Kay Summersby
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Kay Summersby
1908 (1908) " 20 January 1975 (1975-01-21)
Place of birth County Cork, Ireland
Place of death Southampton, New York
Allegiance United Kingdom
United States
Service/branch Mechanised Transport Corps (UK)
Women's Army Corps (USA)
Years of service 1939"1947
Rank Captain
Battles/wars World War II
Awards Legion of Merit
Women's Army Corps Service Medal
European Campaign Medal
World War Two Victory Medal
Army of Occupation Medal
Kay Summersby (1908"20 January 1975[1]) was a member of the British Mechanised Transport Corps during World War II, who served as chauffeur to Supreme Commander Allied Expeditionary Force Dwight D. Eisenhower, later as his secretary and, it is alleged, his mistress.
Contents [hide]
1 Biography
2 Relationship with Eisenhower
3 References
4 Further reading
5 External links
[edit] Biography
Summersby was born Kathleen Helen McCarthy-Morrogh in County Cork, Ireland[2]. She described her father, a retired Lt. Colonel of the Royal Munster Fusiliers, as black Irish and her mother as English. As a young woman she moved to London where she worked as a film studio extra, dabbled in photography and eventually became a fashion model. She was married and divorced, retaining the name of her ex-husband[2].
When Britain entered the Second World War in 1939, Summersby joined the British Mechanised Transport Corps (MTC). She drove an ambulance throughout The Blitz in 1940 and 1941[2]. When the United States joined the Allies after the German declaration of war in December 1941, Summersby was one of many MTC drivers assigned as chauffeurs to high ranking American military officers. She was assigned to drive Major General Dwight Eisenhower when he arrived in London in May, 1942. Though there was a brief interruption of several weeks due to Eisenhower's short return to the U.S., Summersby drove Ike and later became his secretary until November, 1945. During this time Eisenhower rose in rank to a 5 star General of the Army and Commander of the European Theatre, and Kay, with his help, became a U.S. citizen and a commissioned officer in the U.S. Women's Army Corps (WACs), ultimately leaving the service as a captain in 1947. Captain Summersby's military awards included the Legion of Merit, Women's Army Corps Service Medal, European Campaign Medal, World War Two Victory Medal and the Army of Occupation Medal with "Germany" clasp.
Summersby married the Wall Street stockbroker Reginald H. Morgan in 1952[3]. She died at her home in Southampton, Long Island, of cancer, on 20 January 1975[4].
[edit] Relationship with Eisenhower
Summersby has maintained a marginal place in history due to her rumored romance with Eisenhower during the 1942-1945 period. Eisenhower Was My Boss, her 1948 memoir of the war years, made no mention of any such affair. However, her 1975 autobiography, Past Forgetting: My Love Affair with Dwight D. Eisenhower, was explicitly about the romance. This second book, written after Eisenhower had died in 1969, was presented as a sort of deathbed statement from Summersby to set the record straight. She stated in "Past Forgetting" that she did not mention anything about the affair in her original memoir due to her concern for Eisenhower's privacy.
The "autobiography" was ghostwritten by Barbara Wyden while Summersby was dying of cancer[5]. Those who dispute the claim of an affair maintain that the second book's description of the relationship (which by the book's account consisted, sexually, of two unsuccessful attempts to have intercourse) was simply made up, presumably by the ghostwriter.
It is true, however, that Summersby began the war as a British citizen and the equivalent of a private in the British forces and ended the war as a U.S. citizen and a Captain in the U.S. Army WACs, and that all of this came about through the direct efforts of General Eisenhower. Whatever the case, it is generally agreed that Kay and Ike were extremely close, were seen together in many press photographs during the war (as shown in the two books and other literature) and (as evidenced by letters between the two), Summersby was not well liked by Eisenhower's wife (who was alive when the second book was published). Summersby was married and divorced prior to meeting Ike and remarried Morgan some time after her discharge from the Army. There was an engagement to marry a U.S. Army officer that overlapped her initial period with Eisenhower; however, this was ended by the death of her fiance, (Major Richard "Dick" Arnold), during the North Africa campaign[6].
Former President Harry S. Truman reportedly told author Merle Miller that in 1945, Eisenhower asked permission from General George Marshall to divorce his wife to marry Summersby, but permission was refused. Truman also allegedly said he had the correspondence between Marshall and Eisenhower retrieved from the Army archives and destroyed[7]. But this aspect of the Summersby controversy has been widely disputed. Some historians say Truman misremembered, and emphasize that Eisenhower had asked permission to bring his wife to England. Others have speculated that Truman lied about Eisenhower because of animosity between the two men that intensified during the Eisenhower presidency (Truman stated that Eisenhower did not invite him back to the White House during his administration.).[citation needed]. Historian Robert Ferrell has alleged that Miller fabricated some of the quotes in his interviews with Truman, which were published after Truman's death, such that Miller is a source who should be viewed with great skepticism. In any case, Miller's book contains numerous inaccuracies that mar its credibility.
[edit] References
Notes
^ Find-a-grave (Which gives her year of birth as 1910)
^ a b c Wyden, Barbara, Papers, 1944-1945, Dwight D. Eisenhower Library, Abilene, Kansas
^ Announcement of marriage, Time, Monday, December 01, 1952
^ Announcement of death, Time, Monday, February 03, 1975
^ Lester, David & Irene David (1981). Ike & Mamie, The Story of the General and his Lady. Academic Press. ISBN 0-399-12644-9.
^ Korda, Michael (September 2007). Ike: An American Hero. harpercollins. p. 385. ISBN 978-0-06-075665-9.
^ Miller, Merle, Plain Speaking: An Oral Biography of Harry S. Truman (1974) Putnam Publishing Group. ISBN 0-399-11261-8.
Bibliography
Barbara Wyden Papers 1944-1945
[edit] Further reading
Ambrose, Stephen E., Eisenhower: Soldier, General of the Army, President-Elect 1890-1952 (1983).
Miller, Merle, Plain Speaking: An Oral Biography of Harry S. Truman (1974) Putnam Publishing Group. ISBN 0-399-11261-8. London: Gollancz Ltd. (1974) ISBN 0-575-01841-0 ;Reprint (2005) by Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers. ISBN 1-57912-437-2
David, Lester & Irene David, Ike & Mamie, The Story of the General and his Lady (1981) Academic Press. ISBN 0-399-12644-9
Morgan, Kay Summersby, Past Forgetting: My Love Affair with Dwight D. Eisenhower. New York: Simon & Schuster. 1976.
Summersby, Kay, Eisenhower Was My Boss (1948) New York: Prentice Hall; (1949) Dell mapback
Korda, Michael, "Ike, An American Hero" HarperCollins, 2007
Perry, Mark, Partners in Command, Penguin Press (2007) New York
http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,775637,00.html It's nice getting back Time, May 28, 1945 (Ike danced with Kay).
http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,780022,00.html Kay's War Time, September 27, 1948
http://www.archives.gov/press/press-releases/2002/nr02-09.html Summersby's wartime diaries
http://www.trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/trumanl.htm Oral History Interview with General Louis W. Truman, President's cousin, confirming the Truman Eisenhower letter about Summersby