@georgeob1,
georgeob1 wrote:Thomas didn't respond to my points about ther cultural differences between the USA and Germany (and most European nations) particularly with respect to immigration and a tradition of top down management of social and economic affairs in Europe. I still believe these factors bear significantly on the problem.
To be blunt, I didn't really see this as a point worth responding to. All I saw was a bundle of circular reasoning. "I don't like Obama's universal healthcare program". "Why?" "Because it's not going to work in America." "Why wouldn't it work in America when it does work everywhere else?" "Because people like myself don't like it." What's there to respond to? Sorry, but as best I can tell there's no "there" there.
Your assertion does not hold empirically, either. Just look at a place as exotic as, say, Canada. It's culturally similar to the United States, is as open to immigration as the United States, and is doing just fine with its Medicare-for-all system. The generalities you're offering sure sound impressive in the abstract. But somehow they never seem to survive confrontation with real-world countries running real-world universal healthcare systems.
georgeob1 wrote:I'm also still curious about how the system in Germany operates with respect to compelling everyone to buy some form of insurance. Presumably there is a default plan available to all at a subsidized price. but how does the compulsory aspect of it work? Is is enforced?
Yes. If you have a job, your employer automatically withholds your insurance premium from your salary and sends it to the health fund of your choosing. If you're self-employed, I don't know how enforcement works, but it is indeed enforced. If you're unemployed, your unemployment benefits cover your health insurance. As to the plan itself, there is a minimum amount of coverage mandated by the state departments of health. Health funds can cover more if they want, but in practice there are limits because there is also a maximum insurance premium. Because the premium is a fixed percentage of each individual's gross income, there is no need for government subsidies. It's the high-income policy holders subsidizing the low-income policy holders.
But your questions suggest to me that you greatly overestimate the need for coercion necessary to enforce universal coverage. The reality is that people stay in the German system mainly because it offers them a good cost-benefit ratio. Because coverage is mandatory, Germany doesn't have America's viscious cycle where the best risks opt out of the insurance pool, forcing insurers to raise rates, which in turn encourages the next best risks to opt out, and so forth
ad infinitum. Absent this viscious cycle, you end up with a system that works for (almost) everyone. The need for coercion, then, is minimal.