Today games, Colombia-Bolivia and Peru-Venezuela are being held in Lima.
Peru is a very centralized nation. Lima is powerful, the provinces are weak. And this has been a source of political conflict.
In Lima you can visit Museo del Oro, the Museum of Gold, where many of the Inca treasures ripped by the conquistadores are shown.
The first black Catholic Saint of the Americas is Peruvian. San Martin de Porres:
Peru's centralism is intertwined with racial elements. 12% of Peruvians are white, 32% indigenous (mostly Quéchua and Aymara), 9% black and 47% are cholos or mestizos (mixed).
Most whites inhabit the coast, while most indigenous people inhabit the Andean sierra and the high plains. And the coast has been always favored in many senses.
Until the 80s, people were classified by race, like in the US, a very strange thing in Latin America.
Since de facto discrimination is common, race was used as an effective idelogical weapon by the terrorists of Sendero Luminoso (Shining Path) in the 80s.
Race was also important in elections. One of the reasons Alberto Fujimori, a son of Japanese emigrants, was elected in 1990 and 1995, is that he is not white. He was called "el Chinito" (the little Chinaman), and somehow stood as 'neutral' in the racial feud.
Peru's President Alejandro Toledo, is the son of a zambo cholo (mixture of black, indian and white) bricklayer and a mestiza maid. He was born in the Andean regions and lived in extreme poverty... but won a scholarship given by the US Peace Corps, and was educated in San Francisco and Harvard. He is married to a Belgian anthropologist.
This is a picture of young Toledo, during his hippie days.