Thomas wrote:Webster wrote:1 : the immaterial essence, animating principle, or actuating cause of an individual life
3 : a person's total self
5 a : the moral and emotional nature of human beings b : the quality that arouses emotion and sentiment c : spiritual or moral force : FERVOR
6 : PERSON
I'd probably say that all of those exist, but not in the sense that religious people believe they do. There is no ghost-like soul, the soul isn't really a 'thing,' it's more a of a concept. Like cartesianism. You couldn't say, "my cartesianism aches" or, "I just ate a whole bag of cartesianisms!" Maybe 'soul' should become a verb.
I would accept that what is described in definition 1 exists, interpreting it as the description of a concept, rather than a 'thing' - I would take 'essence' not to mean something spiritual, but as a sort of description imposed on a person. So if I talked about the essence of life, I wouldn't be talking about a spiritual or supernatural entity, but rather I mightb e talking about life processes such as reproduction, or moral values that I hold, or whatever.
I'd accept that 3 exists, taking 'self' to mean a persons consciousness - and assuming that consciousness consists only of brain activity, rather than anything supernatural.
I'd accept 5a and b as well, they coudl quite easily be used to describe dispositions caused by the brain - things that we actually
know about. We know that the brai nat least plays some role in emotion and other 'feelings.' Whether there is a spiritual element as well, we don't know - I see no reason to believe that there would be.
And finally, I can't deny that people exist, so if 'soul' means 'person,' then souls exist.
But what many people refer to when they use the word 'soul,' I don't believe in. How could something immaterial be spatial? And how could something non-spatial leave your body? - to leave your body something would have to move through space, and occupy space - and be spatial, and therefore material. I think the whole 'soul' farce probably comes from a misunderstanding of what 'soul' is - an abstract noun, not a concrete one. Or it should be, anyway.
Same goes for God - I tend to call myself an athiest-agnostic rather than an athiest because I believe that there might be or there might have been a God in the sense that the universe might have had a beginning. 'God' would be the name I would give to the first cause, so to me God would be a concept, rather than a being.