In a Medicare survey, only 4.2%, 1.7 million people, said they had trouble obtaining prescription drugs. So this largest entitlement program ever was pushed through for 4.2% of Medicare beneficiaries? Doesn't sound like a move to get votes at all.
Medicare as Pork Barrel
By Robert J. Samuelson
Monday, November 24, 2003; Page A21
Excerpt
Given all the excitement, you'd think that passing a Medicare drug benefit would solve one of the nation's pressing social problems.
It won't. But you wouldn't know that from politicians or the news media. They treat the elderly's problems in getting drugs as a major social crisis. You would know it if you'd read a government survey of Medicare recipients in 2002. It asked this question: "In the last six months, how much of a problem, if any, was it to get the prescription medicine you needed?" The answers were: 86.4 percent, not a problem; 9.4 percent, a small problem; 4.2 percent, a big problem.
Medicare has about 41 million beneficiaries, so even 4.2 percent represents about 1.7 million people. The survey doesn't say whether their problems reflected high drug costs, doctors' reluctance to write prescriptions or something else. But most people can somehow afford drugs. In 1999 about 30 percent of retirees had insurance from former employers. About 20 percent had government coverage (mainly from Medicaid and the Department of Veterans Affairs). Another 25 percent bought insurance -- Medigap -- or had some other coverage. For the very poor without coverage, pharmaceutical companies provide free or heavily discounted drugs.
No one designed this system. It is a flawed and messy hodgepodge that, on balance, works. It may not work forever, and it doesn't work for everyone. Some retirees without insurance suffer staggering drug costs. But no system will ever be perfect. The test of any replacement is whether it improves upon the status quo for the whole nation, not just retirees. By that test, Congress's drug benefit fails.
It would actually make a major national problem -- paying the baby boom's retirement benefits -- worse. In its first decade, costs are estimated at about $400 billion, which isn't so much compared with projected total federal spending of $28 trillion. But if a new "blockbuster" drug appears, forget the $400 billion estimate. Spending will explode anyway as baby boomers retire and drug use rises. Douglas Holtz-Eakin, director of the Congressional Budget Office, puts the second decade's costs between $1.3 trillion and $2 trillion.
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