanks.
0 Replies
 
 

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