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Intelligent Design Theory: Science or Religion?

 
 
wandeljw
 
  1  
Mon 4 Sep, 2006 08:20 pm
real life wrote:
Evolution is supposed to be able to produce whole new organs, biological systems etc If evolution is occurring now , we should be able to see this.

Do you have any examples of half completed organs or biological systems which are evolving in-progress presently?


Populations evolve. Advantageous traits are passed on. Over time, populations change.

Here is a brief explanation of evolutionary theory:
Quote:

Source: David Quammen, National Geographic Magazine, November 2004
0 Replies
 
Wolf ODonnell
 
  1  
Tue 5 Sep, 2006 05:51 am
real life wrote:
Evolution is supposed to be able to produce whole new organs, biological systems etc If evolution is occurring now , we should be able to see this.


No... Evolution is supposed to produce advantages. That could mean the lack of an organ or biological system, or the addition of one. There is nothing to state that Evolution requires new organs or biological systems to be created.

Quote:
Do you have any examples of half completed organs or biological systems which are evolving in-progress presently?


Your question belies a misunderstanding of the process of Evolution. Changes don't half develop. You either get the mutations or you don't. It's as simple as that.

A fish has a two-chambered heart. Reptiles and amphibians have three (two atria and one ventricle). We have four. Are their hearts not fully completed? No. What if we were to evolve into a species that has eight chambers instead of four? Does that mean our hearts are half completed? No. If it functions, it's complete. End of story.

Some reptiles, by the way, actually have a partial separation of the ventricle. Other reptiles have full separation and therefore four chambers.
http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookcircSYS.html

But none of those species can be considered to have half-completed organs.
0 Replies
 
real life
 
  1  
Tue 5 Sep, 2006 06:31 am
wandeljw wrote:
real life wrote:
Evolution is supposed to be able to produce whole new organs, biological systems etc If evolution is occurring now , we should be able to see this.

Do you have any examples of half completed organs or biological systems which are evolving in-progress presently?


Populations evolve. Advantageous traits are passed on. Over time, populations change.



hi wandeljw,

Of course for populations to evolve, individuals must do so first.

Do you have any examples of half completed organs or biological systems which are evolving in-progress in any given population?

If evolution is occurring today, we should see lots and lots of examples of this.
0 Replies
 
Wolf ODonnell
 
  1  
Tue 5 Sep, 2006 06:43 am
real life wrote:
Do you have any examples of half completed organs or biological systems which are evolving in-progress in any given population?

If evolution is occurring today, we should see lots and lots of examples of this.


As I told you before, you're talking bullshit.

http://www.able2know.com/forums/viewtopic.php?p=2246742#2246742
0 Replies
 
real life
 
  1  
Tue 5 Sep, 2006 06:45 am
Wolf_ODonnell wrote:
real life wrote:
Evolution is supposed to be able to produce whole new organs, biological systems etc If evolution is occurring now , we should be able to see this.


No... Evolution is supposed to produce advantages. That could mean the lack of an organ or biological system, or the addition of one. There is nothing to state that Evolution requires new organs or biological systems to be created.


Every organ and every biological system of every living creature today was the result of evolution, according to it's proponents. Belief in the evolutionary story requires belief that this occurred and that evolution is ongoing today.

So we should see the same thing that we are told has happened countless times in the past, if the story is accurate.

Wolf_ODonnell wrote:
real life wrote:
Do you have any examples of half completed organs or biological systems which are evolving in-progress presently?


Your question belies a misunderstanding of the process of Evolution. Changes don't half develop. You either get the mutations or you don't. It's as simple as that.



To develop a new organ or biological system, aren't the changes supposed to be small , incremental ones? Not one mutation and BAM you've got a new organ, right?

The eye, for instance, would take quite a number of mutations to develop the various tissues, chemical processes and support that are needed for the eye to function, no?

A critter didn't just get 'the' mutation for an eye and there it was, did he? I don't think that is what you meant, but what you said left that impression so I give you the opportunity to clarify.

Now many evolutionists believe that the eye evolved DOZENS of times independently of one another. In this interesting view, we are told that perhaps as many as 40 (or more) critters have evolved eyes without inheriting them from their forebearers.

As unlikely as it is that even 1 eye would evolve, it does seem a stretch to believe that it could happen 40 times.
0 Replies
 
Wolf ODonnell
 
  1  
Tue 5 Sep, 2006 07:07 am
real life wrote:
Every organ and every biological system of every living creature today was the result of evolution, according to it's proponents. Belief in the evolutionary story requires belief that this occurred and that evolution is ongoing today.

So we should see the same thing that we are told has happened countless times in the past, if the story is accurate.


We should only see the same things, if the environment is driving evolution through natural selection. It doesn't happen all the time, RL. However, I can give you plenty of documented speciation events, if you so wish.

real life wrote:
To develop a new organ or biological system, aren't the changes supposed to be small , incremental ones? Not one mutation and BAM you've got a new organ, right?


Not a biological system, RL. However, you talk about half-completed and incomplete systems. As I stated later, if it functions, it's complete.

Quote:
The eye, for instance, would take quite a number of mutations to develop the various tissues, chemical processes and support that are needed for the eye to function, no?

Now many evolutionists believe that the eye evolved DOZENS of times independently of one another. In this interesting view, we are told that perhaps as many as 40 (or more) critters have evolved eyes without inheriting them from their forebearers.

As unlikely as it is that even 1 eye would evolve, it does seem a stretch to believe that it could happen 40 times.


It could, because it's not the same eye that's being developed.

Does the eye of an insect look anything like the eye for a human? No. Does it use the exact same biological systems as the human eye? No.

As for thinking it unlikely that 1 eye would evolve forty times. The below is a reference to an experiment that calculates the maximum amount of time it would take for an eye to evolve. It uses the most pessimistic estimate and comes up with an answer of 364,000 generations.

Nilsson, D.-E. and S. Pelger, 1994. A pessimistic estimate of the time required for an eye to evolve. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Biological Sciences, 256: 53-58.

If we take each generation to be only one year, that still makes plenty of time for the eye to develop more than once.

Dinoflagellates are single cells, but they have eyespots that allow them to orient toward light sources (Kreimer 1999).

Starfish and flatworms have eyecups; clustering light-sensitive cells in a depression allows animals to more accurately detect the direction from which the light is coming from.

Snails have some of the simplest eyes (called ocelli) in existence. They only detect whether it's light or dark, which only requires photosensitive cells. You can't really say they're eyes, because snails don't actually "see" in the normal sense of the word.

Humans have a blind spot caused by the wiring of their retinas; octopuses do not.

Other organisms don't have eyes at all, like those at the very bottom of the sea and those hidden away in underground caves where no light will ever reach them.

However, eyes is not my line of expertise, so I'll refrain from continuing before I make an error.
0 Replies
 
Thomas
 
  1  
Tue 5 Sep, 2006 08:00 am
real life wrote:
The example of bacteria which are resistant to antibiotics is a poor one IMHO, and I am surprised that it is so frequently cited. These little critters start as bacteria and end as bacteria. Have any of them produced offspring that were NOT bacteria?

No. But your claim was that "[n]obody observed evolution and it is not occurring now for us to observe." To refute your claim, I don't have to show you bacteria that evolve into non-bacteria to refute that. All I have to show you is a generation of bacteria featuring distinguishable differences with members of their ancestor generations. Compare Webster, definition 3b, Phylogeny: "[A] theory that the various types of animals and plants have their origin in other preexisting types and that the distinguishable differences are due to modifications in successive generations; also : the process described by this theory".

real life wrote:
Do you have any examples of half completed organs or biological systems which are evolving in-progress presently?

Maybe -- but it's unknowable in advance, because evolution is not directed towards any pre-specified design goal. Instead, it's directed towards survival, no matter what physical features achieve it. Thus, our present eyes may well be half-completed infrared sensors; our arms may well be half-completed wings; our noses may well be half-completed, elephant-like trunks. I am sure that a million years in the future, some observer will look at our fossils and discover his contemporary organs in some half-completed state. But it's impossible to know in advance what they will be.
0 Replies
 
rosborne979
 
  1  
Tue 5 Sep, 2006 08:07 am
real life wrote:
Of course for populations to evolve, individuals must do so first.


No. Populations Evolve. Individuals Change. Every single individual can give rise to a different individual. Those differences can accumulate selectively within a population, resulting in evolution.

Nowhere in the theory of evolution does it imply that a bacteria will give birth to a non-bacteria. And your repeated request for examples of this to prove evolution only serve to prove that you don't understand what evolution is.
0 Replies
 
Wolf ODonnell
 
  1  
Tue 5 Sep, 2006 08:20 am
Quote:
Speciation is generally regarded to result from the splitting of a single lineage. An alternative is hybrid speciation, considered to be extremely rare, in which two distinct lineages contribute genes to a daughter species. Here we show that a hybrid trait in an animal species can directly cause reproductive isolation. The butterfly species Heliconius heurippa is known to have an intermediate morphology and a hybrid genome, and we have recreated its intermediate wing colour and pattern through laboratory crosses between H. melpomene, H. cydno and their F1 hybrids. We then used mate preference experiments to show that the phenotype of H. heurippa reproductively isolates it from both parental species. There is strong assortative mating between all three species, and in H. heurippa the wing pattern and colour elements derived from H. melpomene and H. cydno are both critical for mate recognition by males.

Mavarez J, Salazar CA, Bermingham E, Salcedo C, Jiggins CD, Linares M. Nature. 2006 Jun 15;441(7095):868-71.


Here is an example of an intermediate species created from the mating of two different species to form a third. Yes, they may still be butterlifes, but they are still different species.
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spendius
 
  1  
Tue 5 Sep, 2006 09:53 am
One can easily imagine a meeting of the Dover school board in terms of the last 8 posts. No conclusion is possible until the voters decide and they have other issues on their minds on top of this one.

Obviously, in this case rl is outvoted when the scheduled timetable of the meeting demands it or if there's a big match on and religion is eradicated from the A2K school except that some of the students, most of them in some places, bring it in themselves and a broohaha erupts of whatever proportions.

Meanwhile the students are getting older and their time as students is passing while this lot up here battle for supremacy with their fatuous knowledge which has no relevance to the students who could easily find the arguments from either side should they have a mind to do so.

In another meeting in another place rl might be on the majority side. But wherever the meeting is the debate is conducted without any reference to the students or to the function of education. It reduces to a battle of egos.

It's enough to make a cat laugh.
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blatham
 
  1  
Tue 5 Sep, 2006 11:45 am
dworkin up

http://www.nybooks.com/articles/19271
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Thomas
 
  1  
Tue 5 Sep, 2006 12:12 pm
blatham wrote:

Interesting essay -- although he forgot to review a book, which seems a little odd in a publication titled "The New York Review of Books". Wink
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spendius
 
  1  
Tue 5 Sep, 2006 05:22 pm
Thomas wrote-

Quote:
I do not believe the United States of America ought to be involved in aggression.


That really is very decent of you old chap I must say. And quite clever too.

Reaping the rewards of aggression whilst being approved of by all the maiden aunts for one's virtuousness is a very difficult manoevre to manage and I daresay Mr Bush is insanely jealous of anyone who can pull it off without breaking sweat.

You are a genius Thomas. Why didn't we all think of that?
0 Replies
 
real life
 
  1  
Tue 5 Sep, 2006 07:12 pm
Thomas wrote:
real life wrote:
The example of bacteria which are resistant to antibiotics is a poor one IMHO, and I am surprised that it is so frequently cited. These little critters start as bacteria and end as bacteria. Have any of them produced offspring that were NOT bacteria?

No. But your claim was that "[n]obody observed evolution and it is not occurring now for us to observe." To refute your claim, I don't have to show you bacteria that evolve into non-bacteria to refute that. All I have to show you is a generation of bacteria featuring distinguishable differences with members of their ancestor generations. Compare Webster, definition 3b, Phylogeny: "[A] theory that the various types of animals and plants have their origin in other preexisting types and that the distinguishable differences are due to modifications in successive generations; also : the process described by this theory".



If my kids are taller and stronger than I and are more resistant to the flu, is it because they have 'evolved'? They show distinguishable differences with their ancestors, don't they?

What if their kids are small and prone to flu? Have they 'evolved'? For they too show distinguishable differences with their ancestors, right?

Bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics need not have 'evolved' but may indeed have the ability to resist harmful environmental agents, just as we do.

It's not necessary to invoke 'evolution' to explain it at all.

Thomas wrote:
Maybe -- but it's unknowable in advance, because evolution is not directed towards any pre-specified design goal. Instead, it's directed towards survival, no matter what physical features achieve it. Thus, our present eyes may well be half-completed infrared sensors; our arms may well be half-completed wings; our noses may well be half-completed, elephant-like trunks. I am sure that a million years in the future, some observer will look at our fossils and discover his contemporary organs in some half-completed state. But it's impossible to know in advance what they will be.


Now if evolution truly is taking place, we ought also (besides all the micro examples that everybody seems to wish demonstrate the theory) be able to see some half finished organs and biological systems.

Your examples do provide some humor ( I like the infrared sensors) , but seriously do you think when the intestines were half evolved that they really functioned like a complete version of anything? How about the pancreas? Or the lungs , half finished and without a trach? Bones, half finished with no ligaments or tendons? Do you think that any of these functioned as a complete organ, or had any function at all?

When the first living critter supposedly popped itself together from non-living matter, it had better be instantly successful at nourishing itself, excreting waste, protecting itself against chemical destruction, reproducing itself etc.

And it had better do it in a hurry because likely it's life span was short , similar to one celled critters today.

If it wasn't instantly successful at all of these endeavors, the result is death and it's back to the ol' drawing board for Random Chance to try to 'evolve' a living being from dead matter.

There really wasn't any room for half-measures.
0 Replies
 
real life
 
  1  
Tue 5 Sep, 2006 07:21 pm
rosborne979 wrote:
real life wrote:
Of course for populations to evolve, individuals must do so first.


No. Populations Evolve. Individuals Change. Every single individual can give rise to a different individual. Those differences can accumulate selectively within a population, resulting in evolution.

Nowhere in the theory of evolution does it imply that a bacteria will give birth to a non-bacteria. And your repeated request for examples of this to prove evolution only serve to prove that you don't understand what evolution is.


Evolution absolutely includes the idea that one celled critters did indeed produce multi-celled critters as their direct offspring.

It also necessitates that non-birds produced birds and non-mammals produced mammals as their direct offspring, etc.

Your continual effort to run from this very obvious consequence of evolution is quite interesting.
0 Replies
 
real life
 
  1  
Tue 5 Sep, 2006 07:34 pm
Wolf_ODonnell wrote:
Quote:
Speciation is generally regarded to result from the splitting of a single lineage. An alternative is hybrid speciation, considered to be extremely rare, in which two distinct lineages contribute genes to a daughter species. Here we show that a hybrid trait in an animal species can directly cause reproductive isolation. The butterfly species Heliconius heurippa is known to have an intermediate morphology and a hybrid genome, and we have recreated its intermediate wing colour and pattern through laboratory crosses between H. melpomene, H. cydno and their F1 hybrids. We then used mate preference experiments to show that the phenotype of H. heurippa reproductively isolates it from both parental species. There is strong assortative mating between all three species, and in H. heurippa the wing pattern and colour elements derived from H. melpomene and H. cydno are both critical for mate recognition by males.

Mavarez J, Salazar CA, Bermingham E, Salcedo C, Jiggins CD, Linares M. Nature. 2006 Jun 15;441(7095):868-71.


Here is an example of an intermediate species created from the mating of two different species to form a third. Yes, they may still be butterlifes, but they are still different species.


They are different 'species' only because we have arbitrarily decided to call them such.

All taxonomical distinctions are, by definition , arbitrary.

So, pointing to numerous similar critters and intoning , 'they are all different species' is really saying nothing.

By some definitions of 'species' , the qualifying critter cannot interbreed with a member of another 'species' . If we use that criteria, then obviously we didn't start with two 'species' here at all. Both mom and pop in your example were members of the same species , if interbreeding is the line of demarcation.
0 Replies
 
Wolf ODonnell
 
  1  
Wed 6 Sep, 2006 05:28 am
real life wrote:
If my kids are taller and stronger than I and are more resistant to the flu, is it because they have 'evolved'? They show distinguishable differences with their ancestors, don't they?

What if their kids are small and prone to flu? Have they 'evolved'? For they too show distinguishable differences with their ancestors, right?


In a way yes, but in a way no. They're not a different species, if that's what you mean. They have evolved resistance to the flu. If their offspring, however, are smaller and prone to flu, then that doesn't mean they've evolved. They've lost an attribute that makes them weaker and less capable of surviving. That is not evolution.

Quote:
Bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics need not have 'evolved' but may indeed have the ability to resist harmful environmental agents, just as we do.


That's still evolution. Micro-evolution, which you Creationists keep saying is different from macro-evolution, despite the fact that both require the same process of mutation then natural selection.

real life? wrote:
Now if evolution truly is taking place, we ought also (besides all the micro examples that everybody seems to wish demonstrate the theory) be able to see some half finished organs and biological systems.


I keep telling you. Half-finished biological systems do not exist. You keep creating a strawman then attacking it. Evolution states nothing about half-finished anything.

I gave you examples of hearts with varying different chambers. I gave you examples of eyes that have less features than ours and eyes that have more features than ours.

You ignored them as irrelevant, despite the fact that they're proof of these "half-finished" organs you insist on finding.

Quote:
Or the lungs , half finished and without a trach?


Oh, you mean like gills? Oh you might say that gills are gills, not lungs, but they are lungs of a sort. They help fish to breathe, but there is no trachea present.

Quote:
When the first living critter supposedly popped itself together from non-living matter, it had better be instantly successful at nourishing itself, excreting waste, protecting itself against chemical destruction, reproducing itself etc.

And it had better do it in a hurry because likely it's life span was short , similar to one celled critters today.

If it wasn't instantly successful at all of these endeavors, the result is death and it's back to the ol' drawing board for Random Chance to try to 'evolve' a living being from dead matter.

There really wasn't any room for half-measures.


Your point is completely ridiculous.

I gave you an example of an eye that was less than half-measure. The "eye" of a snail is only one type of cell. Compare that to our eyes, which are numerous different types of cells. Yet the snail survives.

There are creatures out there with hearts that have less chambers than ours, yet they clearly survive.

Quote:
Evolution absolutely includes the idea that one celled critters did indeed produce multi-celled critters as their direct offspring.


It also includes the idea that two types of one-celled critters come together to live symbiotically. They share DNA, as single-celled critters are far better at sharing DNA than others (Heck, if passing on DNA is considered sex, bacteria have orgies with all sorts of different species and cells) and eventually reproduce as one.

Quote:
It also necessitates that non-birds produced birds and non-mammals produced mammals as their direct offspring, etc.

Your continual effort to run from this very obvious consequence of evolution is quite interesting.


Birds are the direct descendents of reptiles like the raptor. The anatomical similarities are evidence of that, as well as the physiological similarities. DNA similarities are also present.

Quote:
They are different 'species' only because we have arbitrarily decided to call them such.

All taxonomical distinctions are, by definition , arbitrary.

So, pointing to numerous similar critters and intoning , 'they are all different species' is really saying nothing.

By some definitions of 'species' , the qualifying critter cannot interbreed with a member of another 'species' . If we use that criteria, then obviously we didn't start with two 'species' here at all. Both mom and pop in your example were members of the same species , if interbreeding is the line of demarcation.


Yes, but you failed to read the part that the third species created cannot breed with its parent species. Thus is is a new species, regardless of whether you want to quibble about the definition of the parent species.

Furthermore, you wanted proof of an intermediate gradual change. Well, this is an intermediate gradual change.
0 Replies
 
spendius
 
  1  
Wed 6 Sep, 2006 07:05 am
I've just been watching Esther Kim play Mozart's Violin Concerto In G-major and I come back to this tripe.

She's fully formed. She's divine. She's not "in a way yes, but in a way no."

She's a different species to this lot on here alright.

This thread is about education not Creationism. rl is kicking own goals faster than the goalie can fish them out of the back of the net. It might not be so bad if rl and Wolf posted anything we haven't heard before more times than we can count.

They are not taking us into the future. They go back and back and back and they look at insides where intestines are and lungs and stuff we avoid mentioning because bloody frogs and rats and gnats have a full complement as well. It's kinky.

You're wrecking the thread. I'll start on biology if you want. The hearts on the Valentine cards don't have chambers.

Start a humans are just animals thread- we'll leave you alone so return the favour and you leave us alone. You're both boring.
0 Replies
 
rosborne979
 
  1  
Wed 6 Sep, 2006 07:35 am
real life wrote:
It also necessitates that non-birds produced birds and non-mammals produced mammals as their direct offspring, etc.


Not as direct offspring, not in a single generation. The theory of Evolution does not claim this or imply this.

If you've found this claim somewhere in a textbook, then please give us the source and we'll discuss it. Otherwise shake the cobwebs from your brain and realize that this is just something *you* think is implied by evolution, even though we have repeatedly explained to you why it is not.
0 Replies
 
spendius
 
  1  
Wed 6 Sep, 2006 08:01 am
It has nothing to do with this thread either.

You're all just trying to put a snowstorm around the concept of intelligent design because you can't understand it and are only happy regurgitating what you did in school or college and thus bringing science to a halt at the point you think you have a grasp on it and stuffing it into the kids in school.

Exploring the vistas of the further calling is not on your agendas just like it isn't on the agenda of Ayatollhas.
0 Replies
 
 

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