@edgarblythe,
edgarblythe wrote:
When climate change wipes out great swaths of farmland and farmed animals, you may change your mind about population limitations. I'm not suggesting killing anybody, but limiting our population growth is bound to be a thing in the near future.
It's already in decline.
Up until the beginning of the industrial revolution, global population grew very slowly. After about 1800 the growth rate accelerated to a peak of 2.1% annually in 1968; but since then, due to the world-wide collapse of the total fertility rate, it has declined to 1.1% today (2020).[2] "World Population Prospects 2019, Population Data, File: Population Growth Rate, Estimates tab". United Nations Population Division.
In order to maintain its population, a country requires a minimum fertility rate of 2.1 children per woman (the number is slightly greater than 2 because not all children live to adulthood). However, almost all societies experience a drastic drop in fertility to well below 2 as they grow more wealthy (see income and fertility). The tendency of women in wealthier countries to have fewer children is attributed to a variety of reasons, such as lower infant mortality and a reduced need for children as a source of family labor or retirement welfare, both of which reduce the incentive to have many children. Better access to education for young women, which broadens their job prospects, is also often cited.[3] Long-term projections predict that the growth rate of the human population of this planet will continue to decline, and that by the end of the 21st Century, will reach zero.[2] Examples of this emerging trend are Japan, whose population is currently (2015–2020) declining at the rate of 0.2% per year,[2] and China, whose population could start declining in 2027 or sooner.[4] By 2050, Europe's population is projected to be declining at the rate of 0.3% per year.[2]
[3] "Thanks to education, global fertility could fall faster than expected". The Economist. 2019-02-02. ISSN 0013-0613. Retrieved 2021-04-30.
[4] Myers, Steven Lee; Wu, Jin; Fu, Claire (January 17, 2020). "China's Looming Crisis: A Shrinking Population". New York Times.