EARTH+MOON+SUN-What are there Rotational+Orbital Velocities?

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What is the:

1. Rotational Velocity of the Sun?
2. Rotational Velocity of the Moon?
3. Rotational Velocity of the Earth?

4. Orbital Velocity of the Sun?
5. Orbital Velocity of the Moon?
6. Orbital Velocity of the Earth?

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7. How are they calculated?
8. Is there an agreed international set of values for questions 1-6?

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9. Do you have any other interesting facts to do with their trajectories etc?

Regards, Bib.

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3- 1666.66 km per hour
I must check the others.

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Here's a theoritical answer to your question. http://www.osti.gov/energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=5671269

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On shaker effects. http://heeke.com/franz/Publication.html

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I'll check back later....

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Tentative values:

1. 6748.60 km/h, (about 27 days for a rotation)
(The calculated value is mine)

http://science.nasa.gov/ssl/pad/solar/sunturn.htm

2. 15.40 km/h, (29.5306 days for a rotation)

3. 1674.444 km/h, (23.56 hours as a sidereal day)

4. Exact values cannot be found easily, but I once calculated a value for an orbital velocity of the Sun around the (Solar system) barycenter. I remember it was almost in an order of the speed of motorcycles, but excact value is not at hand now,

5. 1.023 km/s, (note "per second")
(not my calculation)

http://www.indwes.edu/Faculty/bcupp/solarsys/Moon.htm

6. 28.13 km/s, ("per second")

http://www.avalon.net/~bstuder/earth_lab.html

7. and some of the methods are in the links above, others in this reply were simply calculated through the plain formula [rotation period / circumference],

8. CODATA seems to be recommended for physical datas.

9 ..

By the way, Bib, recently I have installed, on my Mac, some modues found in the linked pages:

http://www.accordancebible.com/

Very instructive modules.

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The suns rotational velocity can also be measured by comparing the doppler shift in light coming from either "edge".

Comes out at around 8000km/h at the equator.

Numbers 4,5 & 6 are all meaningless unless you have a point of reference.

The answer to 7 would be....well....using maths. :wink:

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Re: EARTH+MOON+SUN-What are there Rotational+Orbital Velocit

Bibliophile the BibleGuru wrote:

What is the:

1. Rotational Velocity of the Sun?
2. Rotational Velocity of the Moon?
3. Rotational Velocity of the Earth?

4. Orbital Velocity of the Sun?
5. Orbital Velocity of the Moon?
6. Orbital Velocity of the Earth?

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

7. How are they calculated?
8. Is there an agreed international set of values for questions 1-6?

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

9. Do you have any other interesting facts to do with their trajectories etc?

Regards, Bib.

Hi Bib,

Satt's information is usually accurate. He's a lot better at math than I am.

Why do you need this stuff?

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Re: EARTH+MOON+SUN-What are there Rotational+Orbital Velocit

Bibliophile the BibleGuru wrote:

What is the:
all these depend on the frame of reference, and choices
1. Rotational Velocity of the Sun? at what distance out from its centre? (it is mostly gaseous.)
2. Rotational Velocity of the Moon? since the same face always faces the earth, it revolves once each orbit, and it has no atmosphere - simple calculation
3. Rotational Velocity of the Earth? about 580mi/sec. based on a diameter of 4000mi.; faster at Everest, slower at the bottom of the ocean.

4. Orbital Velocity of the Sun?around the centre of the Milky Way Galaxie? big numbers!
5. Orbital Velocity of the Moon? around the Earth, or the Sun?
6. Orbital Velocity of the Earth?at what point in our orbit? It changes as we depart from and aproach the Sun

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

7. How are they calculated?simple math, unless you want accurate numbers; then it is very complicated - involving computer modeling
8. Is there an agreed international set of values for questions 1-6?of course; don't we agree on just about everything?:wink:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

9. Do you have any other interesting facts to do with their trajectories etc?
only that as far as astronomy is concerned these are more or less 'faites accomplie'; the closer you get the more is known.
Regards, Bib.

an excellent exercise in relativity.

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Satt: thanks for your post - it's very useful.

I noticed you said that your values were "tentative" - is this due to lack of research time or is there some dispute within the "Astro-" community?

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Satt: thanks for the accordance link - I'll look into it a bit more - I'm not familiar with it.

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Bibliophile the BibleGuru wrote:

I noticed you said that your values were "tentative" - is this due to lack of research time or is there some dispute within the "Astro-" community?

I am currently away from home, and have no material for calculation in the form of book to look at. I am sorry about that. Sad

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Bibliophile the BibleGuru wrote:

Satt: thanks for the accordance link - I'll look into it a bit more - I'm not familiar with it.

It may probaly be a body of softwares solely for Mac OS's. It is incredible that it has been designed only for minor users.
(However it can be said that it runs great on Mac OS X; speedy and no hint of erros.)

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Re: EARTH+MOON+SUN-What are there Rotational+Orbital Velocit

rosborne979 wrote:

Hi Bib,

Satt's information is usually accurate. He's a lot better at math than I am.

Why do you need this stuff?

I want to open up a discussion into the importance of the POSITION and RELATIVE VELOCITIES of each heavenly body. I have a few thoughts on this, and I need some SCIENTIFIC facts on the matter first.

I appreciate all the input I can get on this...preferably from a factual baseline as opposed to a metaphysical one.

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Adrian wrote:

The suns rotational velocity can also be measured by comparing the doppler shift in light coming from either "edge".

Comes out at around 8000km/h at the equator.

Numbers 4,5 & 6 are all meaningless unless you have a point of reference.

The answer to 7 would be....well....using maths. :wink:

Adrian: can you expand a bit for me on the "doppler shift" approach - I need some more enlightenment, thanks.

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Re: EARTH+MOON+SUN-What are there Rotational+Orbital Velocit

BoGoWo wrote:

Bibliophile the BibleGuru wrote:
What is the:
all these depend on the frame of reference, and choices
1. Rotational Velocity of the Sun? at what distance out from its centre? (it is mostly gaseous.)
2. Rotational Velocity of the Moon? since the same face always faces the earth, it revolves once each orbit, and it has no atmosphere - simple calculation
3. Rotational Velocity of the Earth? about 580mi/sec. based on a diameter of 4000mi.; faster at Everest, slower at the bottom of the ocean.

4. Orbital Velocity of the Sun?around the centre of the Milky Way Galaxie? big numbers!
5. Orbital Velocity of the Moon? around the Earth, or the Sun?
6. Orbital Velocity of the Earth?at what point in our orbit? It changes as we depart from and aproach the Sun

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

7. How are they calculated?simple math, unless you want accurate numbers; then it is very complicated - involving computer modeling
8. Is there an agreed international set of values for questions 1-6?of course; don't we agree on just about everything?:wink:

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

9. Do you have any other interesting facts to do with their trajectories etc?
only that as far as astronomy is concerned these are more or less 'faites accomplie'; the closer you get the more is known.
Regards, Bib.

an excellent exercise in relativity.

BoGOWo: I appreciate all of your clarification notation, and I think it's fair to say that the reference point that I'm looking for is with respect to each bodies' nearest gravitational attractor i.e. Moon to Earth, Earth to Sun, Sun to it's immediate Galaxy (or as observed from Earth).

Also, with respect to mean diameters of each body, I'm referring to their outer physical limit, i.e. Surface of the Moon, Earth's Sea Level, Corona of the Sun, as reasonable approximations.

Any input you can give would be appreciated, thanks.

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I don't have numbers here, and it seems others are providing those already. I can answer this question though.

Bibliophile the BibleGuru wrote:

Adrian wrote:
The suns rotational velocity can also be measured by comparing the doppler shift in light coming from either "edge".

Comes out at around 8000km/h at the equator.

Numbers 4,5 & 6 are all meaningless unless you have a point of reference.

The answer to 7 would be....well....using maths. :wink:

Adrian: can you expand a bit for me on the "doppler shift" approach - I need some more enlightenment, thanks.

Certain frequencies of light (relative to their origin) can easily be identified because ofthe way they interact with certain atoms. They show up as dark stripes in the light spectrum. If the object from which the light is coming is moving towards you, the frequency is higher as observed by you, and this shift can be measured. The velocity of the object relative to you can then be calculated.

This dopplershift is the same effect which makes the sound of cars moving towards high pitced, and the sound of cars moving away low pitced.

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Bib-

Einherjar pretty much expains it above but to clarify.

We know which direction the Sun spins by observing sunspots. Light coming from the edge that is moving away from us is redshifted, light from the edge coming towards us is blueshifted. You take a sample from each edge, measure the shifts with a spectrometer and compare to a known sample (like a lamp or something.) From that you can calculate how fast the rotation is at those two points.

It's better than the sunspot method because there are less assumptions built into the calculation and you can work out the relative velocity between any two points on the surface.

Still the ultimate problem is, as BoGoWo mentioned, the fact that the Sun is not a "solid" ball like the Moon, so measurements will vary. The velocity I've quoted is based on measurements on the "surface" of the equator.

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Ein: thanks for your explanation - it makes sense.

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Adrian: thanks for your input.

I did read somewhere recently (my library is enormous and my age is affecting my memory) that our Sun has three different rotations!

Imagine the sun being divided into three sections, where the middle section rotates in the opposite direction of the other two sections that neighbour it. The result is like the winding up of a clockwork toy, which might explain why the sunspots are formed - something to do with torsional magnetic energy.

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EARTH+MOON+SUN-What are there Rotational+Orbital Velocities?

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