I'm a basic backyard mechanic so someone who has more expertise than I can validate or invalidate this info...but this is what I would advise:
Go to a foreign recycled (junk yard) parts shop and ask there about what parts are needed. You could even ask at a VW parts shop at a VW dealer. they could advise you about name of the parts. A junk yard may have what you are looking for.
I can't comment much on the window, other than to say, the glass could have have slipped off the runners. There is probably a big gear that elevates from the window cranking action...look to see if you can find where the crank transfers motion to the window regulator.
Regarding the sliding side-door part..not sure..but the sliding-door guide needs regular maintenance by lubing. It's probably worn out. Again, I'd ask VW parts for the name of this part and either call around or comb the foreign junkyards for it.
My first thought is that I would bring the car to a good INDEPENDENT (NON-VW) repair shop as I think a real mechanic would fix that window elevation issue in a heartbeat.. and this repair might be less than an hour's labor (around $80/hr). VW service as a rule tends to be expensive and frankly overcharge through the nose.
The charging issue possibly MIGHT either be:
1. New battery needed (how old is the battery that won't charge?)
2. the voltage regulator (could be separate component from alternator)
3. loose or worn alternator belt
WARNING:
DO NOT OVERTIGHTEN THIS BELT. IF YOU OVERTIGHTEN (NO PLAY IN BELT), YOU COULD RUN INTO THE POSSIBILITY OF CAUSING THE WATER PUMP TO FAIL AND PUT AT RISK A BLOWN ENGINE.
However, you need to know that many current-day alternators have Voltage reg. built in (not sure of Vanagon's alternator), so if the alternator/regulator is a newly replaced one, then I'm sort of a loss. You'll need a real mechanic there...possibly the place that fixed it that last time. Alternators and altern./regulators CAN go bad in a year, but that's not often likely to be the case w/o a cause (such as an electrical surge killing the bridge).
OK it's a water-cooled engine, then there's a chance your alternator belt could be slipping or glazed (causing it to slip...and not charge). Check to see if the belt has about 1/2 to 3/4 inch of deflection when you push on it in the middle of the belt's length. Check to see if the belt has shiny and/or cracked surface. if it does, replace the belt and tighten it properly as per the previous info. After a week or so of driving, retighten as it will loosen a tad. My guess is that if you had Alternator replaced a year ago, then the belt might just need re-tightening. A good mechanic would have replaced the alternator belt when they replaced the alternator. Do you ever hear a belt squeal when you accelerate or when things are quiet enough??
More Vanagon info:
I just did a search for repair/VW Vangon blogs:
It's considered one of the best-handling vans in existence". They seem to have a cult-like-following, even though they nickle-and-dime ($500) you to death.
"most complaints of wallowing or insecurity on turns are due to improper tires. There are very few tires suitable for this vehicle -- with its standard 14" wheels it requires a tire with Reinforced rating (the specified pressure for rear tires is 48 psi) and a high load rating. Shifting to 15-inch wheels widens the selection considerably, but not many wheels are suitable."
"They do indeed need lots of expensive repairs. The cooling and exhaust systems are complex and difficult. They are prone to seam rust. The engines need rebuilding sooner than you would expect in a modern vehicle, there's a rubber gasket between the head (s) and the cylinder water jacket (s) that is designed to fail, transmissions sometimes fail early (the automatic appears to be more reliable than the manual) ..."
Check the info there about vanagon fuel leaks...exhaust leaks...shifting problems
Here's the link:
http://www.carsurvey.org/viewcomments_review_28187.html
To order VW Vanagon parts online:
http://www.autohausaz.com/volkswagen-auto-parts/index.html
If it turns out that you NEED a 1984 VW Vanagon voltage regulator, here's a link to order online ($27):
http://www.autohausaz.com/search/product.aspx?sid=khl12155jkyx5255yq0gpazi&makeid=800026@VW&modelid=1286401@VANAGON%20&year=1984&cid=18@Electrical%20%26%20Vacuum&gid=4884@Voltage%20Regulator
Some mechanics say...they have: "constant ignition/distributor problems"
I'm looking further...