1
   

WHAT HAS HAPPENED TO EDUCATION Since 1895 ?

 
 
Reply Sat 2 Dec, 2006 01:13 am
It seems to me
that high school n college students
r now a lot less aware, and less well informed
than my fellow students were,
in the earlier part of the 20th Century.

U c how Jay Leno demonstrates youthful ignorance
of elementary concepts on his show; ( admittedly, it cud be faked ).

OK: needle me some more
about fonetic spelling.
I need that.






Anyway, the following is the final exam for the 8th grade
in Salina, Kansas, in 1895

( sadly, it is not cast in fonetic spelling,
nor do thay test pistol marksmanship )
Sharpen your pencils.
Good luck, everyone :

Grammar ( Time: one hour )

1. Give nine rules for the use of capital letters.
2. Name the parts of speech and define those that have no modifications.
3. Define verse, stanza and paragraph.
4. What are the principal parts of a verb ? Give principal parts of "lie," "play," and "run."
5. Define case; illustrate each case.
6. What is punctuation ? Give rules for principal marks of punctuation.
7 - 10. Write a composition of about 150 words and show therein
that you understand the practical use of the rules of grammar.


Arithmetic ( Time: 1.25 hours )

1. Name and define the Fundamental Rules of Arithmetic.
2. A wagon box is 2 feet deep, 10 feet long, and 3 feet wide.
How many bushels will it hold ?
3. If a load of wheat weighs 3942 lbs.,
what is it worth at 50 cents/bushel, deducting 1050 lbs. for tare ?
4. District No. 33 has a valuation of $35,000.
What is the necessary levy to carry on a school seven months
at $50 per month, and have $104 for incidentals ?
5. Find the cost of 6720 lbs. of coal at $6.00 per ton.
6. Find the interest for $512.60 for eight months and eighteen days at 7 percent.
7. What is the cost of 40 boards 12 inches wide and 16 feet long at $20 per metre ?
8. Find bank discount on $300 for 90 days (no grace) at 10 percent.
9. What is the cost of a square farm at $15 per acre the distance of which is 640 rods ?
10. Write a bank check, a promisory note and a receipt.

U.S. History (Time: 45 minutes)
1. Give the epochs into which U.S. History is divided.
2. Give an account of the discovery of America by Columbus.
3. Relate the causes and results of the Revolutionary War.
4. Show the territorial growth of the United States.
5. Tell what you can of the history of Kansas.
6. Describe three of the most prominent battles of the Rebellion.
7. Who were the following Morse, Whitney, Fulton, Bell, Lincoln, Penn and Howe ?
8. Name events connected with the following dates: 1607, 1620, 1800, 1849, 1865 ?


Orthography (Time: one hour )
1. Alphabet, phonetic, orthography, etymology, syllabication ?
2. What are the elementary sounds ? How classified ?
3. What are the following, and give examples of each:
Trigraph, subvocals, diphthong, cognate letters, linguals ?
4. Give four substitutes for caret 'u.'
5. Give two rules for spelling words with final 'e.'
Name two execeptions under each rule.
6. Give two uses of silent letters in spelling. Illustrate each.
7. Define the following prefixes and use in connection with a word:
bi, dis, mis, pre, semi, post, non, inter, mono, sup.
8. Mark diacritically and divide into syllables the following,
and name the sign that indicates the sound:
card, bail, mercy, sir, odd, cell, rise, blood, fare, last.
9. Use the following correctly in sentences:
cite, site, sight, fane, fain, feign, vane, vain, vein, raze, raise, rays.
10. Write 10 words frequently mispronounced and indicate pronunciation
by use of diacritical marks and by syllabication.

Geography (Time: one hour)
1. What is climate? Upon what does climate depend?
2. How do you account for the extremes of climate in Kansas?
3. Of what use are rivers? Of what use is the ocean?
4. Describe the mountains of North America?
5. Name and describe the following:
Monrovia, Odessa, Denver, Manitoba, Hecla, Yukon, St. Helena,
Juan Fernandez, Aspinwall and Orinoco.
6. Name and locate the principal trade centers of the U.S.
7. Name all of the republics of Europe and give the capital of each.
8. Why is the Atlantic Coast colder than the Pacific in the same latitude?
9. Describe the process by which the water of the ocean returns to the sources of rivers.
10. Describe the movements of the Earth. Give the inclination of the Earth.
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Miller
 
  1  
Reply Sat 2 Dec, 2006 11:37 am
What is the final exam in Kansas in 2006?
0 Replies
 
Dartagnan
 
  1  
Reply Sat 2 Dec, 2006 12:08 pm
If rote memorization is the goal of education, then a test like that is a good measure.
0 Replies
 
NickFun
 
  1  
Reply Sat 2 Dec, 2006 12:25 pm
The problem is, kids aren't carrying guns to school. They are afraid of bullies. Children learn better in a safe environment. I suggest a gun be issued to every child starting in 3rd grade.
0 Replies
 
Setanta
 
  1  
Reply Sat 2 Dec, 2006 12:44 pm
Re: WHAT HAS HAPPENED TO EDUCATION Since 1895 ?
OmSigDAVID wrote:
It seems to me
that high school n college students
r now a lot less aware, and less well informed
than my fellow students were,
in the earlier part of the 20th Century.

U c how Jay Leno demonstrates youthful ignorance
of elementary concepts on his show; ( admittedly, it cud be faked ).

OK: needle me some more
about fonetic spelling.
I need that.


Yes, you do need that. You claim that your "phonetic spelling" is more efficient, but you are consistently inconsistent in the application of that principle. If efficiency is your guiding principle, why did you write "school," rather than "skool," or "skewl?"

Apart from that, your vaunted "fonetic" spelling can easily lead to confusion or the failure of comprehension. You write "cud" rather than "could." But cud and could are not pronounced the same (except, herhaps by an ignoramus who doesn't know his or her native language well enough to pronounce it correctly); additionally, what happens when you want to discuss ruminants, who chew the cud? You use "r" for "are," but it could as easily be misunderstood for "our." Even if it weren't, who is to establish the conventions which make "r" the replacement for "are," rather than "our?" Who is to decide that "n" becomes the replacement for "and," rather than the replacement for "an?" Who determines that one uses "c" to replace see, rather than to replace "sea?"

Your "fonetic" spelling is a scam, and a pathetic scam at that. Quite apart from being disingenuously applied, and inefficient because of obscured meanings, it abandons all the elegance of expression and pronunciation which has made English the greatest language in the history of the planet.

What a loser proposition.
0 Replies
 
Dartagnan
 
  1  
Reply Sat 2 Dec, 2006 12:53 pm
Not to menton the intellectual gall of an advocate for traditional education expressing himself in pidgin English...
0 Replies
 
OmSigDAVID
 
  1  
Reply Sat 2 Dec, 2006 06:37 pm
Dartagnan wrote:
Quote:
Not to menton the intellectual gall

Yeah; I had that b4 I adopted
fonetic spelling, to the extent that I have.


Quote:

of an advocate for traditional education
expressing himself in pidgin English...

I can be eclectic.

U shud not be so closed minded
u ol stick-in-the-mud conservative !


Despite his vituperative acrimony,
Setanta raises some good points,
which I will address after I return from dinner.

I 'm in the mood for spare ribs.
David
0 Replies
 
Setanta
 
  1  
Reply Sat 2 Dec, 2006 06:41 pm
You are peddling horseshit now, David.

The definition of vituperative, according to the American Heritage Dictionary, is:

Using, containing, or marked by harshly abusive censure.

I certainly censured your claims about phonetic spelling, and you might be pleased to whine, and complain that i was harsh. But i did not abuse you. For as much as you may not like being told that you are wrong, it does not constitute abuse. Nothing in what i wrote constituted a personal criticism.

Apparently, you use language no better than you write it.
0 Replies
 
OmSigDAVID
 
  1  
Reply Sat 2 Dec, 2006 06:56 pm
NickFun wrote:
Quote:
The problem is, kids aren't carrying guns to school.

Yeah; I 've noticed that too.

However, I DID see,
on Peter Jennings World News Tonight
duing the 1980s or 1990s
an elementary school in the Northwestern US
( maybe around Washington or Idaho )
that the students were required to carry
shoulder weapons to school,
in that handguns were not sufficiently powerful
to defend themselves from predatory fauna.

Thay did not find it to be a big deal.





Quote:

They are afraid of bullies.

Thay wud not be,
if thay had sufficient defenses.




Quote:

Children learn better in a safe environment.
I suggest a gun be issued to every child starting in 3rd grade.

That 's when I got my first gun
( well, actually, it was in the summer b4 school started ).

However, everyone shud pay for his own gun.
Then u CHOOSE what u want.
I won my first one, a 2" .38 revolver, in a poker game.


Thay shud check all of the students at the door
on the way in to make sure that everyone is
sufficiently well armed,
as thay used to do in Churches, during Colonial America.
( Virginia Colony 1631 )
David
0 Replies
 
Mame
 
  1  
Reply Sat 2 Dec, 2006 07:09 pm
Re: WHAT HAS HAPPENED TO EDUCATION Since 1895 ?
Sorry, OMsigDavid, but you have been debunked:

http://www.snopes.com/language/document/1895exam.htm
0 Replies
 
OmSigDAVID
 
  1  
Reply Sat 2 Dec, 2006 10:43 pm
Re: WHAT HAS HAPPENED TO EDUCATION Since 1895 ?
Mame wrote:
Sorry, OMsigDavid, but you have been debunked:

http://www.snopes.com/language/document/1895exam.htm

Thank u, Mame.
I believe that your contribution
is interesting and helpful,
but it is an EXAGERATION
to say that I have been " debunked ".

When I read your above conclusory
analysis, I feared that I 'd been duped
into offering a hoax,
whereas, in fact, u have offered some
commentary on it, not refuted it.

I thought that the most damning
part of your purported debunking
was the alleged letter concerning
another test, whose results were poor
from graduates of circa 1870.

Sadly, the fact remains
( perhaps u will dispute this ?? )
that some college students of recent decades
cannot find America on a blank map of the world,
and think that the Civil War occurred in the 1960s.
My memory of the earlier part
of the 20th Century is that my fellow students
were all aware of these basic facts.


Thanks anyway.
David
0 Replies
 
OmSigDAVID
 
  1  
Reply Sat 2 Dec, 2006 10:44 pm
Miller wrote:
What is the final exam in Kansas in 2006?

Will u check that n get back to us ?
0 Replies
 
OmSigDAVID
 
  1  
Reply Sat 2 Dec, 2006 11:05 pm
Dartagnan wrote:
Quote:
If rote memorization is the goal of education,

That 's quite a large part of it,
yes. I 'd imagine
that if one did not commit to memory
the fact that we have 3 main departments of government,
and at least READ, the Constitution,
he 'd have trouble in making politcal choices
approaching Election Day.




Quote:

then a test like that is a good measure.

It seems like a good start, anyway.


Will u begift us
with YOUR vu of " the goal of education " ?
David
0 Replies
 
OmSigDAVID
 
  1  
Reply Sun 3 Dec, 2006 12:16 am
Re: WHAT HAS HAPPENED TO EDUCATION Since 1895 ?
Setanta wrote:
OmSigDAVID wrote:
It seems to me
that high school n college students
r now a lot less aware, and less well informed
than my fellow students were,
in the earlier part of the 20th Century.

U c how Jay Leno demonstrates youthful ignorance
of elementary concepts on his show; ( admittedly, it cud be faked ).

OK: needle me some more
about fonetic spelling.
I need that.


Quote:
Yes, you do need that.
You claim that your "phonetic spelling" is more efficient,

Yes.
It seems obvious to me.
I can concieve of no good reason
to end the word tho with " ugh "
nor can I think of any reason
to jab Ls into wud, cud, nor shud.
Ill considered tradition is not a reason.
That 's like sentencing a child
to carry 10 pounds of useless wate around
with him all of his life, because its an old family tradition.





Quote:

but you are consistently inconsistent in the application of that principle.
If efficiency is your guiding principle, why did you write "school," rather than "skool," or "skewl?"

I did that because I don 't want to drive everybody nuts
more than I already have.
I am not 100% insensitive
to the complaints I 've gotten about it; ( maybe 86% ).

I feel a need to keep it somewhere within reason.
To parafrase Jack Nicholson: U cudn 't HANDLE the truth.



Quote:

Apart from that, your vaunted "fonetic" spelling can easily lead to confusion
or the failure of comprehension. You write "cud" rather than "could."
But cud and could are not pronounced the same
(except, herhaps by an ignoramus who doesn't know his or her native
language well enough to pronounce it correctly);

I was born in NY, and except for
5 years in Arizona, I have lived my entire life here
( other than overseas vacation travel ).
Over the last several decades,
my ignorance of English has progressively diminished.

I do not write " rite " instead of right, nor write
so as to avoid confusion with a ceremony;
however, it has been my filosofy in this matter
to point to a better way,
without arrogating unto myself
the instatement of a PERFECTLY polished product
of fonetic English. I am satisfied to show that there
is an easier, faster way.

Failing to do that is to be complicit
in PERPETUATING THE PROBLEM of non-fonetic spelling,
as I did for well over half a century,
b4 I began to demonstrate fonetic spelling.
During those years,
I never thought about fonetic spelling
and I corrected my secretaries for any imperfections
of their deviations from the paradigm.

Those who come AFTER me
will be faced with perfecting fonetic spelling.



Quote:
additionally, what happens when you want to discuss ruminants, who chew the cud?

I rely upon the infrequency
with which this problem arises.


Quote:

You use "r" for "are," but it could as easily be misunderstood for "our."

I do not pronounce the 2 words the same.
Its " r " and "owwrr", as I say it,
and as most folks do,
in my observation.
I acknowledge that there is a similarity.


Quote:

Even if it weren't, who is to establish the conventions which make "r" the replacement
for "are," rather than "our?" Who is to decide that "n" becomes
the replacement for "and," rather than the replacement for "an?"

Who determines that one uses "c" to replace see, rather than to replace "sea?"

Teddy Roosevelt unsuccessfully endeavored
to enact fonetic usage rules for use in the federal government;
Congress did not support him.
He was ridiculed, as I am now;
I don 't give a damn.
I doubt that he did either.

Anyway,
in more specific answer to your questions:
I believe that Congress cud enact statutory guidelines
for usage in the federal government;
( maybe even find that fonetic spelling
will help interstate commerce n mandate it
like mudflaps on trucks ).
I do not expect that to happen.
I don 't support that.

Probably, it will come from
elementary school teachers
following the academic leading lights
of prestigeous universities, or appropriate
organizations of scholars of American use of English.

Maybe some respected academic source
will publish a fonetic dictionary.

I have a strong gut feeling
against the metric system
because I grew up with the English system
of measurements, but it cannot be denied
that a system based on 10 is much more convenient,
and regardless of my distaste for it,
Manifest Destiny will propel it to success;
so also fonetic spelling.


Quote:

Your "fonetic" spelling is a scam, and a pathetic scam at that.

NO; a scam is something else.

Quote:

Quite apart from being disingenuously applied, and inefficient because
of obscured meanings, it abandons all the elegance of expression and
pronunciation which has made English the greatest language in the history of the planet.

This is false.
U cannot justify jabbing Ls into wud, cud nor shud,
nor can u justify adding " ugh " to the end of tho.
That has NOTHING to do with " elegance of expression "
nor with pronunciation.


PROVE ME RONG.
I predict that u will either IGNORE my challenge
to prove me rong
or
u will offer only vague generalities,
referring to tradition.

Prove me rong.


Quote:

What a loser proposition.

The children of the future
need protection from useless torture
of being forced to spell the rong way.

The Spanish shud not be allowed to
keep a monopoly on sound reasoning
as to spelling.

Let 's do it for the children.
David
0 Replies
 
OmSigDAVID
 
  1  
Reply Sun 3 Dec, 2006 12:49 am
Setanta wrote:
You are peddling horseshit now, David.

The definition of vituperative, according to the American Heritage Dictionary, is:

Using, containing, or marked by harshly abusive censure.

I certainly censured your claims about phonetic spelling, and you might be pleased to whine, and complain that i was harsh. But i did not abuse you. For as much as you may not like being told that you are wrong, it does not constitute abuse. Nothing in what i wrote constituted a personal criticism.

Apparently, you use language no better than you write it.

1. In my vu, being harsh is abusive.

2. I have no objection to being told that I am rong.

3. U present yourself as a very angry man.

However, I am not interested in becoming concerned
with your emotional problems; I will not make them MY problems.

I will continue to discuss matters of intellectual interest with u,
if u keep it REASONABLY polite,
and I am fully willing to reciprocate in kind.

I doubt that our host
established this forum as an arena for flame wars.
David
0 Replies
 
OCCOM BILL
 
  1  
Reply Sun 3 Dec, 2006 02:41 am
OSDavid. Set's right. Your usage is a poorly conceived way to cover your inability to type or spell (most likely both). It is beyond obvious and annoying enough to the eye that I will likely scroll past most if not all the posts I see from you. My writing isn't perfect, but it is a matter of common courtesy to at least try to write legibly. Most people here will look past honest mistakes, but I think you'll find very few who approve of deliberate obtuseness justified by laziness.

You are right that people who come after you will follow in your footsteps, however. We'll likely refer to them as preschoolers.
0 Replies
 
aidan
 
  1  
Reply Sun 3 Dec, 2006 08:11 am
That's not the case at all Bill. David has shown that he can at least spell conventionally, or use spell-check in some posts. I can't speak to the typing bit, because I don't know how long it takes him to compose his posts, but a lot of men of a certain age, (who didn't grow up using computers- in my highschool, only girls took typing classes - guess what they were preparing us for...) are not proficient typists.

In terms of rote memorization - unfortunately there are so many exceptions to the rules in spelling in the English language, that it often takes practice and an ability to memorize in order to apply them correctly in different words. David's phonetic spelling would indeed be easier for those who do not have a good visual memory, but are able to hear the sounds of letters and words and apply them. I work with a woman who is also an advocate of phonetic spelling, probably not to the extent David is, but in the beginning for those who are just learning to write English, while they are learning which sounds go with which letter.

Unfortunately, memorization is the way we learn to apply capital letters, punctuation and grammar, as well. You can sometimes use critical thinking and deductive reasoning to figure it out, or trial and error, as in placing the comma one place, reading the sentence, hearing how it sounds, placing it somewhere else- but that would be a big waste of time when if you're simply willing and able to memorize - you'll have the answer immediately when you need it.

I thought the math problems offered called for quite a bit of application and problem solving. But again, because many children have not had to memorize multiplication tables these days, they are lost if they don't have a calculator at hand, that's if they even know what functions to perform when to find things like area, volume, etc.

I don't think there's anything wrong with memorizing information, as long as the student also understands the concept behind the rule or the fact or function. As I said in another thread - I wouldn't mind having this kind of information and problem solving ability at my fingertips.
And I have to agree with David - very few of today's students have this kind of practical or specific knowledge.
And the truth is that though they don't do much in terms of rote memory anymore, their critical thinking abilities, to which the effort was supposed to have been transferred, are lacking as well. It's appalling what kids today don't know.
Why they don't know anything is a whole different issue.
(And I don't think it's all the teacher's fault...)
0 Replies
 
Setanta
 
  1  
Reply Sun 3 Dec, 2006 05:57 pm
No one is "jabbing" an "l" into could, would, or should--because people who speak this language correctly pronounce the "l" in those words. That David does not or cannot is only evidence of a deficiency from which he suffers--it is not evidence of some higher efficiency and good sense on his part.

His arguments are bankrupt, and his apparent belief that "children in the future" will spell as he does is evidence of self-delusion. In fact, the American language was made distinct by Noah Webster, who did "rationalize" (his term) spelling for American children. Hence, centre became center; colour, humour and honour became color, humor and honor. Those changes were quickly adopted by Americans because they were sensible, and they did not involve doing any violence to the pronunciation of the words. He also changed magick, musick and mystick to magic, music and mystic--and those changes were sufficiently "common-sensical" in the eyes of English-speakers everywhere that they have been adopted by English-speakers everwhere. Once again, they do no violence to the pronunciation of the words involved.

Cud does not remotely resemble the pronunciation of could. David is not only involved in self-delusion to believe that he represents some wave of the future, he is awash in a childish conceit. The young people of today who use such spelling in text messaging are going to be obliged to learn proper spelling later rather than sooner in order to obtain good employment in any literate field. David, from what he has said of himself at this forum, is no longer faced with such a future obligation, so he can afford to adopt his arrogant attitude.

Finally, he declares that i am an angry man. That is more evidence of conceit on his part, and a sad and pathetic technique of online exchange. No one here can get the visual clues and the aural clues of tone which reveal someone's attitude in face-to-face conversation, so it is a cheap, arrogant and puerile tactic to assert that one is angry.

David is the one who insists on large type faces and boldface, universally seen in "cyber English" as shouting. David is the one who appears to be angry all of the time. His conceit is evident--i am not angry with him, because he simply is not important to me. I scroll past 99.9% of his posts, but when he invited, generally, a criticism of his spelling, i was more than happy to oblige.

David needs badly to get over his silly self.
0 Replies
 
OmSigDAVID
 
  1  
Reply Sun 3 Dec, 2006 08:39 pm
Setanta wrote:
No one is "jabbing" an "l" into could, would, or should--because people who speak this language correctly pronounce the "l" in those words. That David does not or cannot is only evidence of a deficiency from which he suffers--it is not evidence of some higher efficiency and good sense on his part.

His arguments are bankrupt, and his apparent belief that "children in the future" will spell as he does is evidence of self-delusion. In fact, the American language was made distinct by Noah Webster, who did "rationalize" (his term) spelling for American children. Hence, centre became center; colour, humour and honour became color, humor and honor. Those changes were quickly adopted by Americans because they were sensible, and they did not involve doing any violence to the pronunciation of the words. He also changed magick, musick and mystick to magic, music and mystic--and those changes were sufficiently "common-sensical" in the eyes of English-speakers everywhere that they have been adopted by English-speakers everwhere. Once again, they do no violence to the pronunciation of the words involved.

Cud does not remotely resemble the pronunciation of could. David is not only involved in self-delusion to believe that he represents some wave of the future, he is awash in a childish conceit. The young people of today who use such spelling in text messaging are going to be obliged to learn proper spelling later rather than sooner in order to obtain good employment in any literate field. David, from what he has said of himself at this forum, is no longer faced with such a future obligation, so he can afford to adopt his arrogant attitude.

Finally, he declares that i am an angry man. That is more evidence of conceit on his part, and a sad and pathetic technique of online exchange. No one here can get the visual clues and the aural clues of tone which reveal someone's attitude in face-to-face conversation, so it is a cheap, arrogant and puerile tactic to assert that one is angry.

David is the one who insists on large type faces and boldface, universally seen in "cyber English" as shouting. David is the one who appears to be angry all of the time. His conceit is evident--i am not angry with him, because he simply is not important to me. I scroll past 99.9% of his posts, but when he invited, generally, a criticism of his spelling, i was more than happy to oblige.

David needs badly to get over his silly self.

When I read this,
at first I thought to answer its points seriatim,
but taken as a whole,
it appears so resoundingly devoid of merit,
merely an emotional outburst of personal ill will,
that it seems unworthy of consideration,
unworthy of response,
except that I will note that in all my decades of life
in America, this is the first time that I 've ever heard
anyone allege that the Ls in wud, cud or shud are actually PRONOUNCED.

I guess life is full of surprizes.

Anyway, in the Immortal words of Patience and Prudence:
" I got along without u before I met u,
gonna get along without u now. "
David
0 Replies
 
Intrepid
 
  1  
Reply Sun 3 Dec, 2006 09:43 pm
For maybe the 4th or 5th time in living memory, I am in complete and total agreement with Setanta. Cool
0 Replies
 
 

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