wolf wrote: Convert oil dependent cars into hybrid and zero emission vehicles and global warming reduces with 40% and becomes less of a problem.
The warming of our houses -- the issues of electricity generation -- can be addressed from thereon.
A rather odd set of priorities. Exactly how would you "Convert oil dependent cars into hybrid and zero emission vehicles..." ? Hybrid, or compound engine vehicles are also oil dependent, and the required storage battery technology itself presents some environmental and safety problems.
Should the Federal government make it a crime for people to operate conventional internal combustion engined vehicles? What if other countries, such as China, India, Indonesia, Brazil, Mexico, and Russia won't go along? Such a transformation would bring about wrenching economic and life style changes. There seems little prospect that the American public could ever be persuaded to accept such restrictions on their personal freedom. How do you plan to do it?
Zero emission vehicles is a euphemism generally applied to electrical or fuel cell powered vehicles. Fuel cells operating on hydrogen operate at extremely high temperatures which present serious safety problems. They also require large quantities of platinum as a catalyst - a limitation that could restrict availability and raise costs dramatically. Finally they leave open the question of where we would get the hydrogen. Presumably we would burn more coal to produce the added electrical power needed to extract the hydrogen from water. The very large energy losses involved in the several conversion processes required would seriously dilute any emission gains that would result. Other fuel cell processes involving petroleum and methane have been designed, however they are at an earlier stage of development, require the same use of platinum as a catalyst, and involve the leakage associated with the ubiquitous distribution and storage of methane gas, which of course is a greenhouse gas about 25 times as effective as CO2 per unit of mass.
From an engineering perspective, you would have been much better off targeting first the large plants through which we produce our electrical power. The payoff for control measures on large point sources is much greater than what would result from an attempt to control the much greater number of vehicles moving about everywhere. If, for example, the United States were to raise its use of zero emission nuclear power plants to the level of (say) France, we could in that step alone meet our Kyoto goals. Would you be in favor of that?