@Buttermilk,
It sounds like you agree completely with me.
You don't find it grating that your employer might have a right to care about how you live in your personal life?
It's difficult to make blanket statements that actually apply like blankets.
I agree that under most circumstances it’s none of their business what and how much you drink, but it's not difficult to imagine when your consumption of a bottle of vodka a day becomes their business.
1) If your drinking affects your attendance, tardiness, or performance, the cause may not be relevant, but the results surely are. In such a case a lot of people would appreciate it if their employer asked them why their performance had suffered. I would argue that the employer has no obligation to determine the cause, but that to do so makes good business sense. Determining that an employee's performance problem is alcohol related, many companies offer specific programs that provide counseling and even rehab. Any employee is of course free to tell the company to mind its own business at which point it will do so, and will fire them for cause -- non-performance. Someone like engineer might consider this the employer acting morally, and I would agree for what is probably a different reason, but morality doesn't have to enter the picture. If you were a valuable employee before you took up drinking and can be one again after you receive help, the company benefits.
2) If your drinking harms the company's brand, mission statement, or business plan. Obviously if you are plowed when you take a customer to dinner, and you proceed to insult him or her, your drinking has intruded on your performance of your duties, but if your employer is an organization like MADD and your drinking leads to one or more DWIs, you will have created a potentially harmful situation for your employer. If you are a janitor or in the mail room, the only impact may be on your attendance (it's tough to perform well if you're in court or jail), but if you are in a senior position which deals with the public and large contributors, it's obviously a problem for MADD that you are guilty of the very activity the organization is trying to stop. If you think that DWIs in this case would not have a harmful impact on MADD, you are mistaken.
In the MADD example your DWIs might have no impact on the organization's donations or publicity, but I would argue that it still has a right to terminate you for moral reasons. After all, combating drunk driving is the mission of MADD and for its actions to be consistent with its mission statement, it can't have employees who consistently are found guilty of DWI. I suspect, without knowing, that MADD probably has an alcohol abuse program for employees, but it makes no business sense for them to either continue to pay for failed therapy or to pay you a salary while you spend months in rehab. When they hired you, they didn't assume responsibility for your life. It makes business sense to try and help you, and most people think of it as the "right thing to do" irrespective of business concerns, but if you won't or can't respond to the help and stop the DWIs they have no obligation to keep you on.
Of course this presumes that they advise you when they hire you that they won't tolerate DWI incidents regardless of whether or not it hurts your performance. I don't think they are required to do so, because a reasonable person should be able to come to the conclusion without being told, but if they have an HR department, I can practically guarantee that they advise all new employees of this policy, and that they have already had to terminate someone because of DWIs.
Similarly, irrespective of what any of us may feel on the topic, if a religion holds as one of its major tenets that homosexuality is a sin and it is part of their mission to eradicate it, it is not only logical it is moral (within the structure of their belief system) for them to refuse to hire homosexuals or to terminate employees if they learn of their homosexuality. I'm sure people who understand and appreciate the MADD example may still bristle at this contention, but that is only because in the MADD example they either agree with or accept MADD's "belief system" and mission as reasonable or, overall, beneficial to society, whereas in the religion example they do not. At this time in our history, enough people do not, so that statutes have been written to make it difficult or impossible for the religion in the example to act consistent with its moral framework. Obviously this is an ongoing conflict as respects religions vis a vis not only homosexuality, but birth control and abortion, and because of our constitution and history is significant enough that these conflicts find there was to our Supreme Court.
Quite a lot of people think it is an open and shut case and should not be subject to dispute because their moral framework is not aligned with the religions. They may, indeed, be on the "right" side of the issue, but fortunately, it is not easy for the majority in this country to impose its moral framework on everyone and particularly when it comes to religion. That people who do not agree with the religions moral framework, or even abhor it, have no use for religion to begin with should be irrelevant to the resolution of any dispute. Our constitution contains a specific clause protecting the freedom of religion in this country and we shouldn't scrap any portion of the constitution out of hand because a large number of people feel it is irrelevant. The erroneous assumption many people make in this regard, is that future scrappings of protected rights will likely be OK with them so the precedent is not dangerous. (Or they don't even think that far ahead). It shouldn't take too much thought to realize that this is a
slippery slope.
To some extent I've strayed from the topic at hand, but to return to it I will say that I agree that the NFL is different from other companies, but only by the degree of its concern for a public image. All companies, to one extent or the other, are concerned about their brand and how they are perceived by their stakeholders. The circumstances for a Rice like incident to occur in a tire factory are far less likely to arise, but they can and if they do, the tire factory has as much right to terminate the factory worker as the NFL has to terminate Rice.
To some degree, the majority of companies do view their employees as "expendable assets," and this is perfectly reasonable, unless you believe that once you are employed by a company that it has assumed responsibility for your life. If employees are not, to some extent, expendable, a business is in for a rocky ride. If it cannot terminate its employees when it feels the need to, it will not remain viable for long, but you seem to be painting a picture of companies treating their employees like cheap equipment, and while I'm sure there are companies where this is the case, I'm also sure that they are the exception, and not the rule.
This notion that corporations are soulless monsters that chew employees up and spit them out is hyperbolic. Granted there is no shortage of anecdotes of some employee getting the complete shaft from his or her employer, but often a full review of the facts reveals that it is not so one sided as it is made to seem, and/or that what is really involved is a clash of personal interests where some individual within the corporate structure is abusing his or her power.
And there are companies that will skimp on safety measures and thereby place their employees in increased risk, but this is rarely, if ever, due to the fact that a corporate board has affirmatively decided that the human lives of the employees are entirely unimportant and that if they all died tomorrow they could be replaced over-night.
In any case this country has an extensive set of regulations designed to protect the safety of workers which is a good thing and which I support (not-with-standing that some of these regulations are excessive and unnecessary). Even if all the companies in this country wanted to treat their employees like cheap equipment the government and the courts would not allow them, and the simple truth of the matter is that they don't. The people who own and run companies are not uniformly stupid. The majority of them appreciates the value of their employees to their business, and understands that without employees they have no product or profit.
The smart ones understand that it is good for their business to appreciate the value of their employees as human beings as well, if for no other reason than employees want them to, and happy people make good employees. It doesn't take a lot of research to find numerous companies (many among the Fortune 500) who spend a lot of time and money on making their good employees want to work for them.
There is always, though, going to be excessive expectations among employees who, despite some seemingly cynical attitudes to the contrary, want to feel that when they join a company they are becoming part of something larger than the employer-employee relationship. Often their expectations are reasonable, but unfulfilled, but just as often or more so their expectations are unreasonable.
Despite some of the points of view expressed in this thread the "issue/problem" of employers intruding upon the personal lives of employees is not massive. The Rice incident has created a platform for an interesting discussion, but it's hardly representative of the experience of the average worker.
Again, an employer's interest in an employee's personal life is directly proportional to the employee’s importance to the employer. Being important to your employer means better compensation, more authority, and a greater sense of accomplishment. These are all things a great deal of workers desire. Life is full of bargains and giving up some of your personal life to obtain greater rewards from you job is one that can present itself to you. No one is required to make the bargain, but it's entirely unreasonable to expect the rewards will come without some price.