@dlowan,
Reminds me of my stay at the Y in NYC.. except that was a blasting noise.
I'm no electrician, so this is just a kind of chatter - but our smoke alarms back in Venice, CA were hardwired and our ceilings were high. They used to go off once in a while at two in the morning full blast. Aside from the panic on waking up, we had to struggle to reach them to shut them off.
My bro in law did teach me that you could shut off a shrieker, given you knew the cause like a burning pan of food, by waving a broom under it.
Anyway, our electrician explained that our alarm stuff had happened from spiders.. do I believe him, I don't know. But they weren't little beep beep episodes.