120 and 220 rollfilm, (same width as 120, but the 220 film has no paper backing, so the film length is twice as long on the same size spool) is readilly available, from several manufacturors, in color negative and transparency, Black&White, and many special-use formulations. Commonly referred to as 2ΒΌ (American) or 6cm (European) size, it is very widely used in professional/serious amature film photography, in professional studio work, much moreso than 35mm. Other rollfilm sizes, such as 620, 828, 616, 127, 116 and a buncha others are long since history, but for a fee current filmstock can be had in obsolete sizes, or the enterprising photographer can size and "roll his own"; there's damned near a whole subculture revolving around that - almost the photographic equivalent of muzzle-loading
I dunno what brand/family of 35mm camera you use, rog, but Nikon, Canon, Pentax, and Leica for sure, and I think also Minolta, Olympus, Contax, Alpa, and Besseler all made, or had available via 3rd-Party vendors, an accessory which provided for a camera's meter and/or motor-other function batteries to be kept close to the photog's body for warmth, with a thin cable going to a modified battery compartment cover which attached in normal fashion to the camera body. Similar rigs were available for many pro-level electronic flash units. I dunno where you'd start looking for something like that today, but with just a little ingenuity and tinkering know-how, you should be able to whip up something that'd work just fine. I haven't done it myself, but I've seen just that sorta rig for a digital camera; a suitably-configured battery pack (in this case, 4 AAs) worn next to the body is connected to the camera's AC adapter power connector via a thin cable. One minor drawback; the camera thinks its on AC power, so its "On" all the time its "plugged in" ... just keep that in mind and remember to "unplug" the camera if its not gonna be used for a while, or rig a simple switch.
One other note - for "Arctic Service", film cameras, just like weapons, usually got a special ultra-thorough cleaning followed by lubrication with a dry, ultra-fine graphite compound.