114
   

Where is the US economy headed?

 
 
cicerone imposter
 
  1  
Reply Thu 19 Apr, 2007 08:12 pm
Here's my .02c. The Laffer Curve is meaningless. Why? Because it's practically impossible to predict our economy based on tax rates. There is no way to predict the economy when tax codes are established. BINGO!

The only laugh here is the Laffer Curve. It doesn't predict anything; it can't. Somebody mentioned calculus as a tool, but that's useless too, because there are too many variables that play into how our economy will do in the future. There's no way to include all the necessary variables into a calculus formula. IMPOSSIBLE.

Economics is an art; not science. Get use to it.
0 Replies
 
okie
 
  1  
Reply Fri 20 Apr, 2007 09:07 am
parados wrote:
Cycloptichorn wrote:
[
Nope. Repeat after me, Okie: Excluding items from a tax does not make the tax itself any more progressive or regressive!

You are conflating two separate issues: progressivity of an individual tax and progressivity of our overall tax code. They aren't the same thing, at all.


On second thought, I agree with Cyc. You are too stupid to discuss this.

So you lost your head and agreed with me upon looking at the issue, but once you realized what you did, oh no, I inadvertantly agreed with okie, I can't do that even if he is correct, so I will fall back to my old ways and defend any liberal and disagree with okie no matter what. Even if okie says 2 + 2 = 4, okie has to be wrong.

You guys are so transparently biased, it is humorous.
0 Replies
 
okie
 
  1  
Reply Fri 20 Apr, 2007 09:09 am
Advocate wrote:
Parados is correct. It is he effective tax rate that counts. You get that by dividing the tax due by your total revenue.

It so happens that the well-to-do have a lot of deductions, deferments, and exclusions than do the less wealthy. For instance, you have have money to take full advantage of the various IRAs, 549 exclusion, 403b deferment, etc. Also, not many poor would find it worthwhile to itemize deductions, which could give the wealthy charitable, medical, etc., deductions. All this reduces progressivity.


So now, advocate, are you saying the income tax is a regressive tax? This is unbelievable. What next will one of you guys claim? Parados and cyclops, step up to the plate and defend advocate now?

Lets see now, according to your math, someone that made 22,000, they received 4,000 back, so divide -4,000 by 22,000. Now apply that number to whatever someone would pay or get back if they made a million. I get about $180,000 that person should get back from the government just to make it a flat tax. Sounds reasonable. Great math, advocate. I am finally being informed here.
0 Replies
 
okie
 
  1  
Reply Fri 20 Apr, 2007 09:17 am
cicerone imposter wrote:
Here's my .02c. The Laffer Curve is meaningless. Why? Because it's practically impossible to predict our economy based on tax rates. There is no way to predict the economy when tax codes are established. BINGO!

The only laugh here is the Laffer Curve. It doesn't predict anything; it can't. Somebody mentioned calculus as a tool, but that's useless too, because there are too many variables that play into how our economy will do in the future. There's no way to include all the necessary variables into a calculus formula. IMPOSSIBLE.

Economics is an art; not science. Get use to it.

Therefore, imposter, I take it that we could make the income tax rate 95%, because the Laffer curve is meaningless, and the government could finally have enough money to solve the deficits and give every man, woman, and child a decent living, provide health care, and on and on.

You guys really are ignorant, worse than I thought. If you are offended, try not to be, and look up the word, ignorant.
0 Replies
 
Cycloptichorn
 
  1  
Reply Fri 20 Apr, 2007 09:20 am
okie wrote:
cicerone imposter wrote:
Here's my .02c. The Laffer Curve is meaningless. Why? Because it's practically impossible to predict our economy based on tax rates. There is no way to predict the economy when tax codes are established. BINGO!

The only laugh here is the Laffer Curve. It doesn't predict anything; it can't. Somebody mentioned calculus as a tool, but that's useless too, because there are too many variables that play into how our economy will do in the future. There's no way to include all the necessary variables into a calculus formula. IMPOSSIBLE.

Economics is an art; not science. Get use to it.

Therefore, imposter, I take it that we could make the income tax rate 95%, because the Laffer curve is meaningless, and the government could finally have enough money to solve the deficits and give every man, woman, and child a decent living, provide health care, and on and on.

You guys really are ignorant, worse than I thought.


You cannot make a cogent argument for the 'laffer curve' without taking the problem to it's extreme, an unbelievable point.

Noone is raising taxes to 95%; it doesn't take any model to show you that this is not how a Capitalistic society functions.

Note that I don't think that you are ignorant, just have a difference of opinion with you.

Cycloptichorn
0 Replies
 
okie
 
  1  
Reply Fri 20 Apr, 2007 09:25 am
Maybe you are getting the point. The Laffer curve is not an exact science. I am trying to pound that into your head. But it does exist, and even you see the consequences at the extremes.

If you sit in the sun for 16 hours, you will get a sunburn. If you sit in it 5 minutes, you won't. Can anyone predict exactly what sunburn will result at 3 hours, 6 hours, whatever on different days with different conditions, clouds, etc. Perhaps no, but we do know one thing, there are consequences, so we need to consider what amount of time is safe. Same principle with tax rates, and if you blithely ignore there is any relationship, you will get burned.

Good grief, this argument is preposterously childish. Can't you grasp the simplest of concepts?
0 Replies
 
cicerone imposter
 
  1  
Reply Fri 20 Apr, 2007 09:25 am
okie can't even ask a cogent question. His extreme ideas about almost every subject makes his posts a LAFFER.
0 Replies
 
okie
 
  1  
Reply Fri 20 Apr, 2007 09:28 am
So my assertions that the deductions and exemptions do not make the income tax code progressive and that a sales tax can be made progressive with similar methods is not reasonable either?

You guys really are ignorant beyond belief.
0 Replies
 
Advocate
 
  1  
Reply Fri 20 Apr, 2007 09:29 am
Okie, I know how this tax stuff hurts your brain.

The income tax, with graduated rates, can be made less progressive when it gives certain people lots of deductions, deferments, and exclusions. Is that too tough to understand?

Forget about what you get back in determining the effective tax rate. Just divide the tax due by your total income. Thus, if your 1040 shows, at the end, that your tax is 20,000, and your income is 100,000, your effective tax rate (20000/100000) is .20, or 20 %. Got it?
0 Replies
 
cicerone imposter
 
  1  
Reply Fri 20 Apr, 2007 09:31 am
Advocate, That's too simple for okie to understand.
0 Replies
 
okie
 
  1  
Reply Fri 20 Apr, 2007 09:33 am
Nobody ever said every single item in the tax code was progressive, but certain provisions do make it progressive. Go back and read all the posts, advocate, before you make a fool of yourself here.
0 Replies
 
cicerone imposter
 
  1  
Reply Fri 20 Apr, 2007 09:36 am
Advocate isn't the one being seen as a fool on this thread. Look in the mirror, okie.
0 Replies
 
Cycloptichorn
 
  1  
Reply Fri 20 Apr, 2007 09:49 am
okie wrote:
Maybe you are getting the point. The Laffer curve is not an exact science. I am trying to pound that into your head. But it does exist, and even you see the consequences at the extremes.

If you sit in the sun for 16 hours, you will get a sunburn. If you sit in it 5 minutes, you won't. Can anyone predict exactly what sunburn will result at 3 hours, 6 hours, whatever on different days with different conditions, clouds, etc. Perhaps no, but we do know one thing, there are consequences, so we need to consider what amount of time is safe. Same principle with tax rates, and if you blithely ignore there is any relationship, you will get burned.

Good grief, this argument is preposterously childish. Can't you grasp the simplest of concepts?


You don't seem to grasp that it isn't a simple concept.

Look, let's start with the idea of there being a 'curve.' A curve is a mathematical picture of a series, or interval, of real numbers. These numbers are then plotted according to a set scheme, say on a Cartesian Plane. The data points are then compared - a line is drawn between them - to show an overall picture of how things change in a series over time.

So, how does the 'laffer curve' actually become a curve? That's the whole problem with the theory, Okie; there are no data points to plug in to make it exist! You can't actually create a laffer curve by looking at real data. This makes people pretty suspicious as to its' accuracy. The only data that can be put in is at the extreme ends - say 1-5% of taxation and 95-100% of taxation. This doesn't make a curve. There's no 'curve' to it.

Let's take your 'sit in the sun example.' It's actually quite good. Because the laffer curve only posits two variables in its' axes - It is quite limited in actaully describing a real-world situation. So, with the example, if we followed a 'laffer curve' to decide how long one could sit in the sun, there would only be two variables:

X, Length of duration in the sun

And

Y, Amount of sunburn recorded

This would give us a simple curve - it won't go up and down like this one, but it will look somewhat similar:

http://www.causeway.co.uk/tutorial/rainpro/tutor/plai.gif

But, what about the other important factors? Like

- Genetic susceptibility to sunburn
- Cloud cover that day
- Time of year/Intensity of the sun
- Suntan lotion (sunblock)
- wind that day (BIG factor, actually!)
- Level of hydration of subject.

And so on. All of these factors effect the ability to make an accurate and real prediction. And when you start thinking about how to plot them, it gets decidedly dicey. At first, if you want three dimensions, it would look something like this:

http://www.cs.utah.edu/~gk/MS/html/img46.gif

MOre complicated by a lot.

Now imagine factoring in all the factors, or at least as many as you know are variables. I don't even have the ability to show you a picture of what that would look like. It's theoretical stuff, at least to me. Now imagine that we are talking about the economy of our nation instead, and that there are dozens or hundreds of factors involved in it. Maybe thousands.

How the hell do you plot that on a graph?????? You cannot. This is the failing of the 'laffer curve'; no such curve exists for two reasons: first, there is no data to actually support making a simple curve. Second, there is no way to make an accurate plotting of the different factors BESIDES taxation which effect the ecnomy/revenue generation. It is nothing more than a simplistic way to look at an incredibly complicated problem - but that will lead to simplistic and incorrect answers, every time.

You state that:

Quote:
Perhaps no, but we do know one thing, there are consequences, so we need to consider what amount of time is safe.


Sure, noone disagrees that we should consider the correct level of taxation. We just disagree that the concept of a 'curve' will produce anything like the answer which matches reality.

Strangely enough, your argument - that we know that there is some problem, and we need to do something about it even if we can't understand it completely - is my argument in the Global Warming thread. But you don't seem to agree there Smile

Cycloptichorn
0 Replies
 
parados
 
  1  
Reply Fri 20 Apr, 2007 10:32 am
okie wrote:
parados wrote:
Cycloptichorn wrote:
[
Nope. Repeat after me, Okie: Excluding items from a tax does not make the tax itself any more progressive or regressive!

You are conflating two separate issues: progressivity of an individual tax and progressivity of our overall tax code. They aren't the same thing, at all.


On second thought, I agree with Cyc. You are too stupid to discuss this.

So you lost your head and agreed with me upon looking at the issue, but once you realized what you did, oh no, I inadvertantly agreed with okie, I can't do that even if he is correct, so I will fall back to my old ways and defend any liberal and disagree with okie no matter what. Even if okie says 2 + 2 = 4, okie has to be wrong.

You guys are so transparently biased, it is humorous.

I said you were both partially right but you took that as meaning you were all right and cyc was all wrong.

I didn't agree with everything Cyc said. I agreed on a specific item, your ability to discuss this issue intelligently which your response highlighted rather well.
0 Replies
 
Avatar ADV
 
  1  
Reply Fri 20 Apr, 2007 10:39 am
Now you're just being silly.

Of -course- you can't completely model an economy. You can't do it in n-space, much less a 2-d graph. Way too complicated, numbers too fuzzy, yadda yadda.

But that doesn't mean that various simplified 2d models can't tell us a lot ABOUT the economy. What about aggregate demand? The IS-LM model of output and exchange rates? (Okay, that one's TWO 2d graphs.)

When you talk about various factors in economics, you're generally prefacing the discussion with "holding all other factors constant". In real life, all other factors are not constant. We know that. You have not found a great insight by repeating it over and over. Nor is it a serious indictment. You can say the same thing for practically every graph in economics, and by and large, all the smooth curves we see are more or less fictional - if we had perfect data and represented it all, those curves would look like a Gonzales polygraph. But the general shape of the data is more or less curvy, and you'd still see the curve in with the jaggies.

However, understanding how each of many and various aspects affects the economy is a necessary prerequisite to being able to come up with a synthesis of many factors together. Overall, the economic models we have do a pretty good job in short-term prediction of things within the fairly narrow band where we keep our economy running. There's a LOT of feedback mechanisms involved, some positive, some negative, and a lot of really finely-grained data. After all, people make their living and their fortunes off having better economic data than the other guy...

One fun thing to keep in mind for the global warming thread, though - global climate is much, much, much harder to model than an economy. ;p
0 Replies
 
parados
 
  1  
Reply Fri 20 Apr, 2007 10:47 am
okie wrote:
Advocate wrote:
Parados is correct. It is he effective tax rate that counts. You get that by dividing the tax due by your total revenue.

It so happens that the well-to-do have a lot of deductions, deferments, and exclusions than do the less wealthy. For instance, you have have money to take full advantage of the various IRAs, 549 exclusion, 403b deferment, etc. Also, not many poor would find it worthwhile to itemize deductions, which could give the wealthy charitable, medical, etc., deductions. All this reduces progressivity.


So now, advocate, are you saying the income tax is a regressive tax? This is unbelievable. What next will one of you guys claim? Parados and cyclops, step up to the plate and defend advocate now?
Because something is less progressive doesn't make it regressive. Even a 2 year old should understand that simple idea. Advocate's point is you can't look only at the published tax rate to determine how progressive something is. You have to a look at the actual tax payment compared to income. The top rate is 35% but no one pays 35% of their income in income taxes.
0 Replies
 
Cycloptichorn
 
  1  
Reply Fri 20 Apr, 2007 10:48 am
Avatar ADV wrote:
Now you're just being silly.

Of -course- you can't completely model an economy. You can't do it in n-space, much less a 2-d graph. Way too complicated, numbers too fuzzy, yadda yadda.

But that doesn't mean that various simplified 2d models can't tell us a lot ABOUT the economy. What about aggregate demand? The IS-LM model of output and exchange rates? (Okay, that one's TWO 2d graphs.)

When you talk about various factors in economics, you're generally prefacing the discussion with "holding all other factors constant". In real life, all other factors are not constant. We know that. You have not found a great insight by repeating it over and over. Nor is it a serious indictment. You can say the same thing for practically every graph in economics, and by and large, all the smooth curves we see are more or less fictional - if we had perfect data and represented it all, those curves would look like a Gonzales polygraph. But the general shape of the data is more or less curvy, and you'd still see the curve in with the jaggies.

However, understanding how each of many and various aspects affects the economy is a necessary prerequisite to being able to come up with a synthesis of many factors together. Overall, the economic models we have do a pretty good job in short-term prediction of things within the fairly narrow band where we keep our economy running. There's a LOT of feedback mechanisms involved, some positive, some negative, and a lot of really finely-grained data. After all, people make their living and their fortunes off having better economic data than the other guy...

One fun thing to keep in mind for the global warming thread, though - global climate is much, much, much harder to model than an economy. ;p


It was never I who stated that 'acceptance of the laffer curve would lead to better economic decisions by our politicians.' My contention has always been:

Quote:

Sure, noone disagrees that we should consider the correct level of taxation. We just disagree that the concept of a 'curve' will produce anything like the answer which matches reality.


And I stick to it. I would also say that most other economic models have better data going into them.

Love the 'gonzales polygraph line,' that's solid gold!

Cycloptichorn
0 Replies
 
okie
 
  1  
Reply Fri 20 Apr, 2007 10:49 am
Cyclops, all of the reasons you state explain why the curve may not remain static, because other conditions change slightly. However, does that negate doctors being able to say something about the estimated amount of time allowed in the sun? The following is not plotted on a graph, but it could be.

http://home.hetnet.nl/~jsi/weather/Infoweatherdata.htm

Go down the page to UV index.

Under your reasoning, since exact times of sunburn cannot be plotted because of a myriad of other factors, you would simply ignore the problem, or even attempt to quantify it approximately. You are plain wrong. Scientists do attempt to quantify it even though many factors are involved, and they freely admit other factors may cause variations in final results.

Nobody has ever claimed to apply hard fast numbers to the curve, only that it logically exists, and that we do know some things for certain. We know one point on the graph, definitely. If the tax rate is zero, tax revenues would be zero. If the tax rate would be 100%, tax revenues would also be near zero, or greatly reduced from wherever the peak revenues occur somewhere between 0 and 100% tax rates. These two facts are indisputable and therefore can easily be plotted as a general shape by a mathematician. It is also totally logical that the peak is not a sharp point, simply by intuitive mathematical reasoning, so that a curve therefore has to exist where the peak looks something like a curving plateau. Such a curve exists regardless of all the other factors plugged in, although the curve may change in magnitude, and also shift to the left or right in terms of where the peak lies. The concept should be totally clear to a mathematically logical mind.

P.S. I notice you choose to shift the argument from progressive taxes vs regressive taxes because you have obviously lost that argument. Apparently you cannot bring yourself to eat the crow. Try it, everyone has to sometime in life.
0 Replies
 
Cycloptichorn
 
  1  
Reply Fri 20 Apr, 2007 10:50 am
Quote:


P.S. I notice you choose to shift the argument from progressive taxes vs regressive taxes because you have obviously lost that argument. Apparently you cannot bring yourself to eat the crow. Try it, everyone has to sometime in life.


No, I won that argument. Perhaps you could link to the area where you think I lost. I seem to remember that you dropped many of my points, which normally means that someone loses the argument.

Cycloptichorn
0 Replies
 
okie
 
  1  
Reply Fri 20 Apr, 2007 10:56 am
Avatar ADV wrote:

One fun thing to keep in mind for the global warming thread, though - global climate is much, much, much harder to model than an economy. ;p


That is very revealing, Avatar. People here claim tax rates have no overall general effect upon GDP and resultant tax revenues as a function of depressing or encouraging economic activity, will in the next breath claim CO2 is the only factor to consider the grand, complex climatic system, something we understand alot less than taxes.
0 Replies
 
 

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