@existential potential,
First thing you should notice is that you asked "what are we?" You are not a "what". You are not an entity, an identity, or a thing. You exist and you have already determined your own existence.
I was looking for information on prehistoric man and found the following in Wikipedia.
“Humans are noted for their desire to understand and influence their environment, seeking to explain and manipulate phenomena through science, philosophy, mythology, and religion.”
"Desire to understand and influence", "seeking to explain and manipulate". What? The phenomenon, the butterfly if you will. We can't just “Let It Be” - John Lennon.
By the way, not only are we the source of the "desire to understand and influence" and the "seeking to explain and manipulate". We are also the source of “science, philosophy, mythology, and religion.” We are the 'source' of it all and instead of uncovering the 'source', we refuse to dis-cover the 'source'. The world is full of naked people lying about being naked.
'Existence' or 'Phenomenon' (that which shows itself in itself) is the closest you will come to a 'what'.
If you are looking for something "beyond concepts", you are moving in the wrong direction.
'You' come before the concepts. The combination of characteristics (concepts) are acquired from observing 'you', 'Be'-ing.
However, instead of deconstructing the concepts we subjugate our questioning to tradition. When tradition becomes master what it transmits becomes concealed. Tradition takes what has been handed down to us and delivers it over to self-evidence which blocks our access to the 'sources' of the concepts we use day-to-day. It makes us forget that the concepts we use had such an origin and nullifies the necessity of going back to these 'sources'.
These 'sources' are who you are. If you don't do the work of uncovering these 'sources' life is nothing more than comparing the 'reflection in the glass' you see with others.