Just a few comments from a brief skimming of the opinions and some reviews:
I found it curious that Chief Justice Roberts chose Alito to pen the majority opinion in this case, given that Scalia authored the majority opinion in
D.C. v. Heller, which struck down the handgun ban in the District of Columbia. Not sure what that signifies. Maybe Alito just didn't get any good opinions this term.
Justice Thomas split with his colleagues in the majority by advocating the "incorporation" of the second amendment through the fourteenth amendment's "privileges or immunities" clause, and thus reversing the decision in the
Slaughterhouse Cases (1873). Thomas, once again, proves to be the justice most willing to overturn established precedent. Scalia, in his concurrence, had to apologize that, although he would really,
really like to join Thomas in advocating the reversal of the
Slaughterhouse Cases, it just wouldn't be practical.
The result of this case wasn't in much doubt after
Heller. The debate, then, moves to what limits the states can place on the right to own guns. Alito reassured everyone that the decision in
McDonald didn't mean that no regulation was permissible. As he stated: "We made it clear in
Heller that our holding did not cast doubt on such longstanding regulatory measures as 'prohibitions on the possession of firearms by felons and the mentally ill,' 'laws forbidding the carrying of firearms in sensitive places such as schools and government buildings, or laws imposing conditions and qualifications on the commercial sale of arms.'... We repeat those assurances here." The
McDonald decision didn't say what regulations are permissible, just that the Chicago regulations went too far.
The dissent didn't have much of a leg to stand on after
Heller. Stevens and Breyer were pretty much left arguing that the second amendment wasn't so "fundamental to the scheme of ordered liberty" that it made incorporation through the due process clause necessary -- in the same way that, for instance, the grand jury requirement in the fifth amendment is also not applied to the states. But
Heller showed that there were five votes for just that view, so there was no chance for the minority position to have prevailed on that argument.