@coluber2001,
I know what my definition of the word is, but out of curiosity I checked a few common reference sites:
Merriam -Webster: to instruct especially in fundamentals or rudiments : teach
Google: the process of teaching a person or group to accept a set of beliefs uncritically.
Dictionary.com: teaching or inculcating a doctrine, principle, or ideology, especially one with a specific point of view
Vocabulary.com: Indoctrination means teaching someone to accept a set of beliefs without questioning them
All but one of these has a slightly different take on the concept, but I'm not entirely satisfied with any of them. I'm surprised by Merriam-Websters' as it is, I think, significantly different than the others. Of course M-W provides more than one definition and #2 is
to imbue with a usually partisan or sectarian opinion, point of view, or principle. This is more in line with the others.
The word is most commonly associated with religion or ideology, but someone can be indoctrinated relative to any subject. I don't think it's synonymous with
teaching, although I appreciate M-W's inclusion of
fundamentals and
rudiments. For a great many people the term has a negative connotation, but to max's point, people tend not to use the term to describe what they
teach but often use it conjunction with someone else's
teaching of something with which they disagree. It can be an emotionally and politically charged term.
I think we commonly and tacitly agree to use
teach over
indoctrination when we commonly and tacitly accept that the subject being passed on to others is not subject to questioning. I know that since I was a kid, the teaching of spelling has, in some venues, changed based on educational theory, however when I was in grade schools (and I think this remains the case in most primary educational settings today) we were clearly
indoctrinated in the spelling of English words. Teachers didn't offer us the opportunity to question how to spell "knowledge," we were told how to spell it and that was that. Of course the spelling of English words doesn't seem to most people to involve a set of beliefs, principles or ideology, but doesn't it involve (except where experimental methods are employed) a belief that there is only one correct way to spell a word like "knowledge?"
My point is that children, in particular, are
indoctrinated on a host of subjects, but we consider the process to be
teaching because we accept what is being taught as either true or not practical to question.
Is not
teaching our children our values (including religious ones) distinct from
indoctrination if we allow them to be critically questioned? How about if the
teacher's answer is always the same and essentially what has been taught?
I don't think a certain degree of
indoctrination of children is possible to completely avoid, nor is it desirable to attempt to do so. The age of the child and their capacity to understand complex concepts is, I think, always an important consideration.
I also agree with max and those who argue we should teach our children our values, and I don't believe it is a good thing to do so in a manner that suggests to the child that the subject is open to debate. At the same time I think it is important to teach our children as they grow that it is not only acceptable to question doctrine, but a good thing. Balance and timing are important, and I don't think we can make blanket statements about indoctrination never being a good idea. If done properly and with good intent, our children are likely to grow to intellectual stages (reached at different times by different individual children) when they are capable of critical though that is rational and not simply a reflex of rebellion or defiance.
My wife and I taught our children our values and our religious beliefs (which differ in fairly significant ways). We also taught them our ideological beliefs which changed over the time the kids grew (which might have been confusing to them at certain points). We never sat them down and gave them lessons in critical thinking, but following the process I previously described, we encouraged them to question doctrine and what they were being taught at school as well as at home and in other settings.
Perfect parents we were not, but I like to think all of my children share the same set of basic values that their parents hold and most of the people they are surrounded by everyday hold too. All three have different beliefs about religion ranging from atheism to fairly orthodox Christianity. I'm happy to report that all three share their parents' conservative political principles, although only the atheist never went through a progressive period.
While children should ultimately become adults with the capacity for critical thinking, I think it's important that throughout that learning process, their parents convey to them that they are committed to their values, and serious about their beliefs (or at least about those beliefs that are serious) We always tried to impress on our kids that it's not a matter of wearing whatever is in vogue at any given moment, and, of course, it is extremely important that parents model the values and beliefs they
teach their children