In the UK, things seem simiar to Germany - I have 25 days "annual leave". Any time not taken in the calendar year is lost, unless special explanations are given (e.g. I've had to cancel a vacation because of work).
Sick leave - no specific "days" allowed - doctor's note required to justify absence (where I work this kicks in after 3 days). Interestingly, though people often return to work while still technicaly "off sick", employers should not let them do so, as they will be uninsured, unless the doctor writes out another letter/form cancelling the sick leave.
Recent UK studies have shown that we Brits don't take as many days off as we used to, and less than other EU nations except Denmark.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4152417.stm
I think that 10 days vacation each year in the US is unacceptably low - I note that US colleagues are (IMHO) overworked and therefore are unable to concentrate on the "thinking" parts of their jobs as well as the "doing" parts. One very good reason why I'm happy to remain in Europe.
OK - off for the weekend, now.
Schoene Wochenende, wuensche ich euch!