@Setanta,
I have read a lot of history, but it is by putting history together with Anthropology that I have drawn most of my conclusions... You cannot understand the actions of people of Islam, for example without understanding the Bible, at least in part... The one helps to explain the other... Understanding law, history, and ancient drama, even fairy tales requires some understanding of each, and each sheds light on the subject of the other... If I had only read history I would know nothing of prehistory, but prehistorical and historical German and Indian nations shed a lot of light on the Greeks of an earlier age; and understanding the quasi institutions of earlier people helps one to understand later developments...
I am formally uneducated... I am not unintelligent or unread... I have read many books on many subjects and still have most of them because I doubt my memory... This much about my memory I can swear to...I can learn no fact in no subject without the ability to relate it to other subjects... Everything I know or think I know makes sense in the light of all the other knowledge I have found... If I learn a fact that I cannot piece together with all others, it remains a subject for thought and investigation until I can put it together...
If all I knew about was history, I would feel ignorant... Certainly, it does account for a hugh part of my library... I am reading at the moment six books about Iraq and Afghanistan just because it was an open hole in my knowledge... When it is done I may know more on the subject, but I will no more be able to say that the conclusion I have drawn are absolutely correct than those I have drawn about ancient people's based upon reading about other ancient people...
History is all fiction... Non fiction is only realistic fiction...So is Anthropology; but that does not mean it does not often hit very near the truth....One thing is obvious... People have not changed, and do not change according to what they know... There are many Caesars, Alexanders, and Napoleons in the world of business, and few in government...I read a book once comparing the business skills of a successful manager with those of Attila the Hun.... Perhaps the lesson is to share the credit and take the blame, but the skills of successful politicians seem geared to taking the credit and giving the blame... We are not governed by government, but by business...
There has got to be a lesson there; right??? No... The lesson one can take from history is not from the people... You can only take so much from bad examples seen at a distance... The real lesson of history is that people cannot change and do not change, and that when change is required they change their forms, their institutions, or they are destroyed by them... Some times, and usually, when forms change they evolve under the force of individual personalities, but such change is seldom desirable because people are usually self serving... When people begin to see themselves isolated from their communities they are prey or preditors in their own lands, and they soon go down the drain with their communities...
Nietzsche has written some about this period... Because people got so much of their identity from their communites they would never willingly exile themselves... That is why Socrates would not leave Athens... There he had rights and was somebody and he could not bear to be a nobody with no rights... We have lost track of that part of community where we recognize our community as our identiy, our character, and our moral soul... We do not surrender to our communities willingly its right over our very lives, but for primitives, their community was their alma mater, their soul mother, the life of their life...
Which one of us would be will to be cut up and burned while we watched it happen to show our people brave and honorable??? To judge by the individuals we value so highly, humanity has went to hell, and are in it, and we cannot escape it... And I know the way out... I inderstand what is going on and has been going on from the beginning...That is what I know...