@Thomas,
Depends on how one defines "expedited." The court can move its own calendar as fast as it wants -- the
Bush v. Gore decision was reached in an expedited manner, but there were exigent circumstances involved in that case that mandated a swift resolution.
The supreme court, therefore, can speed up its own processes, but it has little control over how fast the lower courts operate. The supreme court has a very limited original jurisdiction, so it wouldn't be able to take a case questioning the constitutionality of the health insurance reform act on its own: it would have to let a federal district court hear the case initially. Normally, a district court decision would be appealed to the circuit court, but I believe there have been rare instances in the past where the supreme court has allowed a direct appeal from a district court, bypassing the intermediate appellate court (I'm not even sure if the current rules allow that sort of thing). In any event, it would be
extremely unusual for the supreme court to intrude itself into the normal progress of a case from district court to circuit court to supreme court, even for such an important question as the constitutionality of the health insurance act. Nowadays, that process can take upwards of five years. The
Heller 2d amendment case, for instance, was filed in the district court in 2003, and was decided by the supreme court in 2008. The wheels of justice grind slowly, albeit finely.