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Does English has other examples of English/German p->f alteration?

 
 
Reply Sat 29 Jun, 2019 02:57 am
Does English has other examples of English/German p->f alteration?

help->Hilfe
ship->Schiff
sleep->schlafen
sheep->Schaf
sharp->Scharf
step->Stufe
soap->Seife
grope->greifen
ape->Affe
gape->gaffen
stripe->Streifen
weapon->Waffe
hope->hoffen
lope->laufen
deep->tief
drip->triefen
heap->Haufen
open->offen
ripen->reifen
sup->saufen
shape->schaffen?
 
Jewels Vern
 
  3  
Reply Sun 30 Jun, 2019 04:04 am
@NickTheodorov,
All languages exhibit sound substitutions. For example, the bible mentions a river named Pareth. For a while that river was called Firat, and now it is called Euphrates. Another example is the Hiddekel/Diglat/Tigris.

Your examples merely illustrate that English is descended from German. Students of language are advised to study Latin first because that gives them almost half of the vocabulary for most other European languages, and German gives part of the other half.
Walter Hinteler
 
  2  
Reply Sun 30 Jun, 2019 06:30 am
@Jewels Vern,
The High German consonant shift (aka second Germanic consonant shift ):
Quote:
1. The three Germanic voiceless stops became fricatives in certain phonetic environments: English ship /ʃɪp/, Dutch schip [sxɪp], Norwegian skip [ʃi:p] versus German Schiff [ʃɪf];
2. The same sounds became affricates in other positions: Eng. apple /ˈæpəl/, Du. appel [ˈɑpəl], Nor. eple [ɛplə] vs. Ger. Apfel [ˈʔap͡fəl]; and
3. The three voiced stops became voiceless: Eng. door /dɔːr/, Du. deur [døːr], Nor. dør [døːr] vs. Ger. Tür [tyːɐ̯].
wikipedia
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