ican711nm wrote:Joe, when you're ready, let's first discuss:
1. Whether or not the government periodically taking money from some and giving it to others, constitutes placing the some in involuntary servitude of the others .
2. Whether or not the government periodically taking a greater share of some of the dollars of income/revenue of some than the maximum government periodically takes from the dollars of others, constitutes a taking of private property for public use without just compensation.
I'd like to concentrate on your first point for now.
You've said: "I claim these unconstitutional government transfers of money compel some groups into involuntary servitude of other groups." As a result, you conclude that taxation (or some form of progressive taxation, I'm not exactly sure of the extent of your claim) actually violates the Thirteenth Amendment, because such taxation constitutes "involuntary servitude."
But you've also said that constitutional amendments should be interpreted according to the intent of "the drafters and adopters" of the amendments. Consequently, your interpretation of "involuntary servitude"
must be consistent with the intent of the framers and adopters of the Thirteenth Amendment: otherwise, your interpretation of the amendment is
improper and your conclusion is
invalid.
Now, what proof do you have that the framers and adopters of the Thirteenth Amendment understood the term "involuntary servitude" to include citizens paying too great a portion of their incomes as taxes? Quite clearly, the answer is:
none. Not only have you failed to produce any evidence to that effect, but it is simply
not possible to find such proof, for the rather obvious reason that
none exists.
The framers, adopters, and even disinterested bystanders understood the Thirteenth Amendment identically: it was designed to
eliminate negro slavery. The term "involuntary servitude" was used as a means to forestall any possibility of resurrecting the institution of slavery under a different name. There was, in other words, no intent to outlaw two different things (slavery and involuntary servitude), but rather just one thing (slavery) in whatever guise it might take.
This point was forcefully brought home in the
Civil Rights Cases, 109 U.S. 3 (1883), where Justice Bradley stated that the congress, by means of the Thirteenth Amendment, intended to "enact all necessary and proper laws for the obliteration and prevention of slavery, with all its badges and incidents." But the court ruled that the amendment did
not provide the basis for enacting laws designed to end racial discrimination. So, for instance, addressing the argument that the Thirteenth Amendment supported a statute outlawing discrimination in theaters and public accomodations, Bradley asked: "what has it [i.e. the statute] to do with the question of slavery?" In effect, the court, in 1883, said that the Thirteenth Amendment
only dealt with the issue of slavery, and that has been the law up to the present.
And it's clear that, in so holding, the court was absolutely correct. The congressional debates, the newspaper coverage, the actions of the state legislatures -- all the evidence points inescapably to the same conclusion:
everyone understood the intent behind the amendment to be the abolition of slavery, pure and simple. Any other interpretation that
ignored this fact would be adding an interpretative gloss on the amendment that the framers and adopters
unquestionably did not hold.
In other words, a reading of the term "involuntary servitude" in the Thirteenth Amendment to cover a situation where a free citizen is compelled to pay more taxes than some other citizen is
directly contrary to the original intent of the framers and adopters of the amendment. Your interpretation,
ican, is therefore,
according to your own principles of constitutional interpretation, improper and invalid. Indeed, such an interpretation of the amendment would -- in your definition -- be an improper amendment of the constitution.
On your own terms,
ican, this argument is completely unsustainable. You can either drop it, or admit that you yourself are not following the "original intent" of the constitution.