@prothero,
All talk of the divine is of course speculation and perhaps not even rational speculation. Non the less concepts concerning the nature of the divine and divine action in the world seem to qualify under the topic of philosophy of religion.
Most religion is man musing about the gods. For me god does not reveal himself through prophets or angels but through nature and the world. The universe is god's creation. Sacred scripture is mans creation. Man is part of creation not the purpose of creation.
Now there is a very real sense in which the speculations of man about god will always be inadequate. If there is a god, god must be transcendent beyond the ability of human thought, language and conceptions to adequately convey. God will always be seen "through a glass darkly". One could take the path of the via negativa (neti, neti not this, not that) but that is not the western way.
There are many paths to the divine. Which path one follows is dependent upon ones innate temperament and inclination. For me the divine is expressed in nature and in art. I sense the divine on the side of a mountain, diving in the deep blue of the ocean, listening to music, gazing at art and also in the great cathedrals dedicated to the glory of god through the inspiration of man. We are surrounded by the divine, immersed in the divine, nearer than our breath.
I am a panentheist (all in god). My theology is one of almost complete immanence so the divine is present throughout the world. Just one theological step removed from pantheism (god equals nature). For a panetheist god is present throughout the world but also has transcendent properties such as will, reason and values.
For me the divine dwells within the world and acts through nature and natural law. I am not a supernatural theist. When you look at the world you are looking at the divine. When you experience the world you are experiencing the divine.
The relationship between god and the world would be analogous or similar to the relationship between your mind and your body. The divine would be the seat of the unified experience of the world who takes in all the suffering, all the joy of all the creatures.
I believe the divine is a rational agent accounting for the order and the logical intelligibility of the world and the ability to express natural law in mathematical form.
I believe the divine strives for higher levels of order complexity, life, mind, and experience accounting for the self organizing properties of nature and the endless creativity and novelty of the world.
When I look at the world, I do not see a universe primarily of matter inert and insensate. Instead I see a universe alive and enchanted, striving against the forces of chaos toward creativity, novelty and experience. Because I am a panpsychist for me the world is full of experiencing entities, societies and organisms. Because I have a process view the ultimate reality is one of becoming, change and flux not of machine like mechanistic determinism.
Reality is monistic (process (events) but dipolar in presentation (mental and material). God is likewise dipolar (the realm of possibility (gods primordial nature) and the realm of actuality (gods consequent nature). God is the chief example of the metaphysical principle of becoming not its chief exception.
The "divine dwells within" within your mind, within the world. The divine patiently, persistently, lovingly and persuasively urges the world forward in a never ending process of creative advance. The divine is not a tyrant, the divine is not a judge, the divine dwells upon the tender elements of the world.