@centrox,
These threads are interesting, because the way that normal people talk always follow any set of rules. I am assuming that the OP is interested in talking like a native speaker.
- The first example is an interesting one. The plane is a military target. I would use "head for" in this case.
- I can't explain the rule for the second example. That is the correct American usage; I would say "head for the plane" rather than "head to the plane" in that context. I don't know why other than "that's the way we would say it".
- The third example is in the same class as "head for the hills".
- The fourth example seems wrong to me... but not to the point that it would stand out.
Again, I assume that the point of these threads is for English language learners to understand how native speakers use the language... not to come up with set rules from a book.
I spent a summer in Guatemala to learn Spanish and I encountered this in the other direction. I came with a book knowledge of Spanish; a memorized set of rules. In Guatemala I had a one on one tutor. There were many times where in the sake of learning how Spanish was actually used I had to unlearn the systematic rules from the book.