As rap brought Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell, OM, FRS, aka Bertie, to our attention I thought it might be worthwhile to follow the guy's logic for a post.
He wrote, in his essay Inference as a Habit-
Quote: If you hold an infant's limbs, you call out a rage reaction; this appears to be an "unlearned reaction". If you, and no one else, repeatedly hold an infant's limbs, the mere sight of you will call out a rage reaction after a time. When the infant learns to talk your name may have the same effect. If, later, he learns that you are an optician, he may come to hate all opticians; this may lead him to hate Spinoza because he made spectacles, and thence he may come to hate metaphysicians and Jews. For doing so he will no doubt have the most admirable reasons, which will seem to him real ones; he will never suspect the process of conditioning by which he has in fact arrived at his enthusiasm for the Ku Klux Klan. This is an example of conditioning in the emotional sphere; but it is rather in the muscular sphere that we must seek the origin of the practice of induction.
Which is of course biological. The infant's biological reflexes are being frustrated.
But later, at about 17, he may take a reflex fancy to a young lady who dresses and comports her person in such a way as to encourage males to take such a fancy to her.
In the muscular biological sphere this young man feels impelled to move towards her and if she doesn't reciprocate the fancy she may well, in order to save his face, use the religious concept of sin to resist his advances. In other words his reflexes seem to him to be frustrated by religious strictures and authority rather than his personal characteristics and he will thus come to hate this authority in the same way the infant did and extend his hatred to the whole religious hierarchy and all their works and doings and seek every opportunity to discredit it which is easy to do due to the historical tradition having been erected in a medieval world and him not having a full appreciation of their function.
In the absence of this type of protection afforded to young ladies, and even older ones, she will be forced to tell him that he is not up to snuff by her standards. He will therefore be driven, by what is a force similar to gravity, towards those ladies who have no concept of sin and are pretty open-minded about what constitutes "up to snuff", and whose compensations are strictly materialistic. As these are commonly reckoned to accomodate numerous husbands every week, sometimes every night, they will have more money to spend and thus be able to boss the marketing system in their favour. Naturally the classified advertising sections which cater for this market will be significant beneficiaries as it expands into unknown territory.
Thus the religious authority protects our young man's self esteem without him knowing.
Obviously, such principles of conditioning that Bertie was writing about will apply to all frustrations of muscular reflexes by any authority and so a general hatred of authority in human institutions will develop and to the signs of it, such as uniforms.
The individual will only be able then to find authority within himself which is bound to cause him to believe that all his assertions are valid and he will, further, tend to give undue authority to mechanical facts in nature but find himself unable to live according to the principles they exhibit.
Also obviously, religious precepts would only ever be brought into service to inhibit strong natural reflexes and without such precepts the natural reflexes would have scope to run amok as those framing alternative regulations could hardly be expected to inhibit their own such reflexes, being the ones who do rather than the ones to whom it is done, as history has proved on a very large number of occasions.